Transcript Cell Processes Energy Ch 2 (teacher)
Cell Processes and Energy
Table of Contents
Log: Feb.14th
Read and complete question on page 44 My planet diary
The Sun as an Energy Source
Nearly all living things obtain energy from the sun directly or indirectly through the process of photosynthesis.
See page 46
Energy Processes Producers
• Makes their own food • Autotrophs • All Plants
Consumers
• Heterotrophs • All Animals and Fungi
Photosynthesis; How living organisms get energy from the sun First Stage of Photosynthesis
The first stage of photosynthesis powers the “energy engine” of the living world.
Stage 1 Photosynthesis Stage 1
Chlorophyll acts similar to solar cells and captures light energy H 2 O is split
Oxygen
is given off as waste
Hydrogen
2 is used in stage
Stage 2
The second stage of photosynthesis makes food for a plant.
CO2
enters the plant
H
and
CO 2
react Produce
C 6 H 12 O 6
Photosynthesis Producing Food
The second stage of photosynthesis makes food for a plant. How can the information for Stage 1 and Stage 2 be completed?
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis
What is the process of photosynthesis?
Write the chemical formula for photosynthesis.
Cellular Respiration Lesson 2
Cellular Respiration = the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. (glucose = most common sugar in foods) During cellular respiration, cells break down glucose and other molecules from food in the presence of oxygen which allows for energy to be released.
Organisms and cells need energy all the time cellular respiration is continuous.
so Cellular respirations is not the same as breathing respiration, but these 2 cycles do work together.
Cellular Respiration Lesson 2 Getting Energy
How does the hiker's energy and breathing rate change as she climbs?
Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration
Complete the concept map about cellular respiration.
Write the chemical formula for cellular respiration.
Cellular Respiration Releasing Energy
Cellular respiration takes place in two stages. What terms will complete the sentences?
Log: Feb 28th
Summarize the Yeast lab. What cellular process occurred? What proved that this process was occurring?
What prevented Oxygen form being present?
Cellular Respiration Opposite Processes
Producers carry out photosynthesis, but producers and consumers both carry out cellular respiration. Use the word bank to complete the blank boxes.
Connection Between Photosynthesis and Respiration
Photosynthesis cells take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Chloroplast Respiration cells use oxygen to break down glucose and release energy and carbon dioxide Mitochondria Click
Chapter 4 Section 2 Cell Energy
Fermentation
= an energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen Alcoholic Fermentation
- in yeast or single celled organisms -produces: alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a small amount of energy - Carbon dioxide release makes the bubbles or air holes in bread or bubbles in sparkling or carbonated drinks
Lactic Acid Fermentation
- Muscle cells can break down glucose without oxygen but lactic acid is produced instead of the water & carbon dioxide, a small amount of energy is also released
Chapter 4 Section 2 Cell Energy Getting Energy from Food,
• When muscles can’t get the oxygen for cellular respiration, they use fermentation to get energy .
• Fermentation is the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen. It produces a small amount of ATP Occurs Product 1 st Type Lactic Acid 2 nd Type Animal Muscles (some fungi an bacteria) Causes muscle fatigue Bacteria and Yeast Causes holes in bread CO 2 and Alcohol
Cellular Respiration Fermentation
A ball of bread dough mixed with yeast is left in a bowl at room temperature. As time passes, the dough increases in size.
Log: March 1st
Write the chemicals equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
How are the two connected? Explain.
Cell Division Lesson 3 Comparing Cell Cycles
The table below compares the length of different cell cycles.
Log: March 2, 2011 True or False
1. The first stage of cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm.
2. In the first stage of respiration a great deal of energy is required from the sun.
3. ATP can be made from fermentation or cellular respiration.
Function of the Cell cycle
The cell cycle allows cell to 1. Grow 2. Repair 3. Reproduce Turn to Page 57 How does each picture represent cell division
Cell Cycle: What happens?
1. The cell will grow 2. Prepare for cell division 3.
Divide into two cell called “daughter cells”
Cell Division Interphase: Preparing to Divide
The changes in a cell during interphase prepare the cell for mitosis.
1. Growing What organelles are produced to aid this process?
2. Copying DNA What form is the DNA in?
The cell is growing and making copies of its DNA 3. Preparing for division What structures are made?
Cell Division
When one cell splits in half during cell division, the result is two new cells. Each of those two cells can divide into two more, and so on.
Log Time
What are the 3 functions of cell division?
Write out the 6 vocab words and define for section 3
Cell Division Mitosis: Prophase
Mitosis begins with prophase, which involves further changes to the cell.
Nucleic Acid
•Long organic molecules consisting of C,O ,H and N.
•They carry instructions for cells •One type of cell Nucleic Acid is DNA •The shape of DNA is referred to as a double helix
Chapter 4 Section 3 The Cell Cycle Mitosis and the Cell Cycle
• Mitosis has four phases: 1.
prophase 2.
3.
metaphase anaphase 4.
telophase
Chapter 4 Section 3 The Cell Cycle
Mitosis and the Cell Cycle, continued •
Cytokinesis
is the division of cytoplasm. • In animal cells and other eukaryotes that do not have cell walls, division of the cytoplasm begins at the cell membrane. • In plant cells and in other eukaryotes with cell walls, a
cell plate
forms and the cell splits into two cells.
Cell Division
Centriole pairs Spindle fiber Centromere Chromatids
The Cell Cycle
Cells undergo an orderly sequence of events as they grow and divide. What are the missing parts of the stages?
Before a cell divides, it must make a copy of its DNA which is organized into structures called chromosomes .
Each Human cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes
Cell Division Length of a Liver Cell Cycle
Human liver cells generally reproduce less than once per year. At other times, they can complete one cell cycle in about 22 hours.
Log: March 2011
What happens during telophase?
In what process/stage does the cell make a copy of DNA?
Log: March 2011