Transcript Writing Manure Management Plans for Equine Owners

Animal Concentration Areas
Animal Concentration Areas (ACAs)
• Heavy use areas, sacrifice areas, barnyards,
feedlots, loafing areas, exercise lots that will not
maintain dense vegetation
• Generate more environmental concern and are
more heavily regulated than pastures
– Why?
ACA Identification
• Planned ACAs
- Barnyards, feedlots, exercise lots, loafing areas
- “Pastures” that do not meet the definition of a ‘true’ pasture
- Animal confinement areas that will not maintain a growing
crop.
- Must be identified on map and follow regulations
• Unplanned ACAs
- Smaller non-vegetated animal congregation areas
- Typically in pastures or part of the pasture system
- Watering, feeding, and shade areas
- Access lanes
- Designated as an ACA on Plan and Map when there is direct
flow of manure nutrients to surface water or groundwater
(sinkholes)
Planned ACAs
Unplanned ACAs
Which need to be addressed in the MMP?
ACA Management Requirements
• Divert clean water flow from upslope fields, driveways, barn roofs,
etc. away from the ACA
• Direct or allow polluted runoff to flow from the ACA area into a
storage facility or a correctly sized and well maintained vegetative
filter strip
• Limit animal access to surface waters to properly implemented
livestock crossings - animals may not have free access to streams
adjacent to or within ACAs
• Keep ACAs as far away from water bodies as practical
• Relocate movable structures creating animal congregation areas
annually where appropriate and practical
• Remove manure routinely from ACAs, where practical
Addressing ACA
• Action to address ACA “problems” must be
taken immediately
• Some changes require professional design and
construction
- Those plans must be fully implemented within 3 years of the
development date
- Contact agency for assistance and document date contacted.
• Immediately implement management changes
that do not require professional design
- Moving feeders and waterers, installing fence, removing
accumulated manure, establishing vegetative buffers, etc.
Getting Outside Help
• Depending on your situation, it might be best
to get professional help from local agencies
•
• Assist you in developing Best Management
Practices (BMPs):
– Diversions
– Roof Runoff Management
– Subsurface Drainage
– Structures for Water Control
Erosion & Sediment Control Plan
• ACAs and other soil disturbances (tillage)
exceeding 5,000 sq ft, need an E & S Plan,
according to Chapter 102
• However, the Manure Management Plan acts
as an E &S Plan when the ACA worksheet is
thoroughly completed
Manure Management Plan Exercise – Pg. 3, 9, 10
COMPLETE ACA
INFORMATION
WORKSHEET:
PART 1 & 2
ACA Worksheets pages 9 and 10
For each ACA:
• Identify ACA location
• Identify BMPs:
o Clean water is directed around ACA
o Dirty water is directed to treatment
area
o Animals do not have access to
surface water
o Bare areas are minimized
o Areas where animals congregate
are away from surface water
• If outside help is needed:
– List date contacted
– Agency contacted
Fill out ACA Worksheet Part 2
Record Keeping
Recordkeeping
• Manure Application Rates
Record (pg. 22)
– Using Appendix 1: Manure
Application Rate Tables
• Crop Yield Record (pg. 13)
• Manure Transfer Record
(pg. 14)
• Manure Storage Facility
Record (pg. 15)
Manure Application Rates Record (pg. 12)
• Anyone spreading
manure, must complete
this worksheet
Field
Manure Crop App.
Date
Acres
Notes
Identification
Group Group Rate
5/26
Front Left 1
15
Horse
Solid
Pasture 3 T
Crop Yield Record (pg. 13)
• This worksheet needs to
be completed if you have
pastures, hay or other
crop fields
Field
Identification
Crop Group
Date Harvested
Yield
Goal
Actual Yield
Harvested
Back
Field
Pasture
Grazed
2T
1.5 T
Hay 1
Hay Late Spring/
(mix
Mid
3T
grasses) Summer
2.5 T
Notes
Manure Transfer Record (pg.14)
• Record must be
completed if exporting
manure
Date
Name of Broker/
Importer
5/25 John Smith
Address/ Phone #
of Broker
333 Ivy St.
Manure
Group
Amount of Crop Group and
Manure
Application
Transferred
Rate
Horse
10 Ton Unknown
Solid
Pennsylvania Nutrient Management Website
www.panutrientmgmt.cas.psu.edu
• Manure Management Manual Program
– Farmer Information
• Manure Management Manual
• Manure Management Workbook
• Balance Sheets with information tables
• How to calibrate the manure spreader
• Pa One Stop Mapping
• Agronomy Guide
Applying Manure
Environmentally Sensitive Areas Worksheet (p.4)
• List associated fields
• Identify environmentally
sensitive areas
• Mechanical manure
application setbacks are
required
– Regardless of the slope of
the land or the ground
cover
• Identified on Farm Map
Manure Application Setbacks: Lakes, Streams and Ponds
100 ft Setback if:
• No BMPs
• No Soil Test
50 ft Setback if:
• Soil Test <200 ppm P
• No-till practices used
• Residue or cover crop
35 ft Setback if:
• Permanent
vegetated buffer
Sensitive Areas & Manure Application Setbacks
• No mechanical manure application within 100
feet of an existing open sinkhole
100 ft
100 ft
Sensitive Areas & Manure Application Setbacks
• No mechanical manure application:
– Within 100 feet of an active private or public
drinking water source
• Well or a spring
100 ft
100 ft
Sensitive Areas & Manure Application Setbacks
• No mechanical manure
application within the
channel of a nonvegetated concentrated
water flow area
– Swale, gully or a ditch
Manure Management Plan Exercise – Pg. 3, 4
COMPLETE
ENVIROMENTALLY
SENSITIVE
WORKSHEET:
Manure Management Plan Summary (pg. 6)
This summary must be completed if applying manure
Total Manure Production
Animal
Daily Manure
Days on
Total Manure
AU X
X
÷ 2,000 =
Type
Production *
Farm
Produced
Mature
Draft
Horse
5.4
X
55lb/ AU/ Day
X
365
÷
2,000
=
X
X
÷
2,000
=
X
X
÷
2,000
=
X
X
÷
2,000
=
X
X
÷
2,000
=
Total Manure Produced =
54 Tons
Total Uncollected Manure
Animal
Daily Manure Days on
AU X
X
X
Type
Production*
Pasture
Mature
Draft
Horse
5.4 X 55lb/AU/ Day X
280
X
Hours
Uncollected
on
÷ 24 ÷ 2,000 =
Manure
Pasture
11
÷ 24 ÷ 2000 =
X
X
X
÷ 24 ÷ 2000 =
X
X
X
÷ 24 ÷ 2000 =
X
X
X
÷ 24 ÷ 2000 =
X
X
X
÷ 24 ÷ 2000 =
Total Uncollected Manure =
19 Tons
Total Collected Manure
TOTAL Manure
Produced
54 Tons
-
UNCOLLECTED
Manure
=
Collected Manure
-
19 Tons
=
* 35 Tons
-
=
Amount of manure needed to
be stored and / or spread
Determining Manure Application Rates
Nitrogen Based
– Current soil test
– Phosphorus levels
must be below 200 ppm
– Nitrogen rates are
based on the crop’s N
requirements
• Higher amount than P
rates
Phosphorus Removal
– No soil test
– Phosphorus levels
exceed 200 ppm
– Phosphorus rates are
based on the crop’s P
requirements
• Lower amount than N
rates
• Step 1: Find the table
in the back of the
MMM (Appendix 1)
for:
– Rate basis N or P
– Type of manure
• Step 2: Find crop in
manure type table
Calculating Rates for Crop Fields
15 Ton/A is the maximum amount of
manure that can be applied mechanically
Crop Group
and Yield (a)
Manure
Group (b)
Application
Season (c )
Grass Hay (5
T/A)
Solid
Fall
Maximum
Manure Rate
Planned
Application
Rate from C,
NBS, PI * (d)
Incorporation
Timing
(e)
Commercial
Fertilizer
Application
Rate (f)
Fields where
this crop group
can be used (g)
15
T/A
No
Incorporation
N/A
123A, 123B
Crop Group
and Yield (a)
Manure
Group (b)
Application
Season (c )
Planned
Application
Rate from C,
NBS, PI * (d)
Grass Hay (5
T/A)
Solid
Fall
15 T/A
Pasture (3 T/A)
Solid
Grazing
?
Incorporation
Timing
(e)
Commercial
Fertilizer
Application
Rate (f)
Fields where
this crop group
can be used (g)
No
Incorporation
N/A
123A, 123B
Calculating Rates for Pastures
Days on
Number of
Tons X
X
÷
Pasture
Horses
Less than 8
Hours
X
20
X
4
÷
3
=
.2
100
X
4
÷
3
=
1.9
200
X
4
÷
3
=
5.6
0.007
0.014 X
Over 16 Hours 0.021 X
8-16 Hours
Ton/A from
Acres =
Grazing
Total Manure Applied by Grazing Horses =
Maximum Allowable Rate (from MMM Rates Table) =
Allowable Mechanical Application Rate =
7.7
Calculating Rates for Pastures
10 Ton/A is the maximum amount of
manure that can be applied mechanically
Calculating Rates for Pastures
Days on
Number of
Tons X
X
÷
Pasture
Horses
Less than 8
Hours
X
20
X
4
÷
3
=
.2
100
X
4
÷
3
=
1.9
200
X
4
÷
3
=
5.6
0.007
0.014 X
Over 16 Hours 0.021 X
8-16 Hours
Ton/A from
Acres =
Grazing
Total Manure Applied by Grazing Horses =
Maximum Allowable Rate (from MMM Rates Table) =
Allowable Mechanical Application Rate =
2.3 Ton/A is the maximum amount of
manure that can be applied mechanically
7.7
10
2.3
Crop Group
and Yield (a)
Manure
Group (b)
Application
Season (c )
Planned
Application
Rate from C,
NBS, PI * (d)
Incorporation
Timing
(e)
Commercial
Fertilizer
Application
Rate (f)
Fields where
this crop group
can be used (g)
Grass Hay (5
T/A)
Solid
Fall
15 T/A
No
Incorporation
N/A
123A, 123B
Pasture (3 T/A)
Solid
Grazing
2.3 T/A
No
Incorporation
N/A
Oak Tree and
Lane Pasture
Manure Management Plan Exercise – Pg. 6
FINISH COMPLETING PLAN SUMMARY
Winter Application
Operation Information Page (p.3)
•Winter Application (check yes or
no)
Winter definition:
•December 15 through February 28;
OR
•Anytime the ground is frozen at
least 4 inches;
OR
•Anytime that the ground is snow
covered
If yes, must complete Winter
Application Worksheet (p.5)
Winter Application Limits
• Maximum of 20 tons of solid &
5000 gal of liquid manure per acre
• At least 25% crop residue or
established cover crop
Cover Crop
• No application to fields with slopes
greater then 15%
• 100 ft setback to Environmentally
Sensitive Areas
Crop Residue
Winter Application Worksheet (p.5)
Winter application is discouraged (HIGH RISK OF LOSS)
Generate Farm Maps
8. Winter Manure Application Information
If you spread manure in winter:
• Average field slopes will
need to be identified
(NRCS Soil Survey Map
will meet requirements)
• Manure application setbacks
will need to be identified
on the map
Manure Management Plan Exercise – Pg. 3 & 4
COMPLETE WINTER
APPLICATION
WORK
SHEET
Penn State Equine
http://das.psu.edu/equine
Donna Foulk
[email protected]
(610) 746 -1970
Sarah Crooke
[email protected]
(610) 764-1970
Penn State Extension Nutrient Management Program
http://panutrientmgmt.cas.psu.edu
Penn State Extension Crop Management Team
http://Extension.psu.edu/CMEG
Douglas Beegle
[email protected]
(814) 863-1016
Jerry Martin
[email protected]
(717) 394-6851