Transcript PowerPoint-presentatie

IUFRO Division 5, Taiwan 2007
Forest Products Markets in Western
European Urbanized Society;
the Dutch experience
Nico A. Leek
Consultant wood market
Introduction
• Changes & developments in the roundwood
supply and demand in Western Europe
• Illustrated by the Dutch situation
• The Netherlands is a consumer country:
consumption
14 million m3 RWE
production
1 million m3
• In urbanized societies Agriculture, Forestry and
Nature conservation strongly influenced by
“urban votes”
Introduction
• Wood Supply influenced by increasing demand
for more natural forests
• International NGO’s and government have
pushed the forest certification process for SFM
and recently for legal origin  increased demand
for Certified Wood Products (CWP)
North Western Europe
Source: Nota Ruimte
2006
The Dutch Forest
Land use in The Netherlands
13%
Infrastructure and building
2%
13%
Recreation areas
Forest and nature areas
62%
10%
Water
Agriculture
Source: CBS
The Dutch Forest
Characteristics:
• Total area 360,000 ha
• Relative young
• Fragmented woodlots
• Species composition:
coniferous 54%
broadleaves 46%
Source: SBB
The Dutch Forest, urban areas in
2040
Source:
NotaRuimte2006:
The Dutch Forest
Forest area per inhabitant:
NL
0.022 hectare
UK
0.4
,,
SW
3.1
,,
Forest Management
Changes in Forest Management since 1980:
Before: wood production dominant with
monocultures and clearcut management in relative
young forests
After: Focus on natural processes for more natural
variety and improved recreational experience
 Forests exclusively for Nature Development
and Forests for Multiple Use
Nature Forest Management
• Originally started with non-intervention
• Later on interventions aiming at nature
development:
> grazing by cattle
> simulating storms (& wind damage)
> more dead trees
> more veteran trees
• In principle management without commercial
wood harvesting
Nature Forest Management
Nature Forest management
Nature Forest Management
Integrated Forest Management
(IFM)
IFM transforms the Dutch multiple use forests from
even-aged single species plantations into small
scale mixed, uneven-aged forests with native spp
Wood production of minor importance
Wood harvesting = management tool
Integrated Forest Management
IFM characteristics:
• Selective thinnings, no clearcuts
• Natural regeneration
• Uneven-aged and mixed
• More native, especially deciduous spp
• More dead wood (standing and on the ground)
• Large Dimensioned Trees
Integrated Forest Management
coniferous groupplanting in beech
Integrated Forest Management
‘before and after’
Integrated Forest Management
dead wood
Integrated Forest Management
‘before and after’
Dutch Forest Policy
“Nature for people, people for nature” 2001,
confirms the trends in Dutch forestry:
• Forestry embedded in the Dutch nature
conservation policy
• The recent policy supports SFM and strives at
70% of the forest area for multiple-use, 30% for
Nature conservation (without wood harvesting)
• Wood harvesting is relevant in relation with SFM
and as a part of multiple-use forests
Wood Harvesting
Results of 25 years of IFM:
• Improved ecology and nature values, increased
variation in forest structure
• Improved recreational benefits, nicer forests
• BUT: wood production and wood harvesting in
secondary position
Wood Harvesting
dustrial roundwood in million m3
2,0
1,5
consumption
1,0
0,5
removals
0,0
1970
1980
1990
2000
50-60% of annual increment is harvested
Wood Harvesting
How to create better opportunities for timber harvesting?
The Dutch Forest Based Industries sounded the alarm bell:
going East or is there still a future?
Together with the Ministry of Agriculture,
Nature and Food Quality a VISION ON
TIMBER HARVESTING was set up to
stimulate the use of wood from Dutch
woodlands (a set of actions)
Similar trends in Germany: in different Bundeslander cluster
studies show the importance of the Forest-Wood chain for
the German economy
Forest Certification
Sustainable Forest Management:
• Certification is an effective instrument to
communicate about sound Forest Management
including wood harvesting
• Sustainability not only implies care for social and
environmental aspects but also economic
profitability timber harvesting is very crucial
• SFM priority on the international agenda (UNFF7)
• In NL 140.000 hectares = 40% of the area
Certified Wood Products (CWP)
• Strong support for FSC by NGO’s and politicians
• The Netherlands: a FSC-country; FSC is known
by 67% of the public!
• Increasing demand for Certified Wood Products
stimulated by FSC and NGO’s
• Dutch Forest Based Industries: not only FSC but
also PEFC, CSA, SFI, MTCC….
Certified Wood Products
e: Probos 2006
Certified Wood Products
Dutch Timber Traders Association:
• In 2009 the origin of all the wood imported by
their members is known
• In 2009 75% of the wood imported by their
members is from certified forests
Dutch Public Procurement Policy:
• In 2010 public authorities will buy 100% CWP
• Similar developments in UK, Germany, Denmark
and Belgium
How to stimulate wood harvesting?
• The Forest Based Industries should consolidate
SFM and legal origin in the market (SFM
legitimates wood harvesting)
• Acceptation by managers and forest owners that
wood harvesting is an effective tool to enhance
biodiversity values
• Better cooperation between forest owners;
offering “full service contracts” for carrying out
timber harvesting operations
Wood for Renewable Energy
Immense additional demand for woody biomass in 2020:
NL:
14 million m3
EU:
340 – 420 million m3
200 – 260 million m3 deficit = 25% of forecasted
demand (EU study McKinsey, 2007)
Wood for Renewable Energy
McKinsey study:
To ensure enough supply of biomass, Europe will
have to significantly stimulate biomass production
and imports:
• Free up land for energy crop production
• Maximize mobilization of wood
• Facilitate overseas supplies
Great impacts on European agriculture and
environmental policies.
Conclusions I
• Society in Western Europe demands for more
‘Nature’ in the forest
• Area of forest NOT available for wood harvesting
will increase
• Area of forest that is not producing for the market
needs will increase
• Wood consumption will strongly increase,
especially for RES  significant deficit is
expected
Conclusions II
• The Netherlands:
- is a large importer
- own resource restricted
and limited- BUT 2,5 million m3 increment can
contribute substantial in improving self sufficiency
- HOWEVER increasing wood harvesting is complex
• Great need to reposition the role of wood harvesting in
Nature Oriented Forest Management.