Transcript Slide 1

Best Foot Forward Study
Leah Dorfman
Faculty Sponsor: Dr. Ingrid Lofgren
Problem Statement
• Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death
in the United States.
• Obesity and sedentary lifestyles are both major risk factors
for CHD.
• CHD is linked to several risk factors which can increase
ones risk for developing the disease.
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–
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Obesity
Physical Inactivity
Low fitness level
Glucose Intolerance
Background
• Many young adults have two or more risk factors, which
often go unrecognized and untreated.
– Young adults 18-24 years of age
• There is limited research regarding the combination of diet
and physical activity education for overweight and obese
college aged females who may be at risk for developing
CHD.
• The importance of this study is to determine
what screening tools can give information
about CHD risk in this specific population.
Background Continued
• Further research needs to be done in determining if there is
a relationship between VO2max and glucose intolerance for
CHD and what form of interventions would be successful to
modify these risk factors in order to prevent CHD.
– Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) :indicates an
increased cardiorespiratory fitness and training level.
– Average number of steps per day: serve as an indicator
of one’s physical activity level.
– Glucose intolerance: specifically linked to an increased
risk for diabetes mellitus.
Hypothesis
• If fitness level and physical activity are both negatively
associated with blood glucose concentrations, then
overweight/obese college females with low fitness and
physical activity levels will have elevated blood glucose
concentrations.
IF:
Low fitness and
physical
Activity Levels
THEN:
Elevated blood
glucose
concentrations
Full Study Time line
Self Taught
Intervention
Group
Randomized
Pre-Testing
50/50
Eight Week
Intervention
Intensive
Intervention
Group
Total: 10 Weeks
Post-Testing
My Focus: Pre -Testing
Body Composition:
BodPod
Dietary Recall:
2 Week Days
1 Weekend
Fasting Blood
Draw:
Blood Glucose
Maximal Oxygen
Consumption:
VO2max
Naughton-Balke Protocol
Physical Activity:
Physical Activity
Questionnaire
Short Form (IPAQ-S)
Randomization:
STIG or IIG
Methodology
• Anthropometric measurements:
– Height: Seca 220 stadiometer
– Weight: Seca 769 scale
– Waist Circumference: Gulick
fiberglass, non-stretchable tape
measure with tensometer
– Body Composition: BodPod
• Biochemical Measurements
– 12 hour fasting venous blood sample
– Glucose assessed via Wako Glucose
C2 Microtiter procedure
Methodology Continued
VO2max:
• Naughton-Balke protocol
- Marquette Series 2000 treadmill
- Begins at 0% grade with a constant speed of 3.3 mph,
percent grade increase 1% every minute until
volitional fatigue
- Concentrations and volumes of O2 and CO2 in
expired gases will be analyzed to determine
VO2max
• Blood Pressure:
– Pre, post, and during VO2max test.
Methodology Continued
Physical Activity Methodology:
• International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short
Form (IPAQ-S)
- 7-item questionnaire
- Adults within the age range 15-69 years
- Assesses levels of physical activity
• Yamax Digi-Walker SW-701 pedometer
- Consistently gives values within 3% of actual steps
taken
- Subjects randomized in IIG will be asked to increase
their steps by 25%
Subjects
Mean
26%
N
Age
BMI
% Body Fat
Waist Circumference
35
19.3
29.5
36.0
92.9
8%
26%
IPAQ Results
VO2max Results
Results
Means
# of Steps Per
Day
VO2max
Glucose
Concentrations
9235.1
31.2
 SD 5.1
125.9
•Statistics:
•Statistical Software: SPSS
•Statistic Used: Pearson Product Correlation
•Correlations: Glucose, Number of Steps, IPAQ, and VO2max
Correlations
Physical
Activity
IPAQ
walking
IPAQ
moderate
IPAQ
vigorous
# of Steps
Correlations
with Glucose
-.035
.219
-.249
-.474
Physical
Fitness
VO2max
Correlations
with Glucose
-.113
Conclusion
• To restate my hypothesis:
– If fitness level and physical activity are both
negatively associated with blood glucose
concentrations, then overweight/obese college
females with low fitness and physical activity
levels will have elevated blood glucose
concentrations.
• Our results imply that there are negative correlations
between IPAQ walking, IPAQ vigorous, # of steps,
and VO2max. (All except for IPAQ moderate).
– Although these negative correlations were not considered
statistically significant at the .05 alpha level.
THANK YOU!!!
Acknowledgements:
Dr. Ingrid LofgrenI have learned so much this semester. You were an amazing faculty
sponsor. Thank you for being so thorough and supportive every step
of the way!
Chelsea SmithThank you so much for mentoring me this semester. This project never
would have happened without all of your help, friendship, & support!
Emily CookThank you for all your help, instruction, and patience in teaching me to
test blood, which was something so out of my element.
Honors Program FacultyThank you for an amazing past four years!