Transcript The civil war - Rocklin Unified School District
THE CIVIL WAR
1861-1865
The Declaration of Independence Had Condemned Slavery
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What If The Declaration of Independence Had Condemned Slavery?
Read pages 116–117 of your textbook and answer the questions on the following slides.
The Declaration of Independence Had Condemned Slavery
1. Why do you think Thomas Jefferson, who was a slaveholder, wanted to include this paragraph?
The Declaration of Independence Had Condemned Slavery 2. Would the course of American history have changed significantly if the Declaration of Independence had included Jefferson’s statement? If so, how? If not, why not?
Possible reasons: the colonies may not have united to throw off British rule, individual colonies may have struggled for their own independence, or slavery may have ended sooner than it actually did.
CA
HI2, HI3, HI4
Why did the founders not make provisions in the constitution?
It was a dying practice at the time!
Until the invention of the cotton gin in 1793 by Eli Whitney Made southern plantations larger and had more of a need for slave labor They called it a “necessary evil” Made slavery part of southern culture and increased the population
Society after Independence
Second Great Awakening and social reform
Changes in rehabilitation-hospitals and prisons
Temperance movement-prohibition Women’s rights-suffrage movement
Public education instituted
Abolition movement
American Expansion/Missouri Compromise of 1820
Conflict between north and south when states were added to American territory Would the new state be a free or slave state?
Missouri Compromise, 1820 Compromise that made Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state
Deep Rooted Differences
North South Abolitionists Slavery
Vocal northerners who called The 1/3 population who For immediate freedom and claimed they needed Political rights for blacks slavery for the ag. based economy. Thought it would bring chaos to the south.
North South Industry/city Cotton/Ag./country
1860 northern states South's provided 3/4 contained 4/5 of U.S. of worlds cotton. No factories and 2/3 of cities needed or Nations R.R. mileage wanted.
Progress/ Change Tradition
People were forced to Well-mannered and proud change due to industry. of their traditional slow Embraced change and way of life. No need for the future. Change in their society.
North Union Preservation South States Rights
States did not have the Believed the Union right to break up the was a collection of greatest democratic sovereign states. experiment the world Viewed the North has ever known. as invaders, so they left the union.
Compromise of 1850
Gave Texas $10 million to abandon eastern New Mexico territory New Mexico was split into two territories and made slave or free by popular sovereignty basis Made California a free state Expansion of slavery still unsolved
II.
Slavery and Western Expansion (pages 195 –198)
Dred Scott Decision, 1854
Dred Scott, a slave moved to a free state, Illinois, with his master His master died and he sued for freedom The case reached the supreme court and he denied a hearing because he was not a citizen This outraged abolitionists
Kansas/Nebraska Act(1854)
Act organized Kansas and Nebraska to be divided into territories on the basis of popular sovereignty. The new states would be received into the Union with or without slavery, as outlined in their state constitution at the time of their admission. Northerners quickly moved to the territory to create an antislavery majority. Pro-slavery Missourians also hurried to Kansas. They voted illegally to elect a pre-slavery legislature. In response, antislavery settlers held a convention and wrote a constitution that excluded slavery. Then, Kansas had two governments This later led to the John’s Brown raid and the first bloodshed of the Civil War.
Emancipation Proclamation
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Slaves within any state, or designated part of a state… shall be forever free. January 1 st , 1863 During the Civil War.
This was the Forefather for the 13 th Amendment outlawing slavery in1865.
200,000 slaves left the South to fight alongside the union troops in the North.
Main Cause of Civil War was slavery
Federal economics, also about power State vs.
Reconstruction 1865-1877
Arguable that the Civil Rights movement started after Civil War and is still happening today.
Lincoln’s goal was to reconcile with the S., instead of punishing if for treason. Originally became more of a battle of who had power the Congress (states) or the President ( Federal). 1 st Reconstruction Act set up military districts to enforce Federal laws.
13 th Amendment (1865) abolished slavery.
14 th Amendment All person except Native American Indians citizenship. Enabled “due process” under law. 15 th Amendment all citizens could vote.
Reconstruction Overview
Southern states allowed back into the Union with ratification of New Constitution including 13, 14 and 15 Amendments. Once ratified federal troops withdrew.
Civil Rights Act of 1875 Gave all people equal accommodations under the law: Inns, RR, Boats, Theaters, Not Schools 1883 it was declared unconstitutional because it lacked federal backing.
Power Struggle-Johnson (federal) vs. Congress (State)
Johnson vs. Congress
Northerners wanted to reconstruct south
Southerners wanted revenge against the north
Nothing to do with Civil rights.
Impeachment 1 vote short (35-19) of removing him from office.
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (R) 1868
Several southern supremacy groups unhappy with policies of Reconstruction.
KKK patterned after college fraternity (Kappa Alpha) sheets represented the confederate dead. They basically became a terrorists group.
Lead to “force bills” violating civil rights became a federal offense.
Between 1882-1901 some 2000 African-Americans were lynched
Supremacy Groups
Compromise of 1877 Reconstruction Ended
Broken Promises
Flawed Electoral College Tilden received 51% of vote. (184 electoral votes) Hayes received 48% of vote. (166 electoral votes) 19 votes still to be decided. Republicans gave votes to Hayes in exchange for the removal of Federal Troops.
No federal troops to enforce laws everything went backwards thus ending reconstruction.