Transcript Reproduction: Mitosis and Meiosis

Reproduction:
Mitosis and Meiosis
EOC Review
Parent & Daughter Cells
• Cells come from pre-existing cells
• Parent cells divide to produce daughter cells
Chromosomes
• Store genetic information, made of DNA and
protein
• Karyotype: shows normal number of
chromosomes in each cell
Questions
• How many chromosomes
are in the karyotype?
• How many pairs of
chromosomes?
• Is subject male or
female?
• Which are homologous?
Comparing Mitosis & Meiosis
MITOSIS
Purpose of Process
Number of Daughter Cells
Produced
Number of Chromosomes
in Parent Cell (Human)
Daughter Cells Diploid
(2n)
Or Haploid (n)?
Daughter Cells
Genetically Identical to
Parent?
Daughter Cells
Genetically Identical to
Each Other?
MEIOSIS
Types of Reproduction
• Sexual: union of 2 germ cells (gametes) by
fertilization
– 50% of DNA from each parent
• Asexual: reproduction that does not involve
fusion of gametes
– Progeny identical to parents
Sexual Reproduction
• Advantages:
genetic
recombination
• Disadvantages:
energy and effort
Asexual Reproduction
• Cloning: process of producing identical
organisms
• Budding: method of sexual reproduction in
which juvenile grows out of adult
• Binary fission: used by bacteria, cell is split
into two identical cells
Asexual Reproduction: Budding
Asexual Reproduction: Binary fission
1. Which of these is not a difference between
mitosis and meiosis?
A) Mitosis results in two cells; meiosis results in four.
B) Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction; meiosis is
a form of sexual reproduction.
C) Mitosis produces cells with a full set of
chromosomes; meiosis produces cells with a half set
of chromosomes.
D) Mitosis occurs only in multicellular organisms such
as paramecia; meiosis occurs only in multicellular
organisms such as humans.
1. Which of these is not a difference between
mitosis and meiosis?
A) Mitosis results in two cells; meiosis results in four.
B) Mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction; meiosis is
a form of sexual reproduction.
C) Mitosis produces cells with a full set of
chromosomes; meiosis produces cells with a half set
of chromosomes.
D) Mitosis occurs only in multicellular organisms such
as paramecia; meiosis occurs only in multicellular
organisms such as humans.
2. The American buffalo has cells containing 60
chromosomes. How many chromosomes are
in each sperm cell of an American buffalo?
A) 120
B) 60
C) 30
D) 15
2. The American buffalo has cells containing 60
chromosomes. How many chromosomes are
in each sperm cell of an American buffalo?
A) 120
B) 60
C) 30
D) 15
3. Which sex will a person be if the father has
contributed an X chromosome?
A) male, no matter what
B) female, no matter what
C) male, if the mother contributes an X
D) female, if the mother contributes a Y
3. Which sex will a person be if the father has
contributed an X chromosome?
A) male, no matter what
B) female, no matter what
C) male, if the mother contributes an X
D) female, if the mother contributes a Y
4. Which of these is an advantage of sexual
reproduction?
A) It creates variation within a population.
B) It creates offspring that are well-adapted
to the environment.
C) It creates offspring that are identical to its
parents.
D) It ensures no variation within a
population.
4. Which of these is an advantage of sexual
reproduction?
A) It creates variation within a population.
B) It creates offspring that are well-adapted
to the environment.
C) It creates offspring that are identical to its
parents.
D) It ensures no variation within a
population.
5.
Which of these correctly represents the process of meiosis?
A)
B)
C)
D)
5. Which of these correctly represents the process
of meiosis?
A)
B)
C)
D)