Transcript GARLIC AND HEALTH PROJECT

European project « 5th
PCRDT »
GARLIC AND
HEALTH
Second year progress report
Half year meeting
4-5 october 2001
Partner P8 CIRAD-FLHOR
Scientific and
administrative team
L. FEREOL scientist
R. HUGON administrative
officer
S. CAUSSE technical assistant
17/07/2015
Objectives
Development of somatic
embryogenesis
Morphological, physiological and
Genetic characterisation of
plantlets from somatic embryos
Research activities
SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS CYCLE IN GARLIC
Culture suspension
In vitro flowering
GN
Embryogenic
callus
Induction and development of embryos
organogenesis
Young leaf explant
Embryos Germination
acclimatisation
Plant development
Somatic embryo
17/07/2015
Cell suspension
17/07/2015
Work plan
Development of somatic
embryogenesis procedure for four
varieties
Rouge Reunion
Messidrome
Morasol
Printanor
Production and provision to P9 of
somatic embryos obtained via
callus and culture suspension of
these varieties
Work plan
(continue)
Characterisation of plants from
somatic embryo by :
flow cytometry (by P8)
biochemistry (by P5)
molecular markers (by P1)
morphological and physiological
analyses (by P8, P9)
Milestones of the
first and second
year
Embryogenesis via Calli
Production of calli with embryogenic
tissue (on the four cv.)
Done for the cv. Rouge Reunion
Messidrome, Morasol and Printanor
Production and germination of
embryos from these calli (of the four
cv.)
Done for Rouyge Réunion, Messidrome
and Morasol
Provision to P9 of 200 plantlets from
somatic embryos via callus of three cv.
Done for cv. Rouge Reunion
Messidrome and Morasol,
Somatic embryogenesis
development from young
leaf explant
cultiva %
rs
callus
%
emb.
callus
35
%
callus
with
g.e.
70
Mean
Nb. of
embry
os
12
RR
85
MES
95
28
68
4
MOL
95
52
75
6
PRI
97
43
% callus = % explant with callus
% emb.callus= % explant showing embryogenic callus
%callus with g.e.= %embryogenic callus showing globular embryos
Mean nb of embryos= mean number of mature embryos converted in
plantlets per 150mg of fresh weight productive callus
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Some Histological
aspect showing
monocellular origin of
these somatic embryo
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Milestones of the
first and second
year (continue)
Embryogenesis via cell
suspension
Initiation of cell suspension from
embryogenic calli of the four cv.
Rouge Reunion, Messidrome,
Morasol and Printanor
Done for Rouge Reunion, Messidrome,
Morasol
production of embryos from
these cell suspension
Done for Rouge Reunion, Messidrome and
Morasol
17/07/2015
Research to a suitable
material for Initiation of
cell suspension
Compact nodular callus
Semi friable nodular
callus
Friable embryogenic callus
Suitable for cell suspenion
17/07/2015
Milestones of the
first and second
year (continue)
Cell suspension (continue)
Provision to P9 of 200 plantlets
from somatic embryos via cell
suspension of cv. Rouge
Reunion, Morasol and
Messidrome
Done for Rouge Reunion and Morasol
17/07/2015
Milestones of the
first and second
year (continue)
Analyses and characterisation of
plantlets coming from somatic
embryos, cv. Rouge Reunion
Flow cytometry
 Done
Molecular markers, AFLP analyses (by
P1)
Done
Biochemistry (dry matter and sulphur
contents by P5)
Will be done
Morphological and physiological
notations (by P8 and P9)
Partly done
17/07/2015
Deliverables
Paper DP 5: Regeneration and
acclimatisation of garlic plants
(Allium sativum L.) from
embryogenic callus
L. Fereol, V.Chovelon, S.Causse
and N.Michaux-Ferriere
In progress, to be submited soon
Paper DP 5
et
a
c
b
a
prot
b
ge
ge
d
pd
e
f
c
d
ra
sa
ra
g
i
h
g
h
i
f
j
Fig 2. Plant regeneration via somatic embryo from nodular callus of garlic (Allium sativum)
g
h
(a) nodular callus with embryogenic tissue (et). (b)histological section of tissue with
meristematic and embryonic cells. (c) Isolated embryogenic cells showing protein reserves
(prot). (d-g) morphological (d) and histological (e-g) aspect of globular somatic embryos (ge).
(e) pro globular embryo developed after 4 weeks in medium EIM. (f) globular embryo imbed
in the peripheral layer of nods, protoderm (pd). (g) isolated globular embryo. (h) matured
somatic embryo on the surface of an embryogenic callus, developed in medium EDM after 4
weeks of culture. (i) histological section of a mature embryo, showing shoot (sa) and root (ra)
apex. (j) converted plantlets from somatic embryos.
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Bar =
m (
);
mm (
)