Transcript Document

GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT DESIGN
Phuong Pham
PhD Candidate
Gender and Development Studies/SERD/AIT
What is Gender Mainstreaming?
Why do we need Gender
Mainstreaming?
Objectives of Gender Mainstreaming?
How to do Gender Mainstreaming?
What is gender mainstreaming???
Mainstreaming a gender perspective is a strategy for
making the concerns and experiences of women as
well as of men an integral part of the design,
implementation, monitoring and evaluation of
policies and programmes in all political, economic and
societal spheres, so that women and men benefit
equally, and inequality is not perpetuated. The
ultimate goal of mainstreaming is to achieve gender
equality
July 1997, the United Nations Economic and Social
Council (ECOSOC)
What is Gender Mainstreaming?
Gender mainstreaming is a strategy developing policies,
legislation, programs, project, society and community’s
development plans from gender der equality
perspective in order benefit both women and men.
Why do we need Gender Mainstreaming?
Gender
differentiated
division of labour
Society and
family’s gender
differentiated
expectations and
Gender
Inequity
Gender differentiated
needs, interests, etc.
Gender inequity related issues
Gender division of labour
Gender division of labour
Society and family’s gender differentiated
expectations and
Objectives of mainstreaming gender issues projects
• Reduce gender inequities that may exist in a given project
area;
• Ensure women and men’s specific needs are satisfied,
that they benefit from the project and that the project
impacts positively on their lives;
• Create the conditions for the equitable access of men and
women to project resources and benefits;
• Create the conditions for the equitable participation in
project implementation and decision making processes.
Three level of Gender Maistreaming
- At legislation, policies, strategies level
- At organization, department level
- At household, family level
Law of Gender Equity
Gender equity is achieved when women and men have
equal roles and positions, are provided equal conditions,
opportunities in developing their abilities for the
development of community, family, and equally benefit
from development’s achievement
GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT CYCLE
Analysis
Problem
Identification/Need
assessment
Monitoring
and
Evaluation
Project
planning
Implementation
CASE STUDIES- Milk production project in Nepal
Project planning (1)
Goal
Objectives
Results
To improve
the living
conditions of
people,
especially
women in
poor
communities
in Danang city
1. To develop
the employment
opportunities for
both women
and men of
target group
- Level of
education of
both women
and men in the
target area is
improved
- The vocational
skills of both
women and
men in the
target area are
improved
Indicator Resources
s
Project planning (2)
Goal
Objectives
Results
To improve
the living
conditions of
people,
especially
women in
poor
communities
in Danang city
2. To improve
economic
opportunities
for both
women and
men of the
target group
- Micro credit
program is
developed for the
target group,
especially women
- The capacity and
skills in running
business of target
group, especially
women is
increased
Indicator Resources
s
Monitoring and Evaluation
INDICATORS
SMART
S
Specific
Indicator has to be specific. It must be
translated into operational terms and made
visible
M
Measureable
Indicator has to be quantifiable, can be
aggregated, and allow further statistical
analysis of the data
A
Achievable
Indicators must be attainable at reasonable
cost using appropriate method
R
Relevant
Indicators should be relevant to the
management information needs of the
people who will use the data
t
Time bound
Result or outcome being measured has a
target date
Monitoring and Evaluation
INDICATORS
General indicators
Gender sensitive indicators
Number of participants attended
training
Number of women and men attended
the training
Number of farmers are able to do the
farming with new technology
Number of female and male farmers
are able to do the farming with new
technology
The staffs are competent enough to
perform the task
Female and male staffs are equally
competent enough to perform the tasks
Number of director and deputy
director of provincial department
Number of female and male director
and deputy director of provincial
department
To achieve its objectives regarding gender…
● there is a strategy for mainstreaming gender;
● staff have an awareness of gender sensitive issues;
● the project incorporates methods which will facilitate the
participation of both men and women;
● the monitoring and evaluation system incorporates gender
disaggregated data and provides gender impact indicators;
● adequate human and financial resources are available.
What to expect in a successful gender
mainstreaming project
- Equal participation by men and women in the decision-making
processes for setting priorities and allocating resources
- Equal access to and control over society’s opportunities,
resources and development outcomes by women and men
- Equal recognition and status for men and women
- Women and men enjoy equal human rights
- Equal improvements in and standards of quality of life for
women and men
Crucial elements of a successful gender
mainstreaming project
● strengthening of gender aspects both conceptually and
operationally in all project components
● the need to define strategies for operationalizing gender
issues;
● the need to define participatory strategies, practical tools
and viable action plans for incorporating gender aspects in
project components and subcomponents;
● the need to develop and adjust training programmes in
gender at project coordination unit, beneficiary and
intermediary levels the need to identify gender sensitive
indicators for project monitoring and evaluation;
● the need for projects to offer more profitable productive
activities for both men and women
Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming (1)
• Adequate accountability mechanisms for monitoring progress
need to be established.
• The initial identification of issues and problems across all area(s)
of activity should be such that gender differences and disparities
can be diagnosed.
• Assumptions that issues or problems are neutral from a genderequality perspective should never be made.
• Gender analysis should always be carried out.
Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming (2)
• Clear political will and allocation of adequate resources for
mainstreaming, including additional financial and human
resources if necessary, are important for translation of the
concept into practice.
• Gender mainstreaming requires that efforts be made to
broaden women's equitable participation at all levels of decisionmaking.
• Mainstreaming does not replace the need for targeted, womenspecific policies and programmes, and positive legislation; nor
does it do away with the need for gender units or focal points
CASE STUDIES – Successful example of gender
mainstreaming project
- Case study in Ninh Binh – cho phụ nữ hộ nghèo vay vốn
tín dụng
Exercise
The Co Tu in Quang Nam province
- Gender issues: highly patriarchal, women do all the all,
women are not involved in decision making process. Men
used to do hunting but it’s no longer legal.
- Major livelihoods: upland shifting cultivation, NTFPs
gathering
- High poverty rate
=> design a gender mainstreaming livelihood improvement
project