Transcript Slide 1

ibm.com
AIX 5L Implementation on i5
IBM Eserver iSeries ITSO Technical
Forum
LP14
Yessong Johng
International Technical Support Organization
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
© 2004 IBM Corporation
Acknowledgement
• Contributors to the contents covered in this
presentation include:
– Vess Natchev
– Dave Boutcher
• I also want to acknowledge the help of redbook
authors including:
–
–
–
–
–
Fredy Cruz
Martin Balaz
Maciej Jedrzejczak
Grant Wang
Jim Dounis
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Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
•
AIX Primer
AIX on i5 Introduction
System Overview
Sizing and Pricing
Planning for AIX on i5
Doing the Install
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AIX 5L Overview
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AIX 5L
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Robust scalable UNIX platform (i5 and p5)
Strong Linux affinity
e-business and network computing
Security platform
System and Network management
Industry platform
Service and support
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AIX Kernel
• Closest OS/400 concept: SLIC
• 64 and 32 bit switchable kernel
• Controls programs that run in AIX processes
User’s Programs: Processes
Kernel
64 bit Hardware
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User Interface
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Shell
• Closest OS/400 concept: Command entry line
• Command interpreter
– Waits for input, executes commands or programs, and produces
outputs
•
•
•
•
User needs to be authenticated by UID and password
‘man’ – like OS/400 F4 for help text
Programming language: Shell scripts – like OS/400’s CLP
AIX standard shell is Korn shell (ksh)
– Other shells include Bourne (bsh) and C (csh) shells
# pwd
/home/team01
# whoami
team01
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Commands
# command
# man
flags
-k
arguments
calendar
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Help
F1
man
man
Recall command
F9
‘set –o vi’ then ‘k’
Up arrow
Cancel
F12/F3
<Ctrl-c>
<Ctrl-c>
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Common Desktop Environment
(CDE)
• Integrated graphical user interface
• Command in xWindow
#/usr/dt/bin/dtlogin –daemon
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File Systems
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File System
• Closest OS/400 concept: IFS
• Three types of file systems supported on
AIX
– Journaled File System: JFS
– Network File System: NFS
– CD-ROM File System: CDRFS
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Creating a File System
# smit crjfs
Add a Journaled File System
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add a Standard Journaled File System
Add a Compressed Journaled File System
Add a Large File Enabled Journaled File System
F1=Help
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F10=Exit
F3=Cancel
Enter=Do
F8=Image
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Creating a File System
Add a Journaled File System
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add a Standard Journaled File System
Add a Compressed Journaled File System
Add a Large File Enabled Journaled File System
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦
Volume Group Name
¦
¦
¦
¦ Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
¦
¦
¦
¦
rootvg
¦
¦
¦
¦ F1=Help
F2=Refresh
F3=Cancel
¦
¦ F8=Image
F10=Exit
Enter=Do
¦
F1¦ /=Find
n=Find Next
¦
F9+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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Creating a File System
Add a Standard Journaled File System
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
rootvg
Volume group name
SIZE of file system
Unit Size
*
Number of units
* MOUNT POINT
Mount AUTOMATICALLY at system restart?
PERMISSIONS
Mount OPTIONS
Start Disk Accounting?
Fragment Size (bytes)
Number of bytes per inode
Allocation Group Size (MBytes)
Logical Volume for Log
F1=Help
F5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
Megabytes
[500]
[/mnt/fs01]
no
read/write
[]
no
4096
4096
8
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
+
#
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
F4=List
F8=Image
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Hierarchical Structure
•
/usr/bin
– User commands such as ls, cat,
date
•
– Special files that represent devices
/(root)
usr
dev
/dev
•
home sbin
/home
– Contains user login directories and
files
etc
var tmp
•
/sbin
– System utilities for system startup
•
bin
grant
/etc
– System configuration files used by
system administrators
fredy
•
/var
– Contains files that dynamically
change
•
/tmp
– Holds files that are temporarily
needed or created by applications
and programs
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Mounting file systems
smit mountfs
Mount a File System
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
FILE SYSTEM name
DIRECTORY over which to mount
TYPE of file system
FORCE the mount?
REMOTE NODE containing the file system
to mount
Mount as a REMOVABLE file system?
Mount as a READ-ONLY system?
Disallow DEVICE access via this mount?
Disallow execution of SUID and sgid programs
in this file system?
[Entry Fields]
[/dev/lv00]
[]
F1=Help
F5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
no
[]
no
no
no
no
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
+
+
+
+
F4=List
F8=Image
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+
+
+
+
Displaying mounted file systems
# mount
node
mounted
-------- --------------/dev/hd4
/dev/hd2
/dev/hd9var
/dev/hd3
/dev/hd1
/proc
/dev/hd10opt
#
mounted over
--------------/
/usr
/var
/tmp
/home
/proc
/opt
vfs
-----jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
procfs
jfs2
date
-----------Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
Sep 14 21:47
options
--------------rw,log=/dev/hd8
rw,log=/dev/hd8
rw,log=/dev/hd8
rw,log=/dev/hd8
rw,log=/dev/hd8
rw
rw,log=/dev/hd8
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File Types
• Ordinary: text or binary file
– Closest OS/400 concept: *PFM
– Closest OS/400 concept: *PGM
• Directory: TOC – a list of files within that
directory
– Closest OS/400 concept: *LIB
• Special Files: HW or logical devices
– Closest OS/400 concept: *DEV
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File Types
aix1:/home/balaz >ls -al
total 152
-rw------1 root
system
---x--x--1 root
system
---x--x--1 root
system
---x--x--1 root
system
---x--x--1 root
system
---x--x--1 8
system
---x--x--1 root
system
drwxrwxr-x
4 root
system
drwxrwxr-x
2 root
system
d--x--x--6 root
system
-rw-rw-r-1 root
system
-rw-rw-r-1 root
system
-rw-rw-r-1 root
system
-rw-rw-r-1 root
system
aix1:/home/balaz >
100
1055
20
1160
4687
2164
4597
256
256
4096
21797
2584
291
3776
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
Sep
27
27
10
13
10
27
10
10
10
10
27
14
14
14
11:55
17:40
13:58
10:46
13:58
17:40
13:58
15:52
16:14
16:14
17:40
14:49
14:49
16:43
.Xauthority
.bash_history
.exrc
.kshrc
.profile
.sh_history
.xinitrc
benches
cfgdata
scripts
smit.log
smit.script
smit.transaction
smtctl_man.out
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File Management: Commands
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Listing files
WRKLNK,
WRKOBJ
ls
ls
Change current
directory
-CHGCURLIB for
QSYS.LIB
-cd for IFS
cd
cd
Renaming files
RNMOBJ, rnm
mv
mv
Copy files
CRTDUPOBJ, cpy
cp
cp
Display the
contents of files
DSPPFM
cat, pg, more
cat, pg, more
Relocating files
MOVOBJ, mov
mv
mv
Removing files
DLTF, del, erase
rm
rm
mkdir
mkdir
Creating directories CRTLIB, mkdir
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User Management
and
File Security
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What is a User
• OS/400 - *USRPRF
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Password definition
List of owned objects
Group associations, User ID (UID) and Group ID (GID)
Home directory for IFS
Current library and library list via *JOBD (job description)
Special permissions (*SECADM, *ALLOBJ, *IOSYSCFG, etc)
Initial Program and initial menu
A "user" can be either a person or a program or other entity.
• AIX - UID
– Each user is associated with a primary group and can belong to one or more
secondary groups
– User-Name
– Password definition
– User ID (UID)
– Primary Group ID (GID)
– Full Name or Description
– Path to home directory
– Path to shell
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User Management: Critical Files
• OS/400
– All user profiles are stored as objects (*USRPRF)
in QSYS
– Should be backed up using Save Security Data
(SAVSECDTA) command
• AIX
– /etc/passwd: base user definitions
– /etc/security/passwd: encrypted user passwords
• In Linux, this is /etc/shadow
– /etc/group: group definitions
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Creating an User using smit
Add a User
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[TOP]
* User NAME
User ID
ADMINISTRATIVE USER?
Primary GROUP
Group SET
ADMINISTRATIVE GROUPS
ROLES
Another user can SU TO USER?
SU GROUPS
HOME directory
Initial PROGRAM
User INFORMATION
EXPIRATION date (MMDDhhmmyy)
[MORE...38]
F1=Help
Esc+5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
[Entry Fields]
[grant]
[]
false
[]
[]
[]
[]
true
[ALL]
[]
[]
[]
[0]
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
#
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
F4=List
F8=Image
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Changing an User using smit
Change / Show Characteristics of a User
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[TOP]
* User NAME
User ID
ADMINISTRATIVE USER?
Primary GROUP
Group SET
ADMINISTRATIVE GROUPS
ROLES
Another user can SU TO USER?
SU GROUPS
HOME directory
Initial PROGRAM
User INFORMATION
EXPIRATION date (MMDDhhmmyy)
[MORE...38]
F1=Help
Esc+5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
[Entry Fields]
grantw
[203]
false
[staff]
[staff]
[]
[]
true
[ALL]
[/home/grantw]
[/usr/bin/ksh]
[]
[0]
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
#
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
F4=List
F8=Image
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User Management Commands
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Adding users
CRTUSRPRF
mkuser
useradd
Changing password CHGPWD
passwd
passwd
Deleting users
DLTUSRPRF
rmuser
Userdel
Changing user
attributes
CHGUSRPRF
chuser
usermod
Adding groups
CRTUSRPRF
mkgroup
groupadd
Removing groups
DLTUSRPRF
rmgroup
groupdel
Modifying group
definition
CHGUSRPRF
chgroup, chown
groupmod
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File Permissions
• For an ordinary file:
– r: Can look at the contents of a file
– w: Can change or delete the contents of a file
– x: Can use the file name as a command (‘r’ is also needed)
• For a directory:
– r: Can find out what files are in the directory
– w: Can create/remove files in the directory (‘x’ is also needed)
– x: Has permission to be in the directory
• rwx
user
(*USRPRF)
# ls -al
drwxrwxr-x
-rwxr-----rwxrwxr-x
rwx
group
rwx
others
(*GRP)
(*Public)
team01
team01
team01
staff
staff
staff
512
254
1024
Mar 27
Mar 27
Mar 27
16:49
16:53
17:04
home
.profile
mypgm
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chmod: Octal Notation
• File and directory permissions can be specified in the
symbolic syntax or as an octal number.
• chmod … Change file permissions:
– # chmod 764 myfile
– Closest OS/400 command: EDTOBJAUT
Symbolic
Octal
User
Group
Others
rwx
rw-
r--
4+2+1
4+2+0
4+0+0
7
6
4
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File Security: Commands
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Change object
permissions
WRKOBJ option 2
or
EDTOBJAUT
chmod
chmod
Change object
ownership
CHGOBJOWN
chown
chown
Change object
group ownership
CHGOBJPGP
chgrp
chgrp
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Disk Storage Management: LVM
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Logical volume storage
Concepts
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Listing Physical Volumes
aix1:/etc >lspv
hdisk0
00c8a36cd161fb27
hdisk1
00005264d21adb2e
# lsdev -Cc disk
hdisk0 Available
hdisk1 Available
hdisk2 Available
hdisk3 Available
hdisk4 Available
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
Virtual
rootvg
none
SCSI
SCSI
SCSI
SCSI
SCSI
Disk
Disk
Disk
Disk
Disk
active
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
Drive
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Listing physical volumes
characteristics
# lspv hdisk0
PHYSICAL VOLUME:
PV IDENTIFIER:
PV STATE:
STALE PARTITIONS:
PP SIZE:
TOTAL PPs:
FREE PPs:
USED PPs:
FREE DISTRIBUTION:
USED DISTRIBUTION:
hdisk0
00c8a36cfd720517
active
0
16 megabyte(s)
557 (8912 megabytes)
443 (7088 megabytes)
114 (1824 megabytes)
111..78..31..111..112
01..33..80..00..00
VOLUME GROUP:
VG IDENTIFIER
rootvg
00c8a36c00004c00000000ff03edc2a7
ALLOCATABLE:
LOGICAL VOLUMES:
VG DESCRIPTORS:
HOT SPARE:
MAX REQUEST:
yes
10
2
no
128 kilobytes
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Listing LVs within a PV
# lspv -l hdisk1
hdisk1:
LV NAME
lv01
lv00
loglv00
hd10opt
hd1
hd3
hd9var
hd2
hd4
hd8
hd6
hd5
#
LPs
188
1
1
10
1
2
1
64
1
1
32
1
PPs
188
1
1
10
1
2
1
64
1
1
32
1
DISTRIBUTION
103..85..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
10..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
02..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
64..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
32..00..00..00..00
01..00..00..00..00
MOUNT POINT
/mnt/fs01
/home/mnt
N/A
/opt
/home
/tmp
/var
/usr
/
N/A
N/A
N/A
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Listing Volume Group
# lsvg rootvg
VOLUME GROUP:
VG STATE:
VG PERMISSION:
MAX LVs:
LVs:
OPEN LVs:
TOTAL PVs:
STALE PVs:
ACTIVE PVs:
MAX PPs per VG:
MAX PPs per PV:
LTG size (Dynamic):
HOT SPARE:
#
rootvg
active
read/write
256
10
8
2
0
2
32512
1016
128 kilobyte(s)
no
VG IDENTIFIER:
PP SIZE:
TOTAL PPs:
FREE PPs:
USED PPs:
QUORUM:
VG DESCRIPTORS:
STALE PPs:
AUTO ON:
00c8a36c00004c00000000ff03edc2a7
16 megabyte(s)
1114 (17824 megabytes)
1000 (16000 megabytes)
114 (1824 megabytes)
2
3
0
no
MAX PVs:
AUTO SYNC:
BB POLICY:
32
no
relocatable
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Listing LVs within a VG
# lsvg -l rootvg
rootvg:
LV NAME
hd5
hd6
hd8
hd4
hd2
hd9var
hd3
hd1
hd10opt
loglv00
#
TYPE
boot
paging
jfs2log
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfs2
jfslog
LPs
1
32
1
1
64
1
2
1
10
1
PPs
1
32
1
1
64
1
2
1
10
1
PVs
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
LV STATE
closed/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
open/syncd
closed/syncd
MOUNT POINT
N/A
N/A
N/A
/
/usr
/var
/tmp
/home
/opt
N/A
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LVM Commands
# mklv newlv rootvg 10
# extendlv newlv 3
# mkvg myvg hdisk1 hdisk5
# extendvg newvg hdisk3
# reducevg myvg hdisk3
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Network Management
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Network: Concepts
•
•
Both AIX and OS/400 use TCP/IP as their primary communications method
Both provide many network infrastructure services
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
DHCP
DNS
Firewall functions (NAT, filters, VPN)
File and print servers
Mail
NFS
etc.
TCP/IP can be configured using commands or via a GUI
Initialization daemons at boot time in /etc/rc.tcpip
–
–
–
–
–
–
inetd
gated
routed
named
timed
rwhod
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Network Configuration:
New adapter using smit chgenet
Change / Show Characteristics of an Ethernet Adapter
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Ethernet Adapter
Description
Status
Location
Enable ALTERNATE ETHERNET address
ALTERNATE ETHERNET address
Minimum Tiny Buffers
Maximum Tiny Buffers
Minimum Small Buffers
Maximum Small Buffers
Maximum Medium Buffers
Maximum Medium Buffers
Minimum Large Buffers
Maximum Large Buffers
Minimum Huge Buffers
Maximum Huge Buffers
Transmit Copy Buffers
Transmit Copy Buffer Size
Trace Debug Enable
Apply change to DATABASE only
F1=Help
F5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
ent0
Virtual I/O Ethernet Ad>
Available
no
[0x000000000000]
[512]
[2048]
[512]
[2048]
[128]
[256]
[24]
[64]
[24]
[64]
[32]
[65536]
no
no
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
+
+
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+#
+
+
F4=List
F8=Image
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Network Configuration:
A new interface using smit inet
Add a Network Interface
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add an ATM Network Interface
Add a Standard Ethernet Network Interface
Add an IEEE 802.3 Network Interface
Add a Token-Ring Network Interface
Add a Serial Line INTERNET Network Interface
Add a Serial Optical Network Interface
Add a FDDI Network Interface
Add a Virtual IP Address Interface
Add a Fibre Channel Network Interface
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦
Available Network Interfaces
¦
¦
¦
¦ Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
¦
¦
¦
¦
en0
¦
¦
¦
¦ F1=Help
F2=Refresh
F3=Cancel
¦
¦ F8=Image
F10=Exit
Enter=Do
¦
F1¦ /=Find
n=Find Next
¦
F9+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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Network Configuration:
Adding network routes smit mkroute
Add Static Route
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
Destination TYPE
* DESTINATION Address
(dotted decimal or symbolic name)
* Default GATEWAY Address
(dotted decimal or symbolic name)
COST
Network MASK (hexadecimal or dotted decimal)
Network Interface
(interface to associate route with)
Enable Active Dead Gateway Detection?
Is this a Local (Interface) Route?
Policy (for Multipath Routing Only)
Weight (for Weighted Multipath Routing Policy)
Apply change to DATABASE only
F1=Help
F5=Reset
F9=Shell
F2=Refresh
F6=Command
F10=Exit
[Entry Fields]
net
[10.1.1.4]
+
[10.1.1.1]
[0]
[255.255.255.0]
[]
+
no
no
Default (Global)
[1]
no
+
+
+
#
+
F3=Cancel
F7=Edit
Enter=Do
#
F4=List
F8=Image
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Network Configuration: Commands
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Display network
settings
CFGTCP,
CHGNETA
smit mktcpip,
ifconfig
ifconfig
Display current
routes
NETSTAT option 2
route
route
Add routes
CFGTCP option 2,
ADDTCPRTE
route –a
route –a
Set network interface
parameters
CFGTCP option 1,
ADDTCPIFC
ifconfig
ifconfig
Display network
connections
NETSTAT option 1
and 3
netstat
netstat
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 44
Process Management
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
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Processes
• Closest OS/400 concept: Job
• ps command fall into one of two
categories:
–flags that specify which types of
processes to include in the output
–flags that specify which attributes of
those processes are to be displayed
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page 46
Process Control: Concepts
• OS/400
– OS/400 processes run as jobs
– Once a job is started it can start other processes in
activations groups.
– Subsystems provide the run environment for the jobs
• AIX
– Each job on an AIX system is represented by a Process
Identification Number (PID)
– Each process has a parent process, referred to as the PPID
– Processes inherit the environment of the parent process
– Priorities of processes can be changed during execution
– Status of processes can be monitored
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 47
Processes
Information about all
process except kernel
aix3:/ >ps –ef | more
UID
PID
PPID
root
1
0
root 139452
1
root 147632
1
root 164070 237722
root 192628
1
root 200804
1
root 209074 237722
root 225286
1
root 229530 237722
daemon 233658 237722
root 237722
1
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
STIME
17:01:38
17:02:01
17:02:01
17:02:49
17:01:41
17:02:01
17:02:46
17:03:02
17:03:01
17:03:02
17:02:24
TTY
-
TIME
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
CMD
/etc/init
/usr/sbin/syncd 60
/usr/lib/errdemon
/usr/sbin/aixmibd
/usr/dt/bin/dtlogin -daemon
/usr/ccs/bin/shlap64
/usr/sbin/snmpmibd
/usr/sbin/cron
/usr/sbin/nfsd 3891
/usr/sbin/rpc.statd -d 0 -t 50
/usr/sbin/srcmstr
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page 48
Processes
Information about user
#ps -fu root
UID
PID
root
0
root
1
root
8196
root 12294
root 16392
root 20490
root 24588
root 28686
root 32784
PPID
C
STIME
0 120 16:59:50
0
0 17:01:38
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
0
0 16:59:50
TTY
-
TIME
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
0:00
CMD
swapper
/etc/init
wait
wait
wait
wait
wait
wait
wait
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Processes
Information about biod daemon
#ps –ef | grep biod
root 270502 237722
root 286824 479314
#kill 237722
0 17:03:01
0 18:55:13
pts/1
0:00 /usr/sbin/biod 6
0:00 grep biod
Sending a SIGTERM signal to
biod process ID
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 50
Processes: Commands
Function
OS/400
AIX
Linux
Batch job
submission
SBMJOB
bg
process &
Show job status
WRKACTJOB
ps –ef
ps –ef
top
qtop
Terminate a
running job
ENDJOB
•Foreground:
- <Ctrl-c> or kill
•Background:
- kill
kill
Suspend a running
job
HLDJOB
<Ctrl-z>
<Ctrl-z>
Change the priority
of a running job
CHGJOB
nice
nice
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 51
System Management
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 52
System Management Tools
•
•
•
•
•
SMIT
WebSM
HMC
NIM
Miscellaneous
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
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AIX 5L System Management:
WebSM
• Web-based System Manager
• Installs with AIX 5L
• Remote client connects to
server running in AIX 5L
• Secure connection
• Similar to iSeries Navigator
• All aspects of system
management
• Download WebSM client for
Windows, Linux from your
HMC! http://your_hmc/remote_client.html
• Common PC look and feel;
interface similar to HMC
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 54
HMC: Integrated AIX 5L and
eServer i5 Management
• Both AIX 5L and HMC run
WebSM
• Download WebSM client
from your HMC to your
desktop
• Connect to HMC by
hostname
• Add connection to AIX 5L
partition by clicking on
“Console”  “Add” 
“Hosts…”
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 55
NIM: Network Installation Manager
# lslpp -l | grep nim
bos.sysmgt.nim.client
bos.sysmgt.nim.master
bos.sysmgt.nim.spot
5.3.0.1
5.3.0.0
5.3.0.0
COMMITTED
COMMITTED
COMMITTED
Network Install Manager Network Install Manager Network Install Manager - SPOT
Install a group of machines with a common
configuration
Customize an installation for the specific needs of a
given machine
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page 56
User environment
and system information
• Listing system devices (like SST view)
– lscfg
• Listing available software products (like go licpgm)
– lslpp
• Listing environment variables (like WRKENVVAR)
– env
ibm.com/redbooks
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AIX on i5 Introduction
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 58
AIX 5L Scenarios
•
IT Simplification
– Replace UNIX servers with AIX 5L
– Consolidate AIX 5L servers
•
Application Integration
– Extend OS/400 applications with AIX 5L
portfolio
•
Application Flexibility
– 2,500 ISV Applications available on AIX
5L
– IBM SWG Portfolio
LPAR1
i5/OS
LPAR2
AIX 5L
DB
DB
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 59
AIX 5L I/O Flexibility
Virtual I/O
i5/OS LPAR
Direct I/O
AIX 5L LPAR
i5/OS LPAR
AIX 5L LPAR
Virtual SCSI
Virtual Ethernet
• i5/OS managed resources
• Storage and Ethernet
• AIX 5L managed Resources
• Storage, Ethernet, Tape, Optical, ….
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 60
OS Support for Virtualization on eServer i5
i5/OS
5.3
AIX 5L
5.3
AIX 5L
5.2
Linux
SLES 9
Linux
RHEL 3 U3
Micro-Partitioning
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Uncapped Partitions
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
- Processor
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
- Memory
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
- I/O
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
- Storage
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
- Ethernet
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
- CD/DVD
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
- Tape
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Dynamic LPAR
Virtual I/O Server
Virtual I/O Client
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page 61
System Overview
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 62
Hardware and Terminology
• Traditional iSeries terminology
•
eServer i5 520 +
expansion I/O tower
I/O towers
• Primary partition
• Main storage, IOP, IOA
• SLIC, PTFs
• Traditional pSeries terminology
•
•
•
•
I/O drawers
HMC
Memory, PCI adapter
Kernel, patches
• eServer i5
•
eServer i5 570 + expansion
I/O drawers
•
•
•
•
Model 520 can be in tower or rack
Model 570 is rack only
Now has towers and drawers
Both towers and drawers appear as “units” in HMC
Units contain buses and adapters
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 63
AIX 5L Flexibility: Direct I/O
• HMC view of eServer i5’s
physical I/O resources:
•
•
AIX 5L uses IOAs, not IOPs
Direct I/O assigned in each
AIX 5L partition’s profile
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 64
Supported Hardware for AIX 5L on i5
•
The following are examples of supported direct I/O hardware for AIX 5L on eServer i5. A full list
will be available later at the AIX on eServer 5L Web site: http://www.ibm.com/iseries/aix*
•
LAN:
• PCI 10/100/1000Mbps Ethernet UTP 2-port (feature code 5706)
• Disk:
• PCI-X U320 RAID Disk Ctrl w/ Read Cache (0627/2780)
• PCI-X Fibre Channel Ctrl (0625/5704)
• DVD and tape:
• DVD RAM Slimline (5751)
• QIC 30GB Tape (5753)
•
AIX 5L 5.3 on eServer i5 supports dynamic movement of I/O resources between partitions
• In a consolidated environment with multiple AIX 5L 5.3 partitions using Virtual Storage, one DVD
or tape drive can be purchased, and later switched between those partitions without an IPL
(reboot)
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 65
Sizing and Pricing
ibm.com/redbooks
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AIX 5L Performance on eServer i5
• AIX 5L performance on i5 is equivalent to p5 with the same configuration.
Model
# of
CPUs
GHz
AIX 5L
5.3 rPerf
p5-520
2
1.65
9.86
p5-570
2
1.65
9.86
p5-570
4
1.65
19.66
p5-570
8
1.65
37.22
p5-570
12
1.65
53.43
p5-570
16
1.65
68.40
IBM pSeries and IBM RS/6000 Performance Report provides rPerf values for
other servers
http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/pseries/hardware/system_perf.html
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 67
Sizing for AIX 5L on eServer i5
• Sizing recommendations for AIX 5L applications can come from ISVs
or IBM Software Group
• Guidelines for several ISV applications available at IBM PartnerWorld for
Developers site:
http://www.developer.ibm.com/welcome/eserver/e3/CSFServlet?mvcid=main&packageid=3002
• Redbook on pSeries sizing available: http://publibb.boulder.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/RedbookAbstracts/sg247071.html?Open
• Determine requirements for CPU (rPerf), memory, disk and network
I/O
• Factor in logical partitioning (LPAR) considerations:
• For shared processors, factor in between 1 and 10% overhead
• rPerf numbers not available for single-CPU or sub-processor AIX 5L
partitions: Use linear interpolation
• Proceed by identifying server model and CPU capacity
• Use rPerf numbers from p5 system, factor in LPAR overhead
• Derive estimate using Workload Estimator – use “Generic (AIX)
Workload”
ibm.com/redbooks
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Sizing for AIX 5L on eServer i5
• Use eServer Workload Estimator (WLE): http://www-912.ibm.com/wle/EstimatorServlet
• Configure “Generic (AIX) Workload”
•
•
•
•
•
•
Enter adjusted rPerf
required for AIX 5L
workload. Round up.
Enter amount of memory
derived from eServer p5
Enter disk configuration
derived from eServer p5
Choose “none” for
“Additional Characteristics
Choose DBCS support as
appropriate
Create other i5/OS
workloads to arrive at
consolidated system*
*A future release of WLE with built-in AIX 5L file serving and Web serving
workloads is planned.
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 69
AIX 5L on eServer i5
• AIX 5L for POWER ™ 5.3
– 5765-G03
AIX 5L Prices
Per Active Processor Running AIX 5L
License
• Micro-partitioning
• Virtual Storage and Ethernet
• AIX 5L for POWER ™ 5.2
– 5765-E62
• Dedicated processors
• Dedicated I/O
SWMA (Annual)*
5771-SWM
OTC**
Standard
24x7
Upgrade
520
$480
$650
$166
550
$480
$650
$166
570
$1,225
$725
$183
*Provides access to remote technical software support and software
upgrade entitlement
- 3 year prices for SWMA also available via 5773-SM3
US prices and terms
**Plus a $50 Media charge
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 70
Planning for AIX 5L on i5
ibm.com/redbooks
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Setting up and Installing AIX on i5
• Partitioning always requires an HMC
– Can be used as the console for i5/OS and AIX
• AIX 5.2 requires dedicated I/O
– At a minimum a storage adapter, install media, and a network
adapter
– Note rules for IOPs and PCI adapters!
• AIX 5.3 can use dedicated or virtual I/O
– Can create “pure virtual” partitions
• LPAR Validation Tool (LVT) is your friend
– http://www.ibm.com/servers/eserver/iseries/lpar/systemdesign.htm
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LPAR Validation Tool
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LPAR Validation Tool
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AIX 5L 5.3
Support for Advanced Virtualization
Greatly improved physical resource utilization though virtualization of processors,
memory, and I/O resources
Dynamically Resizable
2 CPUs
2CPUs
4 CPUs
Increased number of LPARs
AIX support for 254 partitions
4 CPUs
20 CPUs
Shared processor LPARs
A single processor might be shared by
up to 10 partitions
AiX 5.3
IP
Routing
Linux
AIX 5.2
AIX 5.3
Virtual
Disks
AIX 5.3
Linux
Linux
AIX 5.3
I5/OS
Virtual inter-partition Ethernet
LPARs can communicate without having to
use physical I/O adapters
Virtual I/O Disks
Client partitions can use virtual disks
hosted by another partition
Virtual I/O Paths
I/O
Storage
Hypervisor
Network
LAN, WAN
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 75
IBM Confidential until Announced
Doing the Install
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 76
Install Steps
• Configure the partitions using the HMC
– Real adapter assignment
– Virtual adapter assignment
• Set up OS/400 virtual I/O
– For AIX 5.3 only
– Virtual disks, virtual ethernet, etc
• Boot and install
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 77
HMC Overview
 What is it?




Pre-loaded PC appliance
Desktop or rack-mount
Connected to POWER5 server via Ethernet
Accessible remotely through WebSM client from
Linux or Windows PC
7310-C03
(desktop)
 What is it used for?








All LPAR functions
Local console for AIX 5L, Linux, i5/OS
Capacity on Demand
Hardware service
Error reporting
Remote support/call home
Firmware updates
Can manage multiple servers
7310-CR2
(rack)
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
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HMC Overview
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page 79
HMC Overview
Partition 1
Partition 2
Partition 3
POWER Hypervisor
Processors
Memory
HMC
Service
Processor
I/O Slots
…
NVRAM
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 80
HMC Overview
Hosting server
IP: 9.5.92.27
Virtual I/O
Direct I/O
IP: 9.5.92.28
NAT IP: 9.5.92.62
Hybrid I/O
IP: 9.5.92.29
NAT IP: 9.5.92.63
Virtual I/O
NAT IP: 9.5.92.64
POWER Hypervisor
Virtual Ethernet
Slot 3
IP: 10.1.1.1
Slot 2
IP: 10.1.1.2
VLAN1
Slot 2
IP: 10.1.1.3
VLAN1
Slot 2
IP: 10.1.1.4
VLAN1
HMC
IP: 9.5.92.26
Service
Processor
Virtual Serial
SERVER
Slot 0
Slot 1
CLIENT
Slot 4
Slot 7
SERVER
Slot 1
SERVER
Slot 2
Slot 6
Slot 8
CLIENT
Slot 3
SERVER
Slot 0
Slot 1
SERVER
Slot 0
Slot 1
SERVER
Slot 1
Slot 0
Slot 0
Virtual SCSI
CLIENT
CLIENT
Slot 3
Slot 3
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 81
Install Media
• Physical CD/DVD
– Assigned to the AIX partition
• Network install
–
–
–
–
AIX “Network Install Manager” (NIM)
Requires an AIX NIM Server
nim_master_setup AIX command sets up a NIM server!
Can’t route network install through OS/400 virtual Ethernet
• Virtual CD from i5/OS
– Not available right now! Expected in an upcoming AIX fix release
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 82
Using the HMC
to Create the Partiton
ibm.com/redbooks
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Using the HMC
to Create the Partition
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Partition Profile
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Memory
ibm.com/redbooks
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Processors: Shared or Dedicated
AIX 5.2 requires dedicated
ibm.com/redbooks
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Processing Units
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 88
Advanced Processing Settings
•Capped and
uncapped types of
processing.
•Weight for Uncapped
priority.
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page 89
Setting up Physical I/O
•Always refer to the latest
version of LVT http://www1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/ise
ries/lpar/systemdesign.htm
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© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 90
Setting up Physical I/O
Installation source considerations
•Second slimline
DVD drive or
external Drive on i5
systems can be used
for installation.
•External CD or
DVD
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page 91
Creating Virtual SCSI Adapters
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Creating Virtual Ethernet Adapters
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Power Controlling Partitions
i5/OS can start and
stop AIX (option
recommended for
full virtual I/O
partitions).
ibm.com/redbooks
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page 94
Setting AIX Boot mode
• For Install, set
to SMS menu
• After install,
set Normal.
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page 95
Virtual Adapters in i5/OS Partition
• Create virtual
SCSI Server
adapter that
matches the AIX
Client adapter
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page 96
Virtual Adapters Appear in i5/OS
• Virtual SCSI server adapters
Display Communication Resources
System:
Type options, press Enter.
5=Display configuration descriptions
Opt
Resource
CMB01
LIN11
CMN11
CMN12
LIN08
CMN08
CMB02
LIN01
CMN01
LIN02
CMN02
CTL01
LIN04
CMN19
LIN05
Type
2844
2793
2793
2793
2849
2849
268C
6B03
6B03
6B03
6B03
290B
268C
268C
6B04
RCHAS10
7=Display resource detail
Status
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Operational
Text
Combined function IOP
Comm Adapter
Comm Port
Comm Port
LAN Adapter
Ethernet Port
Combined function IOP
Comm Adapter
Comm Port
Comm Adapter
Comm Port
Comm Adapter
LAN Adapter
Ethernet Port
Comm Adapter
More...
F3=Exit
F5=Refresh
F6=Print
F12=Cancel
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Create NWSD
Create Network Server Desc (CRTNWSD)
Type choices, press Enter.
Network server description
Resource name . . . . . .
Network server type . . .
Online at IPL . . . . . .
Vary on wait . . . . . . .
Shutdown timeout . . . . .
Partition . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. > AIX1
. > CTL01
. > *GUEST
.
*YES
.
*NOWAIT
.
15
.
AIX1
Name
Name, *NONE, *AUTO
*WINDOWSNT, *GUEST
*YES, *NO
*NOWAIT, 1-15 minutes
2-45 minutes
Partition number . .
Code page . . . . .
Server message queue
Library . . . . .
IPL parameters . . .
Power control . . .
Authority . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Number, *NONE
*LNGVER, 437, 850, 852, 857...
Name, *JOBLOG, *NONE
Name, *LIBL, *CURLIB
F3=Exit
F4=Prompt
F24=More keys
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
F5=Refresh
*NONE
*LNGVER
*JOBLOG
*NONE
*NO
*CHANGE
F12=Cancel
*YES, *NO
Name, *CHANGE, *ALL, *USE...
More...
F13=How to use this display
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Create Virtual Disks
Create NWS Storage Space (CRTNWSSTG)
Type choices, press Enter.
Network server storage
Size . . . . . . . . .
From storage space . .
Format . . . . . . . .
Auxiliary storage pool
ASP device . . . . . .
Text 'description' . .
F3=Exit
F4=Prompt
F24=More keys
space
. . .
. . .
. . .
ID .
. . .
. . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. > AIX1_HD1
Name
. > 4096
*CALC, 1-1024000 megabytes
.
*NONE
Name, *NONE
. > *OPEN
*NTFS, *FAT, *FAT32, *OPEN...
.
1
1-255
.
Name
.
lpar AIX1 - virtual disk1
F5=Refresh
F12=Cancel
Bottom
F13=How to use this display
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Starting the install
• Link the virtual disk and NWSD
(WRKNWSSTG)
• Vary on the NWSD
– Note that because PWRCTL
*NO, this doesn’t start the
partition
• Start the AIX Partition from the
HMC
– Open a terminal window
ibm.com/redbooks
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2004. All rights reserved.
page 100
System Management Services
• PowerPC BIOS
Version SF220_013
SMS 1.5 (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2000,2003 All rights reserved.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Main Menu
1. Select Language
2. Setup Remote IPL (Initial Program Load)
3. Change SCSI Settings
4. Select Console
5. Select Boot Options
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Navigation Keys:
X = eXit System Management Services
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Type the number of the menu item and press Enter or select Navigation Key:5
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Selecting boot devices
Version SF220_013
SMS 1.5 (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2000,2003 All rights reserved.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Select Install/Boot Device
2. Configure Boot Device Order
3. Multiboot Startup <OFF>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Navigation keys:
M = return to Main Menu
ESC key = return to previous screen
X = eXit System Management Services
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Type the number of the menu item and press Enter or select Navigation Key:1
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List of boot devices
Version SF220_013
SMS 1.5 (c) Copyright IBM Corp. 2000,2003 All rights reserved.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Select Device
Device Current Device
Number Position Name
1.
Virtual Ethernet
( loc=U9406.520.108A36C-V2-C2-T1 )
2.
SCSI CD-ROM
( loc=U9406.520.108A36C-V2-C3-T1-W8020000000000000-L0 )
3.
SCSI Tape
( loc=U9406.520.108A36C-V2-C3-T1-W8040000000000000-L0 )
4.
SCSI Tape
( loc=U9406.520.108A36C-V2-C3-T1-W8140000000000000-L0 )
5.
SCSI CD-ROM
( loc=U5095.001.103294C-CB1-C07-T1-L1-L0 )
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Navigation keys:
M = return to Main Menu
ESC key = return to previous screen
X = eXit System Management Services
------------------------------------------------------------------------------Type the number of the menu item and press Enter or select Navigation Key:5
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The AIX Install Itself
Preserving 84314 bytes of symbol table [vscsi_initdd32]
******* Please define the System Console. *******
Type a 1 and press Enter to use this terminal as the
system console.
Pour definir ce terminal comme console systeme, appuyez
sur 1 puis sur Entree.
Taste 1 und anschliessend die Eingabetaste druecken, um
diese Datenstation als Systemkonsole zu verwenden.
Premere il tasto 1 ed Invio per usare questo terminal
come console.
Escriba 1 y pulse Intro para utilizar esta terminal como
consola del sistema.
Escriviu 1 1 i premeu Intro per utilitzar aquest
terminal com a consola del sistema.
Digite um 1 e pressione Enter para utilizar este terminal
como console do sistema.
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The AIX Install Itself
>>>
1
2
3
4
Type 1 and press Enter to have English during install.
Entreu 2 i premeu Intro per veure la instal·lació en català.
Entrez 3 pour effectuer l'installation en français.
Für Installation in deutscher Sprache 4 eingeben
und die Eingabetaste drücken.
5 Immettere 5 e premere Invio per l'installazione in Italiano.
6 Digite 6 e pressione Enter para usar Português na instalação.
7 Escriba 7 y pulse Intro para la instalación en español.
88
Help ?
>>> Choice [1]: 1
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The AIX Install Itself
Welcome to Base Operating System
Installation and Maintenance
Type the number of your choice and press Enter.
Choice is indicated by >>>.
>>> 1 Start Install Now with Default Settings
2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install
3 Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery
88
99
Help ?
Previous Menu
>>> Choice [1]: 2
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The AIX Install Itself
Installation and Settings
Either type 0 and press Enter to install with current settings, or type the
number of the setting you want to change and press Enter.
1
System Settings:
Method of Installation.............New and Complete Overwrite
Disk Where You Want to Install.....hdisk0
2
Primary Language Environment Settings (AFTER
Cultural Convention................English
Language ..........................English
Keyboard ..........................English
Keyboard Type......................Default
3
More Options
>>> 0
88
99
Install):
(United States)
(United States)
(United States)
(Desktop, Security, Kernel, Software, ...)
Install with the current settings listed above.
Help ?
Previous Menu
+----------------------------------------------------|
WARNING: Base Operating System Installation will
|
destroy or impair recovery of ALL data on the
|
destination disk hdisk0.
>>> Choice [0]: 1
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The AIX Install Itself
Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install
Type one or more numbers for the disk(s) to be used for installation and press
Enter. To cancel a choice, type the corresponding number and Press Enter.
At least one bootable disk must be selected. The current choice is indicated
by >>>.
Name
>>>
1
>>>
0
55
66
77
88
99
hdisk0
Location Code
none
Size(MB)
4102
VG Status
none
Bootable
Yes
No
Continue with choices indicated above
More Disk Options
Devices not known to Base Operating System Installation
Display More Disk Information
Help ?
Previous Menu
>>> Choice [0]:
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The AIX Install Itself
Install Options
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Enable Trusted Computing Base....................................
Enable CAPP and EAL4+ Technology.................................
(English only, 64-bit kernel enablement, JFS2 file systems)
Enable 64-bit Kernel.............................................
Create JFS2 File Systems.........................................
Graphics Software................................................
Enable System Backups to install any system......................
(Installs all devices and kernels)
>>> 7.
0
88
99
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Install More Software
Install with the current settings listed above.
Help ?
Previous Menu
>>> Choice [7]:
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The AIX Install Itself
Install More Software
1. Mozilla (Mozilla CD).............................................. No
2. Kerberos_5 (Expansion Pack)....................................... No
3. Server (Volume 2)................................................. No
>>> 0
88
99
Install with the current settings listed above.
Help ?
Previous Menu
>>> Choice [0]:0
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The AIX Install Itself
Overwrite Installation Summary
Disks: hdisk0
Cultural Convention: en_US
Language: en_US
Keyboard: en_US
64 Bit Kernel Enabled: Yes
JFS2 File Systems Created: Yes
Graphics Software: Yes
Enable System Backups to install any system:
Yes
Optional Software being installed:
>>> 1
Continue with Install
+----------------------------------------------------88 Help ?
|
WARNING: Base Operating System Installation will
99 Previous Menu |
destroy or impair recovery of ALL data on the
|
destination disk hdisk0.
>>> Choice [1]: 1
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The AIX Install Itself
Installing Base Operating System
Please wait...
Approximate
% tasks complete
0
Elapsed time
(in minutes)
0
Preparing target disks.
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Additional Resources
 Redesigned and updated AIX web site: www.ibm.com/servers/aix
– Linkage to ISV application availability portal
– Linkage to migration and upgrade portal
– “Meet the Expert” web casts
• pSeries and AIX 5L Information Center:
– http://publib16.boulder.ibm.com/pseries/en_US/infocenter/base/
•
AIX 5L White Papers:
– http://www-1.ibm.com/servers/eserver/pseries/library/aix_lit.html
•
AIX 5L Benefits for System Administrators:
– http://www1.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/whitepapers/aix_benefits.html
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Redbook!
SG24-6455
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