Transcript Implementation of the recommendations of the Scientific

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
International Intergovernmental Organization
The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA)
Project at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna)
A.N. Sissakian, A.S. Sorin
International Workshop on hadron structure and spectroscopy
Torino,A.N.Sissakian,
March 31 – April
2, 2008
April 2, 2008
A.S.Sorin
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The NICA Project and Research Program
I. The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA):
historical view, motivation and characteristics
II. Physics of relativistic heavy ion collision (MPD)
III. Spin physics (SPD)
IV. Applied researches
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I. NICA: historical view, motivation and characteristics
JINR NUCLOTRON
Project parameters: maximum energy
5 GeV/nucl. for nuclei with А ~ 200.
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Proposal for an International Accelerator Facility
for Research with Heavy Ions and Antiprotons,
April
2, 2008
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http://www.gsi.de/documents/DOC-2004-Mar-196-2.pdf
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Round Table Discussions
Round Table Discussion I.
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting
matter at the JINR Nuclotron
July 7 - 9, 2005
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion II
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter
at the JINR Nuclotron: Nuclotron facility development
JINR, Dubna, October 6-7, 2006
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2006/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion III
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting
QCD matter at the NICA/MPD
JINR (Dubna), summer 2008
http://nica.jinr.ru
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T
Round Table Discussion
Dubna, July 7-9, 2005
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/
A.N.Sissakian
A.S.Sorin
M.K.Suleymanov
V.D.Toneev
G.M.Zinovjev
nucl-ex/0511018
nucl-ex/0601034
nucl-th/0608032
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N8
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RHIC, SPS, NICA, FAIR
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http://nica.jinr.ru
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The NICA complex allocation
MPD
SPD?
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NICA complex parameters
Circumference
m
Number of collision points
Beta function in the collision
point
2
m
Rms momentum spread
Rms bunch length
SPD
0.5
0.001
m
0.3
Number of ions in the bunch
109
Number of bunches
15
Incoherent tune shift
0.05
Rms beam emittance
at 1 GeV/u / at 3.5 GeV/u
3.8 /
0.26
Luminosity per one interaction
point at 1 GeV/u
at 3.5 GeV/u
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225
A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin
p mm mrad
cm-2s-1
6.61025
1.11027
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Scheme of the NICA compex
Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of
at energy 6 MeV/u
238U32+
Booster (30 Tm)
2(3?) single-turn injections,
storage of 3.2×109,
acceleration up to 50 MeV/u,
electron cooling,
acceleration
up to 400 MeV/u
Collider (45 Tm)
Storage of
15 bunches  1109 ions per ring
at 3.5 GeV/u,
electron and/or stochastic cooling
Stripping (40%)
IP-1
Two
superconducting
collider rings
IP-2
2х15 injection
cycles
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238U32+

238U92+
Nuclotron (45 Tm)
injection of one bunch
of 1.1×109 ions,
acceleration up to
3.5 GeV/u max.
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2 x 1.51010 ions
of 238U92+
Scheme of the NICA compex
Time Table of The Storage Process
KRION
RFQ
RFQ DTL Booster
Nuclotron Collider
3.5 GeV/u
Eion/A
2 cycles
of injection,
electron
cooling (?)
400 MeV/u
100(50?) MeV/u
6 MeV/u
30 injection cycles
of 1109 ions 238U92+
per cycle
stripping
to
238U92+
470 keV/u
25 keV/u
electron
cooling
2s
0.4s 2s 3s
4.5s
135 s
238U32+
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Colliding beams parameters
1. Circumference, m
225
2. *, m
0.5
110-3
3. p/p (one )
4. Bunch length (), m
5. Beam emittance (), pmmmrad
6. Bunch intensity
0.26
(1-2)109
7. Bunch number per ring
15
8.Average luminosity for
1.11027
1
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0.3
UU (pp),3.5 (12) GeV/u, cm-2s-
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(~1030)
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The NICA Project Milestones
• Stage 1: years 2007 – 2009
- Upgrate and Development of the Nuclotron facility
- Preparation of Technical Design Report of the NICA and MPD
- Start prototyping of the MPD and NICA elements
• Stage 2: years 2008 – 2012
- Design and Construction of NICA and MPD
• Stage 3: years 2010 – 2013
- Assembling
• Stage 4: year 2014
- Commissioning
Round Table Discussion III, Dubna, Summer, 2008
April 2, 2008
http://nica.jinr.ru
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II. Physics of relativistic heavy ion collisions
NICA/MPD physics
program of heavy ion
collisions:
1. Heavy ion beams in wide energy
range:
s 4
2  9 AGeV
2. Possibility to perform atomic
number and centrality scan
3. Two intersection points for
detectors with large energyindependent acceptance
SPD
4. High luminosity L=1027 см-2с-1
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High baryonic densities
energy in cms
NICA s = 9AGeV
energy in lab. frame
J.Randrup, J.Cleymans, 2006
Maximal baryonic densities on freeze-out curve!
High densities on interaction stage!?
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NICA/MPD aims and physics problems
Study of in-medium properties of hadrons and
nuclear matter equation of state, including a search for possible signs of
deconfinement and/or chiral symmetry restoration phase transitions and
QCD critical endpoint
Experimental observables:
First Stage:
Scanning in beam energy and centrality of excitation functions for
♣ Multiplicity and global characteristics of identified hadrons
including multi-strange particles
♣ Fluctuations in multiplicity and transverse momenta
♣ Directed and elliptic flows for various indentified hadrons
♣ HBT and particle correlations
Second stage:
♣ Dileptons and direct photons
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What to measure
♣ Multistrange hyperons. The yields, spectra and collective flows of (multi) strange hyperons are
expected to provide information on the early and dense phase of the collision. Therefore, these
particles are promising probes of the nuclear matter equation-of-state at high baryon density.
♣ Event-by-event fluctuations. The hadron yields and their momenta should be analyzed eventwise in order to search for nonstatistical fluctuations which are predicted to occur in the vicinity
of the critical endpoint and when penetrating the coexistence phase of the first order
deconfinement phase transition.
♣ HBT correlations. Measurement of short range correlations between hadrons π, K, p, Λ allows
one to estimate the space-time size of a system formed in nucleus-nucleus interactions. Along
with the increase of fluctuations, the spatial size of the system is expected to be getting smaller
near the deconfinement phase transition due to softening of the equation of state (the “softest
point” effect).
♣ Penetrating probes. Measurements of dilepton pairs permit to investigate the in-medium
spectral functions of low-mass vector mesons which are expected to be modified due to effects of
chiral symmetry restoration in dense and hot matter. Specific properties of the σ meson, the order
parameter of chiral symmetry restoration, may be in principle detected near the phase boundary
via particular channel of σ-decay into dileptons or correlated γγ-pairs.
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http://nica.jinr.ru
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MPD conceptual design
Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector /
micromegas for tracking close to the interaction
region.
Barrel Tracker (BT) - TPC + Straw (for tagging)
for tracking & precise momentum measurement in
the region -1 < h < 1
End Cap Tracker (ECT) - Straw (radial)
for tracking & p-measurement at | h | > 1
Time of Flight (TOF) - RPC (+ start/stop sys.) to
measure Time of Flight for charged particle
identification.
Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for p0
reconstruction & electron/positron identification.
Beam-Beam Counters (BBC) to define centrality
(& interaction point).
Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) for centrality
definition.
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MPD basic geometry
preliminary
Defined as a compromise between:
-TOF requirement - magnetic field formation
-tracker resolution - the cost
limited by
collider optics
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MPD towards 4 p acceptance
to cover a wide pseudorapidity range
ECT
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TPC
ECT
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Experimental programms
Facility
Detector
SPS
NA61
RHIC
STAR
PHENIX
NICA
MPD
SIS-300
CBM
2013
≤9
2015
≤ 8.5
BRAHMS
Start (year)
2010
Energy (for Pb-ions)
4.9-17.3
2010
4.9-50
100 Hz
~10 Hz
0<h<4
different
-2.5<h<2.5
0<h<4
<2p
acceptances
= 2p
<2p
CP,OD
CP,OD
CP,OD,HDM
CP,OD,HDM
A GeV
Event rate
≤ 10 KHz ≤ 10 MHz
(for 8 AGeV)
Acceptance
Physics
CP – critical endpoint
HDM – hadronic dense matter
OD – onset of deconfinement
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MPD – Collaboration
 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
 Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science
 Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, NASUk
 Nuclear Physics Institute of MSU, RF
 Institute of Apllied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova
Open for extension …
A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT
module development & production is at the organizational stage
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III. On the Spin Program at NICA
1 1
S    u  u  d  d  s  s   G  Lg  Lq
2 2
 
N
z
EMC,
1987
  0.12  0.17
Spin Nucleon Structure

G
qv
Lq
Lg
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q
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On the Spin Program at NICA
NICA provides unique
possibilities for the
spin program:
1. High energy proton and
deuteron beams
2. High luminosity
( > 10 30 см-2с-1)
3. Transversely and
longitudinally polarized
proton and deuteron beams
with high polarization
degree (> 50% )
4. Spin rotation
5. Precise beam polarization
measurements
SPD
6. 4 p geometry detector
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On the Spin Program at NICA
First stage:
1. Studies of Drell-Yan (DY) processes with polarized p and D beams.
Extraction of unknown (poor known) parton distribution functions (PDFs):
- p( D) p(D)   * X  ee X : Boer-Mulders PDF
(NA10, E615, E886)
- p (D ) p(D)   X  e e X : Sivers PDFs


*
 
(Efremov,… PLB 612 (2005), PRD 73(2006));
transversity and Boer-Mulders PFDs
(Sissakian, Shevchenko, Nagaytsev,PRD 72 (2005),
EPJ C46 (2006))
- p (D ) p (D )   * X  ee X : transversity;
-    
longitudinally polarized sea and strange PDFs
p (D ) p (D )   * X  ee X : and
tenzor deuteron structure (Teryaev, …)
2.The same PDFs from J/y production processes with the decay to e+e- pairs
( s  10GeV ). Studies of all possible quarkoniums with decay to e+e- pairs in collisions
of polarized protons and deutrons .
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Experiment
Experiments on DY measurements
Status
Remarks
E615
Finished
Only unpolarized DY
NA10
Finished
Only unpolarized DY
E886
Running
Only unpolarized DY
RHIC
Running
Detector upgrade for DY measurements (collider)
PAX
Plan > 2016
Problem with
COMPASS
Plan > 2010
Only valence PDFs
J-PARC
Plan > 2011
low s (60-100 GeV2), only unpolarized proton
beam
SPASCHARM
Plan?
s ~ 140 GeV2 for unpolarized proton beam
NICA
Plan 2014
s ~ 670 GeV2 for polarized proton beams, high
luminosity (collider)
April 2, 2008
p polarization (collider)
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary estimations of the Drell-Yan processes feasibility
(first stage)
DY cross sections (nb) in comparison with PAX (GSI,FAIR) and possibility to
increase the statistics (month of data taking)
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary estimations of J/Y statistics in comparison with Drell-Yan
statistics
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Preliminary scheme ot the experimental set-up
for DY measurements (first stage)
Important advantages of the detector :
1) 4 p geometry – increase of DY statistics
2) Minimal X0 – effective detection of e+e- pairs
3) Good angular resolution – very important for
azimuthal spin asymmetries measurements
in the wide kinematical region
Main parts of the detector (preliminarily):
- Silicon or MicroMega
(inner tracking)
- Drift chambers or straw (for tracking)
- Cherenkov counter
(for PID and trigger)
- EM calorimeter
- Trigger counters
- EndCap detectors
Similarily to the PAX set-up (hep-ex/0505054)
Set-up for muon pairs detection is also under consideration
The detector would be upgraded for the second stage of measurements:
PID, tracking, calorimetry
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On the Spin Program at NICA
Second stage (upgraded experimental set-up):
1. Spin effects in baryon and meson productions.
- Single and double asymmetries in:
p
()
( D) p
()
( D)  X p ( D
0, 
()
()
p
(
D
)
p
(D)  X  baryons(mesons)
)
2. Studies of spin effects in various exclusive reactions
3. Diffractive processes studies
4. Cross sections and double spin asymmetries in elastic reactions
(full set of helicity amplitudes, Krisch effect, …).
5. Spectroscopy of quarkoniums with any available decay modes.
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IV.Applied researches on NICA
Booster-sinhrotron appliction to nanostructures creations:
Booster
Electron
cooling
system
Design and parameters of booster, including
wide accessible energy range, possibility of
the electron cooling, allow to form dense and
sharp ion beams. System of slow extraction
provides slow, prolongated in time ion
extraction to the target with space scanning of
ions on the target surface and guaranty high
controllability of experimental conditions.
Ion-track technologies:
Production of
nanowires, filters,
nanotransistors, ...
Ion tracks in a polymer
matrix (GSI, Darmstadt)
April 2, 2008
Topography and current of a diamond-like carbon
(DLC) film.The 50 nm thick DLC film was
irradiated with 1 GeV Uranium ions.
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Acknowledgements
A.Efremov, V.Kekelidze, I.Meshkov,
G. Musulmanbekov, A.Nagaytsev,
О.Rogachevsky, I.Savin,
O.Shevchenko, V.Skokov,
O.Teryaev, V.Toneev,
NICA/MPD (SPD) working group
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Welcome to the
collaboration!
Thank you for attention!
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