Transcript Millennium Development Goals NIGERIA

Millennium Development Goals
and Health in Nigeria
Dr Andrew L Mbewe
Child and Adolescent Health
World Health Organization.
Outline
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What is Health?
Health Related MDGs
Status of Health Related MDGs in Nigeria
Addressing the Challenges
– Policy, Strategic and Planning Level.
– Implementing the Policies, Strategies and plans.
• Federal, State, LGA and Communities.
– UN, Civil Society and Health
“Health is a state of complete
physical, mental and social
wellbeing and not merely the
absence of Disease or infirmity”
World Health Organization
Health Related MDGs
• GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger
• GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education
• GOAL 3: Promote gender equality and empower
women
• GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality
• GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health
• GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other
diseases
• GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability.
• GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships for
development.
GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Reduce extreme poverty
– Very High poverty
• Productive and decent
employment
– Very Large Deficit in
decent work
• Reduce hunger by half
– Very high hunger
Nigeria
• 13 percent of babies are
exclusively breast fed
throughout the first six
months.
• 41 percent of Nigerian
Children are stunted
( Short for age)
• 14 percent are wasted
(Thin for their height)
• 23 percent are
underweight* MDG indicator
GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Universal Primary
schooling
– Moderate enrolment
Nigeria
• 62.1 percent: Net
attendance ratio in
primary school.
• 98.5 percent: Percentage
of pupils starting grade 1
who reach grade 5.
• 69.4 percent: Literacy
rate of 15-24 year olds.
Ref: NDHS 2008
GOAL 3:
Promote gender equality and empower women
Sub-Sahara Africa
• Equal Girls’ Enrolment in
primary school
– Close to parity
• Women’s Share of Paid
Employment
– Medium Share
• Women’s Equal
Representation in
National Parliaments
– Moderate representation
Nigeria
• Ratio of girls to boys in
primary, secondary and
tertiary education- na
• 83.5 percent:
Respondents who
attended secondary
school or higher or who
can read a whole
sentence
Ref: NDHS 2008
GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Reduce a mortality of
under-five year-olds by
two thirds.
– High Mortality
Nigeria
• 157/1000 live births:
Under five mortality
Rate (Target: 77)
• 75/1000 live births:
Infant Mortality Rate.
• 41.4 percent: One year
old children immunized
against measles.
GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health
Sub-Saharan Africa
Nigeria
• Reduce Maternal Mortality
by three quarters
• 545 /100,000 live births:
Maternal Mortality Ratio
• 38.9 percent: Percentage of
births attended by skilled
health personnel
• 14.6 percentage:
Contraceptive Rate( Any
contraceptive Method,
currently married women
and men age 15-49 years).
– Very High Mortality
• Access to reproductive
health
– Low Access
Nigeria
GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria
and other diseases
Sub-Saharan Africa
•
Halt and begin to reverse the
spread of HIV/AIDS.
– High Incidence
• Halt and reverse spread of
tuberculosis
– High Mortality
Nigeria
• 40.8 percent: Condom use at last
higher risk sex: Youth 15-24 years
• 23.9 percent: Population 15-24
years with comprehensive
knowledge of HIV/AIDS
• 1.2 : Ratio of school attendance
of orphans to school attendance
of non-orphans aged 10-14 years
• 5.5 Percent: children U5 sleeping
under ITN
• 33.2 percent: Children with fever
appropriately treated with antimalarials
HIV/AIDS Services Coverage
• People living with AIDS: 3.34 million (ANC 2010)
• -Universal Access Target of 80% coverage by
2015
• ART : 359181 people accessing in 446 sites
• PMTCT: 26181 women accessing 670 sites
• HCT : 2287805 adults receiving HTC services in
1070 sites.
• Ref : FMOH
Tuberculosis
• Case detection has increased.
• Treatment success rate has improved 82%,
Target 85%.
• Challenges:
– HIV/TB interaction
– Emergency of MDR
• New Advances
– New Rapid Test, can obtain results in 2 hours.
– National prevalence survey- Magnitude
GOAL 7: Ensure environmental
sustainability.
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Reverse loss of forests.
– Medium forest cover.
• Halve proportion of
population without
improved drinking water.
– Low Coverage.
• Halve the population
without sanitation.
– Very Low Coverage.
• Improve the lives of slum
dwellers.
– Very high proportion of slum
dwellers
Nigeria
• 55.8 percent: Population
using improved drinking
water source, urban and
rural
• 31.2 percent: Population
using improved sanitation
facility, urban and rural
• *** Common conditions
transmitted by oral fecal
route: Polio, Cholera, Worm
Infestation.
GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships
for development.
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Internet Users
– Low Usage.
Nigeria
• PMNCH: Partnership for
Maternal, Newborn,
Child Health.
Addressing the Challenges
• Despite some improvement, the coverage of key MNCH
interventions is still very low.
• The MDG 2011 report provides a reminder on the work
ahead….MDGs are like far distant mountains.
• Nigeria has Federal, State Strategic Health and
Development Plans.
• UN Agencies must individually and severally assist
FMOH&SMOH to implement, supervise, monitor and
evaluate the plans.
• The UN agencies- In collaboration with stakeholders- must
mobilize resource for themselves and also for the FMOH
and SMOHs to implement the state and LGA plans- example
Civil Society, UNH4 and UNDAF
Working Together
-for health-