Transcript The American Journey
Splash Screen
Jacksonian Democracy
Conflicts Over Land
Jackson and the Bank
Chapter Menu
Jacksonian Democracy
Essential Question
and events shape Andrew Jackson’s presidency?
How did political beliefs Chapter Intro
Conflicts Over Land
Essential Question
How did Andrew Jackson’s presidency affect Native Americans?
Chapter Intro
Jackson and the Bank
Essential Question
How do economic issues affect the president and presidential elections?
Chapter Intro
Chapter Time Line
Chapter Time Line
Chapter Preview-End
How did political beliefs and events shape Andrew Jackson’s presidency?
Section 1-Essential Question
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary
• majority • plurality • spoils system • caucus • nominating convention • tariff • nullify • secede
Academic Vocabulary
• select • participate Section 1-Key Terms
Reading Guide
(cont.) Key People and Events
• Andrew Jackson • John Quincy Adams • Nullification Act Section 1-Key Terms
How do you think the president should be chosen?
A.
By the current system with an electoral college
B.
By the popular vote of the people
C.
By the Congress
0%
A. A B. B
0% A B C
Section 1-Polling Question
Elections of 1824 and 1828
John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson introduced new ways of campaigning in the presidential elections of 1824 and 1828.
Section 1
Elections of 1824 and 1828
(cont.)
• When Monroe declined to seek a third term in office, four Republicans competed for the presidency: – William H. Crawford of Georgia – Henry Clay of Kentucky –
Andrew Jackson
of Tennessee –
John Quincy Adams
of Massachusetts
Presidential Elections
Section 1
Elections of 1824 and 1828
(cont.)
• Although he won a
plurality
in the electoral votes, Jackson did not receive a
majority
of the electoral votes, so the House of Representatives had to
select
president. the new • John Quincy Adams, who advocated strong national programs and improvements, was chosen and appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State.
Presidential Elections
Section 1
Elections of 1824 and 1828
(cont.)
• By 1828, the Republican Party had divided into two separate parties.
– The Democratic Republicans supported Andrew Jackson and states’ right.
– The National Republicans supported Adams and favored a strong central government.
Presidential Elections
Section 1
Elections of 1824 and 1828
(cont.)
• New aspects of campaigning emerged in the 1828 election. These included: – Mudslinging – Campaign slogans – Rallies and other events – Campaign buttons and other souvenirs
Presidential Elections
Section 1
Elections of 1824 and 1828
(cont.)
• Jackson won the 1828 election in a landslide.
Presidential Elections
Section 1
Who won the Republican Party nomination in the presidential election of 1824?
A.
William Crawford
B.
Andrew Jackson
C.
D.
Henry Clay John Quincy Adams
A
A. A B. B C. C
0% 0% B
D. D
C D
Section 1
Jackson as President
Andrew Jackson made the American political system more democratic.
Section 1
Jackson as President
(cont.)
• President Jackson promoted “equal protection and equal benefits” for all Americans and made it easier for those who did not own property to vote.
• Male sharecroppers, factory workers, and others could now
participate
in the election process, but women, Native Americans, and African Americans were still denied suffrage.
Section 1
Jackson as President
(cont.)
• Andrew Jackson created the
spoils system
, firing government employees and replacing them with his own supporters. • Jackson’s supporters also changed the electoral process, eliminating the
caucus
system and replacing it with
nominating conventions
.
Section 1
Who could vote in the presidential elections of the 1820s?
A.
Females
B.
African Americans
C.
D.
White males Native Americans
A 0%
A. A B. B C. C
0% 0% B
D. D
C 0% D
Section 1
The Tariff Debate
A fight over tariffs ignited a crisis on the question of states’ rights versus the rights of the federal government.
Section 1
The Tariff Debate
(cont.)
•
Tariffs
promoted the purchase of American made goods over European ones, favoring Northeastern factory owners.
• John C. Calhoun argued that states had the right to
nullify
a federal law if it was considered to be against state interests.
Section 1
The Tariff Debate
(cont.)
• South Carolina passed the
Nullification Act
in 1832 and threatened to
secede
from the Union if the federal government interfered.
Section 1
How would Northeastern factory owners react to a high tariff?
A.
They would be upset and oppose high tariffs.
B.
They would decrease production of goods.
C.
They would be very pleased.
D.
They would consume more European products. A. A B. B
A 0%
C. C
0%
D. D
B 0% C 0% D
Section 1
Section 1-End
How did Andrew Jackson’s presidency affect Native Americans?
Section 2-Essential Question
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary
• relocate • guerrilla tactics
Academic Vocabulary
• federal • survive Section 2-Key Terms
Reading Guide
(cont.) Key People and Events
• Indian Removal Act • Indian Territory • General Winfield Scott • Trail of Tears • Black Hawk • Osceola Section 2-Key Terms
Do you agree with the policy that the government can take control of private land if it believes it is in the best interest of the country?
A.
Strongly agree
B.
C.
D.
Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree A. A B. B
A 0%
C. C
0%
D. D
B 0% C 0% D
Section 2-Polling Question
Moving Native Americans
Thousands of Native Americans were forced to abandon their lands to white settlers and move West.
Section 2
Moving Native Americans
(cont.)
• Many settlers wanted the
federal
government to
relocate
Native Americans tribes to the undesirable land West of the Mississippi.
• The
Indian Removal Act
, which allowed the federal government to pay Native Americans to move, was passed in 1830.
Forced Migration
Section 2
Moving Native Americans
(cont.)
• In 1834 the
Indian Territory
in present-day Oklahoma for relocation of Native Americans.
was set aside • The Cherokee Nation refused to leave Georgia and took its case to the Supreme Court with
Worcester
v.
Georgia.
Forced Migration
Section 2
Moving Native Americans
(cont.)
• Many of the Cherokee resisted efforts to displace them, but were ultimately forced out of Georgia by
General Winfield Scott
.
• Over 4,000 Cherokee died on the
Trail of Tears
.
Removal of Native Americans, 1820 –1840
Section 2
In Worcester v. Georgia, Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that A.
Georgia had no right to interfere with the Cherokee.
B.
the “spoils system” was unconstitutional.
A. A
C.
D.
the federal government had no authority over Native Americans.
A 0%
B. B
0%
C. C
B
D. D states had to support a national bank.
0% C 0% D
Section 2
Native American Resistance
Some groups of Native Americans attempted to resist relocation. Most were taken from their lands by force.
Section 2
Native American Resistance
(cont.)
• Sauk chieftain
Black Hawk
organized a group to move back into the Sauk lands in Illinois, but they were slaughtered by the Illinois state militia and federal troops.
• Using
guerrilla tactics
, the Seminole people of Florida —led by
Osceola
—successfully resisted relocation.
– Only 110 government soldiers
survived
the Dade Massacre of 1835.
Section 2
Native American Resistance
(cont.)
• By 1842 most of the Native American population had been moved west of the Mississippi.
Section 2
Which tribe successfully resisted forced relocation?
A.
The Cherokee
B.
The Sauk
C.
D.
The Osceola The Seminole
A 0%
A. A B. B C. C
0% 0% B
D. D
C 0% D
Section 2
Section 2-End
How do economic issues affect the president and presidential elections?
Section 3-Essential Question
Reading Guide
Content Vocabulary
• veto • depression • laissez-faire
Academic Vocabulary
• institution • symbol Section 3-Key Terms
Reading Guide
(cont.) Key People and Events
• Henry Clay • Daniel Webster • Martin Van Buren • William Henry Harrison • John Tyler • James Polk Section 3-Key Terms
Which presidential campaign slogan do you feel is most effective?
A.
A Chicken in Every Pot
B.
Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
C.
D.
Are You Better Off Than You Were Four Years Ago?
Ross for Boss A. A B. B C. C
A 0% 0%
D. D
B 0% C 0% D
Section 3-Polling Question
War Against the Bank
President Jackson forced the National Bank to close, and economic problems split the Democratic Party.
Section 3
War Against the Bank
(cont.)
• Believing it only considered the interests of the wealthy, President Jackson wanted to weaken the
institution
of the National Bank. •
Henry Clay
and
Daniel Webster
formulated a plan with the president of the National Bank to defeat Jackson in the election of 1832.
• The plan backfired when Jackson popular support won reelection.
vetoed
the bill to renew the Bank’s charter and with Section 3
War Against the Bank
(cont.)
•
Martin Van Buren
was elected president in 1836, and shortly thereafter the country entered an economic
depression
.
• Van Buren believed in the principle of
laissez-faire
and established a new treasury system where private banks would not be dependent on government funds.
Section 3
Jackson attacked the Bank of the United States because A.
it was being run by corrupt elected officials.
B.
it provided loans to all citizens.
A. A
C.
D.
it financed foreign business deals that put Americans out of work.
A 0%
B. B
0%
C. C
B
D. D it was controlled by wealthy Easterners.
0% C 0% D
Section 3
The Whigs Take Power
After Harrison’s death, Tyler took the presidency in a direction that went against the Whigs’ goals, and the Whigs lost power.
Section 3
The Whigs Take Power
(cont.)
• The Whigs nominated
William Henry Harrison
, a hero of the War of 1812, to run against President Van Buren in the election of 1840.
• To gain the support of laborers and farmers, the Whigs adopted a log cabin as their
symbol
.
Section 3
The Whigs Take Power
(cont.)
• Harrison died of pneumonia shortly after taking office, and his running mate,
John Tyler
, became president.
• The Whig party became increasingly divided and ultimately lost the 1844 election to Democratic candidate
James Polk
.
Section 3
What was the reason the Whigs won the 1840 election?
A.
They made a “corrupt bargain” with Henry Clay to steal the presidency.
B.
The Democrats split over Van Buren.
C.
They ended the Panic of 1837.
A. A
0% C 0% D D.
They gained support from farmers D. D and laborers rather than the wealthy elite.
Section 3
Section 3-End
VS 1
VS 2
VS-End
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Section Transparencies Menu
Daily Test Practice Transparency 11 –1
Select a transparency to view.
S1 Trans Menu
DTP Trans 1
LT 1B
LT 1C
Section Transparencies Menu
Daily Test Practice Transparency 11 –2
Select a transparency to view.
S2 Trans Menu
DTP Trans 2
LT 2
Section Transparencies Menu
Daily Test Practice Transparency 11 –3
Select a transparency to view.
S3 Trans Menu
DTP Trans 3
majority
more than half Vocab1
plurality
largest single share Vocab2
spoils system
practice of handing out government jobs to supporters; replacing government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters Vocab3
caucus
a meeting held by a political party to choose its party’s candidate for president or to decide policy Vocab4
nominating convention
system in which delegates from the states selected the party’s presidential candidate Vocab5
tariff
a tax on imports or exports Vocab6
nullify
to cancel or make ineffective Vocab7
secede
to leave or withdraw Vocab8
select
choose Vocab9
participate
take part in Vocab10
relocate
to force a person or group of people to move Vocab11
guerrilla tactics
referring to surprise attacks or raids rather than organized warfare Vocab12
federal
the national or central governing authority Vocab13
survive
continue to live Vocab14
veto
to reject a bill and prevent it from becoming a law Vocab15
depression
a period of low economic activity and widespread unemployment Vocab16
laissez-faire
policy that government should interfere as little as possible in the nation’s economy Vocab17
institution
an organization Vocab18
symbol
an object that represents something else Vocab19
To use this Presentation Plus! product:
Click the
Forward
button to go to the next slide.
Click the
Previous
button to return to the previous slide.
Click the
Home
button to return to the Chapter Menu. Click the
Transparency
button from within a section to access the transparencies that are relevant to the section.
Click the
Return
button in a feature to return to the main presentation.
Click the
History Online
button to access online textbook features. Click the
Reference Atlas
button to access the Interactive Reference Atlas. Click the
Exit
button or press the
Escape
key [Esc] to end the chapter slide show.
Click the
Help
button to access this screen.
Links to
Presentation Plus!
features such as Maps in Motion, Graphs in Motion, Charts in Motion, Concepts in Motion, figures from your textbook, and Section Spotlight Videos are located at the bottom of relevant screens.
This slide is intentionally blank.
End of Custom Shows