Transcript Document

Characteristics
of Living
Things
Study Pack #2
Let’s see what you know…
True or False
All living things are made up of cells.
True or False
A response is a change in an organism’s
environment.
True or False
Plants are one example of heterotrophs.
True or False
All organisms must have water.
Characteristics
of Living Things
Cellular Organization
Contain similar chemicals
Use energy
Grow and develop
Respond to their surroundings
Reproduce
Cellular Organization
All organisms are made of small
building blocks called cells
Cells are very small – so small you
need a microscope to see them
Cellular Organization
Organisms may contain one cell or
many cells
Unicellular – single-celled organisms like
bacteria
Multicellular – composed of many cells
each with special jobs
Contain Similar Chemicals
The cells of living things contain many
chemicals
Water
Carbohydrates for energy
Lipids and proteins for building
materials
Nucleic acids for chemical instructions
Energy Use
Your cells constantly use energy to do
certain jobs
For example:
Your eye and brain cells are busy as you read
Your stomach and intestine cells are digesting
food
Your blood cells are moving chemicals around
your body
Growth and Development
Energy is used for an organism to
become more complex over time
Organisms use energy to create new
cells
Other objects may grow and change
over time but they do not become more
complex – this is development
Response to Surroundings
A change in an organism’s environment
that causes it to react is called a
stimulus
Stimuli include changes in:
Temperature
Light
Sound
others
Response to Surroundings
Stimulus – change in the environment
Response – an action or change in
behavior
For example : Consider your response
to the stimulus of a loud noise
Non-living things such as rocks do not
react to such stimuli
Reproduction
To produce offspring similar to the
parent
Asexual
Sexual
The Needs of Living Things
Is it odd to think that you, a squirrel,
and tree all basically need the same
things?
Energy
Water
Living Space
Stable Internal Conditions
Energy
Where do you get your energy?
Organisms use food as their energy
source
Organisms differ in how they get their
energy
Energy
For example: Plants capture the sun’s
energy and use it along with other
materials to make their own food
Autotrophs are organisms that make
their own food
auto means “self”
troph means “feeder”
For example: plants
Energy
Heterotrophs are organism that cannot
make their own food
Hetero means “other”
For example: humans
We also get our energy from the sun, but
indirectly
We consume autotrophs (plants) or we
consumer other heterotrophs that
consume autotrophs (cows)
Water
Organisms need water to get chemicals
from their surrounding, break down
foods, grow, move substances around
the body, and reproduce
Water makes up 92% of your blood
which carries oxygen and food to your
cells
Cells also contain water that chemicals
are dissolved in
Living Space
All organisms need a place to get food
and water and find shelter
Sometimes organisms must compete
for this space
Stable Internal Conditions
Because their outside environments
can constantly change, organisms must
be able to keep environments inside
their bodies constant
Stable Internal Conditions
The ability to keep stable internal
conditions even though surroundings
are constantly changing is called
homeostasis
For example, the way your body
maintains a certain temperature
Let’s see what you know…
True or False
All living things are made up of cells.
True or False
A response is a change in an organism’s
environment.
True or False
Plants are one example of heterotrophs.
True or False
All organisms must have water.
Homework
Frayer Model: Organism