Transcript An overview of CCS developments in Norway

Classification: Internal
Status: Draft
10 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
Tore A Torp, Dr.ing.
Adviser CO2 Storage, StatoilHydro ASA, Norway
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11 years of SLEIPNER CO2 Storage
CONTENT:
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“Low Carbon Diet”
Industrial Experiences with CO2
Sleipner, In Salah, K12B, Ketzin, Snohvit and ???
VISION
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Sleipner CO2 injection:
- Decided in 1992
- In operation since 1996
- 1 million tonne CO2/år
Time Magazine,
17. May 2004
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Previous Experiences with CO2 & Injection
• Enhanced Oil Recovery (Texas, Hungary, Turkey, Brazil,Croatia)
• Natural gas cleaning
• Transport – Pipelines & Ships
• Natural gas re-injection
• Natural gas underground storage
and
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Beer & soft drinks, dry cleaning, food packaging – Every day life
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Yara CO2-tankers, 1500 m3 capacity
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The Sleipner field – CO2 Treatment and Injection
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CO2 Injection Well in "Utsira"
Sleipner A
0
Sleipner T
500
m
CO 2 Injection W ell
1000
m
CO 2
Utsir a
For mation
1500
m
Sleipner Øst
Production and Injection
Wells
2000
m
0
2500
m
Heimdal Formation
500
m
1000
m
1500
m
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The Utsira Formation
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SALINE AQUIFER CO2 STORAGE PROJECT
Statoil
BP
ExxonMobil
Total
Norsk Hydro
Vattenfall
BGS
BRGM
GEUS
IFP
NITG-TNO
SINTEF
IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme
Schlumberger Research
NO, DK, NL, FR & UK Authorities
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Time-lapse seismic datasets of CO2 stored in Utsira formation
Plume extension & top Utsira time map11
CO2 distribution June 2006
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8,4 million tonnes injected over 10 years
Plume area: 2,8 km2 (1,3 km2 in 2001)
Plume long axis: 3760 m
Maximum distance from injection point: 2560m
saddle
Maximum speed of front since 2004: 250 m/year,
Distance from CO2 to wells:
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Exploration well 15/9-13: 430m, decreasing about 12 m/year
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D-template: about 2 km straight west of northern plume
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15/9-19 wells: about 4,5 km north of plume
Injection
point
15/9-13
430m
Plume
outline June
2006
Plume
outline Oct
2001
Amplitude maps of the uppermost horizon, in
2001 (left), 2004 (middle) and 2006 (right).
Hot colours represent higher amplitudes and
thicker CO2 accumulation.
1 km
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Simulated picture of the distribution of CO2 after three years.
Radius of largest bubble 800 m and the total plume 200 m high.
Ref: SINTEF Petroleum 2001
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Dissolution of CO2 in the Utsira Brine
Year 2412
Year 2021
Year 2621
Year 5019
Year 7018
Source: Gemini No. 1, 2004 (NTNU and Sintef)
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SACS Project 1998-2002
WHAT WE DID ACHIEVE:
• 3D Seismic proven, Gravimetry tested
• Reservoir simulation tools partly proven
• Geology and Geochemistry of “Utsira” mapped
• Reason to expect the CO2 to stay for thousands of years
DOCUMENTATION
• “SACS Best Practice Manual, 1.version.”
• Download from www.co2store.org, see page “SACS”.
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Demonstrations of CO2 storage
SNØHVIT
SLEIPNER
KETZIN
WEYBURN
IN SALAH
FRIO BRINE
Nagaoka
K12B
GORGON
Source: IEA GHG
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Sleipner CO2 Injection
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SAFETY STRATEGY
- Prepare
- Detect
- Remediate
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What is keeping the CO2 down?
Trapping Mechanisms
• Closure
- from day one –faults?
• Micro-pore trapping - during injection - lasting
• Dissolution in water - sinking to the bottom – centuries
• Mineral binding - precipitating solids – centuries/millennia
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Possible Leakage?
Leakage ways?
• WELLS - Corrosion of cement & steel
• Faults/Cracks – Overpressure critical
• Underground fluid mobility – Site specific
Prevention
• Detection
• Remediation
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Monitoring and safety over TIME?
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Before start:
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During injection: Monitoring – “Watch the barn doors” => report
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Closure:
Monitoring and long-term risk => agreement
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Post-closure:
Monitoring gradually less => hand-over
Site selection, Planning and Risk assessment =>licence
 Safety against leakage will be better over time!
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CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS)
needs two legs to walk!
Leg 1: TRUST in Storage
Leg 2: COST of Capture
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Methods from oil and gas industry
Geology varies from place to place
 More demonstrations
Costs
 Better technologies
Pace: CO2 Transport
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Energy use
Pipeline
Ship
 Large projects
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SLEIPNER - 10 years of CO2 Storage
THANKS for your attention!
QUESTIONS?