Transcript Document

Networks & Communication #1
GCSE work
• LAN
Networks
• WAN
• Local Area Network
• Wide Area Network
LAN
(1) LAN: Computers connected by cable
Old networks used this
layout called a BUS
network.
The cable physically ran
from computer to computer.
A server would just have
been one machine
connected to the cable.
At each end of the cable
was a “terminator”.
Break the cable: all network traffic
stops
LAN
We now use a tree layout for the network:
Break a cable… and it
stops one computer…
or maybe one section
of the network…
LAN
Terminology:
• SWITCH – a device into which cables from
a group of computers are connected.
• Its function: to allow multiple computers to
be grouped together and communicate with
other switches/hubs/computers on the
network.
• It is “intelligent” as it learns which
computer is connected to which port.
• PORT – a physical connection on the
switch.
LAN
Terminology:
• HUB – a device into which cables from a
group of computers are connected.
• Its function: to allow multiple computers to
be grouped together and communicate with
other switches/hubs/computers on the
network.
• It is NOT “intelligent” so messages reach
their destination by trial & error.
LAN
• Computers
connected to a
network
require a
NETWORK
INTERFACE
CARD or NIC
for short fitted
to them.
LAN
(2) LAN: Wireless network
• We have added wireless networking to the
school.
• Wireless Access Points are distributed
around the school to allow computers to
connect to the main school network.
• Why? Not everywhere is cabled. It gives
laptop users the option of being connected
to the network no matter where they are.
LAN
Wireless
• The RANGE that wireless can work
depends on the buildings and obstructions
to signals.
• One WAP is in the technology block and a
signal can be picked up anywhere in that
building.
• It is possible to pick up a signal just in front
of the trees near the art block…
LAN
Wireless
• A Wireless Access Point
• A Wireless Network Card
LAN
• So now our network diagram looks like this:
WAN
(3) WAN
• An example of a Wide Area Network is the
Internet.
• Millions of computers around the world all
able to communicate with each other, access
web pages, Email and more.
• To be part of a WAN, you need a phone line
& modem. Some need satellites, ISDN or
ADSL to be part of the network.
WAN & BGS
• Our network now looks like this:
WAN
Terminology:
• ROUTER – a device to carry transmissions
from one network (our LAN) to another
network (Internet).
• Why don’t we use a modem? It’s too slow.
56,000 bits per second for a modem v
2,000,000 bits per second for the router and
the broadband (fast) connection we have.
http://static.howstuffworks.com/flash/router-inet.swf
Homework
•
•
•
•
Go through this presentation again
Learn the TERMINOLOGY
Know what a LAN and WAN are
Have a good reason why wireless
networking can be an advantage to some
computer users.