Transcript The American Revolution

The American Revolution
Unit 1
Fall 2011
Monday, August 22, 2011
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Standard: SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution.
a.
Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French and
Indian War and the 1763 Treaty of Paris laid the groundwork for the American
Revolution.
b.
Explain colonial response to such British actions as the Proclamation of 1763, the Stamp
Act and the Intolerable Acts as seen in the Sons and Daughters of Liberty and
Committees of Correspondence.
c.
Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense to the movement for
independence.
Essential Question: How did the French and Indian War lead to
conflict between the American colonists and leaders in Great
Britain?
Agenda:
1.
Bell work
2.
Finish video
3.
Notes: The Causes of the American Revolution
4.
Chart: Primary Causes of the American Revolution
5.
Writing assignment: What were the causes of the American Revolution? How
did the French and Indian War contribute to the war? You are a colonist,
write a letter the king about your complaints and concerns.
6.
HW: complete questions on page 43
The French and Indian War
1754- Rivalry between the French and
English over the control of North America
 Spring 1759, the British begin a campaign
to take Quebec, the capital of New France.
 By 1761, the British have taken all the
French posts and forts along the Great
Lakes and St Lawrence River.
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Treaty of Paris of 1763
1763, representatives from Spain, an ally
of France, and the two warring countries
meet in Paris to sign the Treaty of Paris
(1763).
 The French gave all land in Canada to the
British and released all claim to the land
east of the Mississippi- except New
Orleans which the French had given to the
Spanish in a secret treaty the year before.
 The British returned Cuba to the Spanish,
which they had captured during the war,
and received Florida.
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Proclamation of 1763
Forbade colonists from settling west of the
Appalachian Mountains
 Put territory under British military control
 Intended to manage Britain’s new
territories and ensure peace with Native
Americans
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New British Taxes and Laws
Sugar Act,
 Quartering Act
 Stamp Act – Tax levied on goods and
services
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 Required the purchase of special paper for legal
documents, licenses, newspapers, pamphlets, and
almanacs.
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Townsend Acts
– Established indirect taxes on goods imported
from Britain by the British colonists in North
America
The Colonist Fight Back
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Stamp Act Congress
– Issued a Declaration of Rights and Grievances
Sons of Liberty
– Organized by Samuel Adams in resistance of the Stamp Act
Boston Massacre
– In Boston a protest erupted into violence and British soldiers killed five
colonists.
Committees of Correspondence
– One of the groups set up by American colonists to exchange
information about British threats to their liberties.
Boston Tea Party
– The dumping of 15,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor by the
colonists
Intolerable Acts (reaction to Boston Tea Party)
– A series of laws enacted by Parliament in 1774 to punish colonists for
the Boston Tea Party
– Boston placed under martial law
First Continental Congress
– Delegates met to draw up a declaration of colonial rights.
Tuesday, August 23, 2011
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a.
b.
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6.
Standard: SSUSH4 The student will identify the ideological, military and diplomatic
aspects of the American Revolution.
Explain the language, organization and intellectual sources of the Declaration of
Independence; include the writing of John Locke and the role of Thomas Jefferson
Explain the reason for and significance of the French alliance and foreign assistance
and the roles of Benjamin Franklin and Marquis Lafayette
Essential Question: What idea’s presented in Thomas Paine’s Common
Sense and the Declaration of Independence affected by political and
economic views of the American colonist?
Bell work
Unpack standard
Discuss cause and effect chart
Notes: Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution
Dramatic reading: Declaration of Independence
Reading: Declaration of Independence
The Revolution Begins
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Lexington and Concord – 1st battle of the
American Revolution.
– Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott
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Second Continental Congress
– Met in 1775, John Adams suggested that each colony
set up its own government and Congress declared the
colonies independent.
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Olive Branch Petition
– Petition sent to King George by Congress.
– Congress urging a return to former harmony
Political Philosophers
John Locke
1.
Two Treatises of
Government
2.
Government rules by
consent of the governed.
If government does not
meet the people’s needs,
they can change it.
All persons are guaranteed
natural rights. (life, liberty,
property)
All persons are born free,
equal, and independent.
3.
4.
5.
Political Philosophers
Baron de Montesquieu
1.
Best government for a group
depends on that group.
2.
Political authority divided
into executive, legislative,
and judicial powers.
3.
Government does not have
to permanent.
4.
Wrote The Spirit of Laws
Common Sense
– An anonymous essay
published in pamphlet form
that attacked King George
– Written by Thomas Paine –
he wrote in a simple, direct
style
– Pamphlet persuaded
readers to support a
complete break from
Britain
– Appeared at the time of the
Second Continental
Congress
Declaration of Independence
– Drafted after George III refuse the Olive Branch
Petition
– 1776- The Congress appointed a committee to
prepare a statement of the reasons for the separation
– Written by Thomas Jefferson
– Preamble
 Explained the purpose of the document and was followed by
a section explaining that people have natural rights.
– The third section listed the wrongs the colonists
believed the British king had committed
– Rule of Law – Jefferson wrote that public official must
make decisions based on law, not on their personal
wishes
The British
The upside
 well equipped, disciplined, trained army, well
supplied by Navy, support of 50,000 colonial
loyalists, promised freedom to slaves who would
help, Indian support, mercenaries
 The downside
 Unpopular war in Britain – they resented paying
taxes to fight the war, sympathized with
Americans, fought in unfamiliar conditions
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The Americans
The upside
 Fighting on their territory, officers were
familiar with fighting tactics from French &
Indian War, George Washington was an
excellent general, had support of AfricanAmericans
 The downside
 Lacked a well-supplied, stable, and
effective fighting force, inexperienced
soldiers
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Crossing the Delaware
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While the Declaration of Independence was being written, the war
raged on
George Washington was chosen as the leader of the Continental
Army and made the best of his untrained army and lack of supplies
Despite this, Washington’s men were defeated in the battle for New
York in August 1776
Washington and his men were forced to cross the Delaware River
into Pennsylvania in late fall
By that time, the vast majority of Washington’s men had either
deserted or been killed or captured – fewer than 8,000 men
remained under Washington’s command and their terms of
enlistment were set to end on Dec. 31
Washington needed a victory to keep his men from going home
The Americans rallied to victory at Trenton at Christmas 1776
Crossing of the Delaware River
Wednesday, August 24, 2011
Essential Question: How did foreign support help the cause of Americans in
the Revolutionary War?
 Standard: SSUSH5 The student will identify the ideological, military and
diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution.
a. Explain the reason for and significance of the French alliance and foreign
assistance and the roles of Benjamin and the Marquis de Lafayette
Agenda
1. Bell work
2. Unpack the standard
3. Check homework
4. Students will be assigned a major event of the American Revolution and
prepare to present it to the class.
5. The students will present their event and place it on the timeline provided.
6. Students will begin watching- America: The story of US
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Thursday, August 24, 2011
Essential Question: How did foreign
support help the cause of the Americans
in the Revolutionary War?
1. Bell work
2. Check homework (Discuss DoI and
vocab)
3. Watch video: The Revolution
4. Bingo: Review for test
5. Essay Questions:
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Possible Essay Questions
Identify and explain the major events that
contributed to the causes of the American
Revolution.
 Compare and contrast the Middle,
Southern and New England colonies.
Include information about the founding,
religion and economy.
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Friday, August 26, 2011
1.
2.
3.
Check notebooks
Unit 1 Test
Questions about the Articles of
Confederation.