Transcript Provisional Results of

ECONOMIC STATISTICS
PROGRAMME IN INDIA
by
S.K.Nath, INDIA
1
MAIN PROGRAMMES ON
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
 Annual
Surveys of Industries (ASI)
 Economic Census
 Country-wide Large Scale Sample
Surveys
 Census of Registered Small Scale
Industries
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CHALLENGES
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Under Economic Statistics there is no
Statistical Act for data collection, except
for ASI
There are more than 42 million
establishments / enterprises in the
country. This excludes activities relating
to crop plantation and production
There are more than 211 million households
There are 17 National Languages
Data are collected through physical visits
Schedules require interview for 2 hours
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Annual Survey of Industries
(Manufacturing/Repair Sector)
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General Information
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Data Collected under “Collection of
Statistics Act, 1953
ASI extends to the entire country except
three States and one Union Territory
National Industrial Classification (based on
ISIC ) is followed.
ASICC (ASI Commodity Classification) is
followed for input-output data collection
List frame followed for ASI
Micro data available on public domain
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Objective
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Estimation of the contribution of
manufacturing industries as a whole and of
different industry groups to national
income
Systematic study of the structure of
industry as a whole and of each type of
industry
Analysis of various factors influencing
industry in the country and
Providing a comprehensive, factual and
systematic basis for formulation of
policies.
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Industries Covered
Factories and industrial units registered under
Sections 2m (i) & (ii) of the Factories Act, 1948
employing 10 or more workers using power or
employing 20 or more workers without power
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Bidi and cigar manufacturing establishments
registered under the Bidi and Cigar Workers
(Conditions of Employment) Act, 1966 and
employing 10 or more workers using power or
employing 20 or more workers
List frame is maintained and updated annually
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Unit of Enumeration
The primary unit of enumeration in the survey is:
 a factory in the case of manufacturing
industries
 an establishment in the case of bidi and cigar
industries
 a workshop in the case of repair services and
 an undertaking or a licensee in the case of
electricity, gas and water supply undertakings
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Sampling Design
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Frame of units for each Industry Group at 4 digit level
of National Industrial Classification (NIC) is stratified
by States at first stage and put in descending order of
number of workers;
Units with 100 or more workers are separated as
census sector units;
All units are selected if number of units within each
group is less than six;
If stratum size is =<6, then complete enumeration is
done
If stratum size > 6, 20% sample is selected subject to
a minimum of 6, with half in each of the 2 sub-samples;
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Data Collection Strategy
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List frame
As per law, Annual General Meeting of a
company should be held by September
Data collected from such “Administrative
documents” by regular enumerators located
though out the country
Joint return is received from some
enterprises
Management units are contacted when local
units do not have balance sheets
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INFORMATION COLLECTED
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Type of Organisation /Ownership
Assets and Liabilities
Employment and Labour Cost
Receipts
Expenses
Input items (Indigenous)
Input Items ( Imported)
Products and by-products
Distributive Expenses
Electricity generated / purchased /consumed / sold
Exports (*)
Pollution Control – Degree / P & M for abatement (*)
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ECONOMIC CENSUS
Of INDIA
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Challenges for Data Collection
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Indian economic census is the largest
enumeration exercise in terms of
Technological intricacies
Volume of work
Involvement of huge manpower
Imparting training to large number of field
personnel
Monitoring and coordination of pre-census,
census period and post census operations
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Scope and coverage
– Al the States/UTs
– All economic activities except those involved
in crop production and plantation
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New features of last Economic Census2005
– Canvassing of a separate “Address Slip”
– Use of Intelligent Character Recognition
(ICR) technology for scanning and data
processing
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Schedules
– (i) House List,
– (ii) Enterprise/Establishment
Schedule
– (iii) Abstracts- for Rural and Urban
– (iv)Address Slip
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SCHEDULES
OF
ECONOMIC CENSUS-2005
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HOUSE LIST
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House List : To list all the households and identify
the enterprises in these households or any
member has enterprise outside the household
without fixed location.
Enterprise Schedule : Detailed information on
various characteristics relating to the enterprises
viz. number of workers, social group of owner,
registration code etc., for all the enterprises
listed in the HL form is to be collected here.
NOTE: House listing and filling up Enterprise
schedule done simultaneously.
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House List
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RURAL - ID
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URBAN ID
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Data Collection Strategy: RURAL
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In Rural areas, all the census villages within
the geographical boundary of the country
will be covered
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One enumerator is allotted the work of 1 to
3 Enumeration Blocks consisting of about
200-230 households. In hilly/terrain areas
EB consists of 120 to 150 households
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Data Collection Strategy: URBAN
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In Urban areas, all the cities/towns within the
geographical boundary of the country will be covered
with the help of Urban Frame Survey (UFS) Blocks
prepared by NSSO of the Ministry of Statistics & PI.
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For identification of UFS blocks, the following
materials was made available to all enumerators:
– maps for each Investigator unit (IV unit)
– boundary details of each block within an investigator
unit
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Establishment/Enterprise Schedule
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Information Collected
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Location- fixed / mobile –within hh or outside
Number of workers ( hired / non-hired) according
to sex
Economic Activities confirming to ISIC-4 digit
Social group of owner,
Registration code
Major activity and Subsidiary activity
Ownership of enterprise
Sources of outstanding loans
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ABSTRACT FOR QUICK DATA
RELEASE
Abstract : To be filled for each
enumeration unit by the enumerator by
transferring entries from ‘Total’ row of
the ABSTRACT form.
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POST ENUMERATION CHECKS
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In order to assess the quality of data collected,
post enumeration checks was conducted by in all
the States/UTs after completion of the fieldwork
of the Economic Census,2005
Two villages and two urban blocks were selected
at random from each of about 600 districts
throughout the country
PEC was done by trained investigators of the
Ministry of Statistics & PI (NSSO) who was not
involved in the fieldwork of the census
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DATA PROCESSING
Intelligence Character Recognition (ICR)
technology or Automated Forms Processing
is used for processing the data
 The technology enables the user to process
documents from their images of the filled-in
schedules and convert them into database
 This permits permanent storage of copy of
the original schedules in electronic form.
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LAN SETUP - DATA CENTREs
Export station
Supervisor Export completed batches
as ASCII file for further processing
Controller station
Scanning station
Supervisor Monitor the workflow & Balance
the load at different stages of operation
Forms are fed thru SCANNER(S)
batch by batch
Supervisors Handle
Exceptional cases referred
by Operators
Exception stations
Form
IMAGES
stored in
Network
DISK
Server
Recognition stations
Tile/Correction station - Un-recognised
Characters are corrected by OPERATORS
Tiling & Completion stations
Field by field
character
images are
automatically
RECOGNISED
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TILING STATION
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TILING STATION
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COMPLETION STATION [Field mode ]
Houselist
Extracted
data
Enterprise Schedule
Enterprise Abstract
Form Image
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LARGE SCALE
SAMPLE SURVEYS
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Basic Information
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Large scale Socio-economic sample surveys are
conducted by National Sample Survey
Organisation (NSSO) on regular basis. Have
5000 regular staff
Topic of Surveys: Consumer Expenditure/
Labour Force – on regular basis, other subjects
are taken up according to 5/10 year cycle or on
priority basis
Coverage: Entire country
Survey round: One year for Economic Surveys:
Jul-Jun
Frame: Area Frame based on Economic Census
used for Enterprise Surveys
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Sampling Design
Data Collection Strategy
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Two Stage Stratified Sampling
FSU’s are Villages / Urban blocks
Listing of HHS or Establishments done for each
selected FSUs and further stratified according to
sampling strategy varies from survey to survey
SSUs ( HHs / Establishments) are chosen based on
Circular Systematic Sampling.
Each investigator visits the selected SSUs and fills up
paper schedule running into 8-10 pages
Depending on surveys, multiple activity-wise data are
collected
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INFORMATION COLLECTED
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Type of Organisation /Ownership
Assets and Liabilities
Employment and Labour Cost
Receipts
Expenses
Input items
Products and by-products
Distributive Expenses
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Recent Surveys taken up
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R63- Jul 06-Jun 07: Service Sector (excl-Trade)
R62- Jul05-Jun 06: Unorganised Manufacturing
R57-Jul 01-Jun 02: Unorganised Services (excl- Trade
& Finance)
R56-Jul 00-Jun01: Unorganised Manufacturing
R55-Jul 99-Jun 00: Informal Sector Enterprise
(excluding Agriculture)
X Aug98-Jun 99: Special Enterprise Survey
R53-Jul 97-Dec 96 : Trading (NDTE, OATE)
R51-Jul 94-Jun95 : Unorganised Manufacturing
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INDIAN CENSUS OF
REGISTERED SMALL SCALE
INDUSTRIES
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Definition of SSI Sector
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Consists of SSI and SSSBE
SSI – Small Scale Industrial undertakings
having investment in fixed Assets in Plant
and Machinery, whether held on ownership
terms or on lease or by hire-purchase does
not exceed Rs. 10 million ( ~ $ 2,487,562)
SSSBE – Small Scale Service and Business
(industry related) with investment in fixed
assets, excluding land and building, upto Rs.
1 million.
Registration: Not Compulsory
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Survey Design
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Coverage: Entire Country
Census of all registered units ( about 2.3
million)
Sample Survey of 19278 villages / urban
blocks to net unregistered sector
Design: Two stage Sampling based on EC
frame, FSUs having more than 200 units
chosen with prob=1 and rest based on PPS.
At SSU – 20 units for FSU selected with
prob=1 and 10 units from rest FSUs.
Method: Mostly Interview
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INFORMATION COLLECTED
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Type of Organisation /Ownership
Management by sex
Assets and Net-worth
Plant Machinery-original value
Employment
Gross output
Description of Products and by-products
Exports
Seasonality in operation
Use of computer
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Reasons for sickness, if any
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