Transcript The Radical Realm of Robots

The Radical Realm of Robots
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A robot is a mechanical or virtual agent, usually
an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by
a computer program or electronic circuitry. Robots can
be autonomous or semi-autonomous and range from
humanoids such as Honda's Advanced Step in Innovative
Mobility (ASIMO) and Tosy's TOSY Ping Pong Playing
Robot (TOPIO) to industrial robots, collectively
programmed 'swarm' robots, and even microscopic nano
robots. By mimicking a lifelike appearance or automating
movements, a robot may convey a sense of intelligence
or thought of its own.
Types of robots come in all shapes and sizes. The purpose
of each robot type is engineered to perform and carry
out its given responsibility. The different types of robots
are designed to operate in a fashion that helps our
everyday lives. They’re built with us in mind and have
really improved our overall environment.
Predator Drone
(MQ-1 Predator)
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The General Atomics MQ-1 Predator is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) built by General Atomics and
used primarily by the United States Air Force (USAF) and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Initially
conceived in the early 1990s for reconnaissance and forward observation roles, the Predator carries
cameras and other sensors but has been modified and upgraded to carry and fire two AGM-114
Hellfire missiles or other munitions. The aircraft, in use since 1995, has
seen combat over Afghanistan, Pakistan, Bosnia, Serbia, Iraq, Yemen, Libya, and Somalia.
The USAF describes the Predator as a "Tier II" MALE UAS (medium-altitude, long-endurance unmanned
aircraft system). The UAS consists of four aircraft or "air vehicles" with sensors, a ground control
station (GCS), and a primary satellite link communication suite. Powered by a Rotax engine and driven by a
propeller, the air vehicle can fly up to 400 nautical miles (740 km) to a target, loiter overhead for 14 hours,
then return to its base.
Following 2001, the RQ-1 Predator became the primary unmanned aircraft used for offensive operations
by the USAF and the CIA in Afghanistan and the Pakistani tribal areas; it has also been deployed
elsewhere. Because offensive uses of the Predator are classified, U.S. military officials have reported an
appreciation for the intelligence and reconnaissance-gathering abilities of UAVs but declined to publicly
discuss their offensive use.
• Created by General Atomics in 1994
General Characteristics
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Crew: none on-board
Length: 27 ft (8.22 m)
Wingspan: 48.7 ft (14.8 m); MQ-1B Block 10/15: 55.25 ft (16.84 m)
Height: 6.9 ft (2.1 m)
Wing area: 123.3 sq ft (11.5 m²)
Empty weight: 1,130 lb (512 kg)
Loaded weight: 2,250 lb (1,020 kg)
Max. takeoff weigh: 2,250 lb (1,020 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 914F turbocharged four-cylinder engine, 115 hp (86 kW)
Performance
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Maximum speed: 135 mph (117 knots, 217 km/h)
Cruise speed: 81–103 mph (70–90 knots, 130–165 km/h)
Stall speed: 62 mph (54 knots, 100 km/h) (dependent on aircraft weight)
Range: 675 nmi (675 mi or 1,100 km)
Endurance: 24 hours
Service ceiling: 25,000 ft (7,620 m)
iRobot 710 Warrior®
• The iRobot Warrior (also described as the Warrior 700 or X700) is an
unmanned robotic platform from iRobot Corporation. The 285 lb (129 kg) robot
can traverse land at up to 9.3 mph (15 km/h) and is capable of carrying up to
500 lb (227 kg), including 150 lb (68 kg) in its manipulator. Able to climb steps and
slopes at up to 45°, the next generation of remote control robotic vehicles is
bigger, faster, and more capable than their smaller counterparts. Initial intended
uses are Explosive Ordnance Disposal, route-clearance, surveillance,
reconnaissance, casualty extraction, firefighting, manipulating and welding.
iRobot has teamed up with Metal Storm to mount an electronically controlled
firing system on a Warrior capable of firing up to 16 rounds per second.
In circa 2008, iRobot announced that it received a $3.75 million dollar contract
from Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center for
research and development.
• Versatile – Highly configurable, 710 Warrior is designed to meet the demands
of dangerous situations.
• Rugged – Suitable for indoor and outdoor use, 710 Warrior maintains
mobility on tough terrain, in urban environments and in all weather conditions.
• Expandable – 710 Warrior accommodates a wide range of payloads and
accessories, enabling multiple missions.
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Robot Specifications Chassis
Length: 35" (88.9 cm)
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Width:
- 21.2” (54.1 cm) will flippers removed
- 30.2” (76.7 cm) with flippers installed
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Height:
- 18” (45.7 cm) stowed (for the chassis only)
- 29.8” (75.7 cm) stowed (with 2-link
manipulator arm)
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Weight:
- 365 lbs (165.6 kg) - 500 lbs (226.8 kg) with
arm installed
(both figures are inclusive of battery and flipper
weight)
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Allocated Payload Weight: In excess of 150 lbs
(68 kg)
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Max Speed: 8 mph (12.9 km/h)
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Environmental
Certified to European Community Council
Directive 2004/108/EC Heavy Industrial:
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Conforms to the emissions requirement
of EN 61000-6-4:2007, +A1:2011
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Conforms to the immunity requirements
of EN 61000-6-2:2005
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Designed to an ingress protection of IP67
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Designed to meet:
-MIL-STD-461
-MIL-STD-464
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Communications
Digital radio: 2.4 GHz or 4.9 GHz
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Allows use of other Ethernet radios
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Wireless Range
2600 ft (800 m)
Deployment
About 60 seconds
Power Source
12 BB-2590/U Batteries
Runtime of 4 to 10 hours
60 second tool-less battery
installation/removal
Navigation
Supports assisted tele-operated
behavior:
Optional obstacle avoidance sensors
Intelligent payload positioning
IMU
Mobility
Dual track system with articulated
flippers for
enhanced mobility:
Extreme mobility in aggressive terrain
and urban environments
Suitable for indoor and outdoor
missions
Ability to recover from a roll
Vertical Obstacles: 18.5” (47 cm)
Stair Climbing: 45º
Slopes: 45º
Water Ford: 18” (45.7 cm)
Gap with arm installed: 36” (91.4 cm)
Payload Ports
2 @ 500W
3 @ 100W
Maintenance
3-tiered maintenance concept:
Field maintenance
Sustainment maintenance
Depot maintenance
2-Link Heavy-Lift Manipulator Specifications
Arm Extension: 75” (192.2 cm)
Arm Weight: 135 lbs (61.2 kg)
Lift Capacity:
In excess of 70 lbs (31.6 kg) at full extension
300 lbs (136.1 kg) at close-in position
300 lbs (136.1 kg) at close-in position
Nominal gripper strength of 700 lbs
Turret camera
Gripper cameras
Quick disconnect from chassis
Quick disconnect gripper
4 payload ports providing power, Ethernet and video
Default Language:
English
Maker iRobot ®
iRobot 110 FirstLook®
•Get situational awareness in a range of mission
environments…
Maintain a persistent presence for more than six
hours…
Investigate tunnels, ditches, culverts and other
hard-to-access places…
•Small, light and throwable, the iRobot 110
FirstLook is ideal for a wide range of infantry and
special operations missions, including building
clearing, raids and other close-in scenarios.
•Key Features
Portable
Rugged
Mobile
Flexible
•FirstLook is light, small and stores in a standard
load-out. The robot weighs about 5 pounds and is
10 inches long, 9 inches wide and 4 inches tall.
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Robot Specifications
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System Components
FirstLook Robot
Operator Control Unit
(OCU)
Robot and OCU charger
with BB-2590 Adapter
Weight 5.4 lbs. (2.45
kg)
Height 4" (10.2 cm)
Length 10" (25.4 cm)
Width 9" (22.9 cm)
Speed Up to 3.4 mph
(5.47 km/h)
Radio communication
Line-of-sight range up
to 656 ft. (200 m)
Digital radio
Modular interface
Radio frequencies
Default: 2.4 GHz
Optional: 4.9 GHz
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Cameras4 built-in cameras –
front, rear and side-facing
Adjustable exposure and
gain
Pan, tilt and 8X digital zoom
Illumination Infrared
Runtime More than 6 hours
on average
Payload expansion Payload
accessory port facilitates
integration of specialized
cameras, thermal imagers,
chem-bio sensors, and
charge deployment
accessories.
Rugged IP67 (submersible
to 3.3 ft./ 1 m)
Operating temperature -4°
to 131° F (-20° to 55° C)
Autonomous behavior Selfright
Default Language:
English
Operator Control Unit (OCU)
Size4.3 in. L x 9 in. W x 1.8 in. H (11.4
cm L x 20.3 cm W x 32. cm H)
excluding collapsible antenna
Weight2 lbs. (0.8 kg)
Environmental Rugged, waterresistant
Screen5 in. (12.7 cm) LCD screen
800 x 480 resolution
Lithium-Ion battery
Game-style control layout
Integrated radio
Aware® 2 robot intelligence software
Integrated Deployment and Camera
(IDAC) Accessory
Expand FirstLook’s capabilities with
integrated features. Includes an
adjustable camera mounted on a
flexible mast for increased situational
awareness and motorized retention
pins for payload development.
270 degree adjustable camera angle
Visible light illumination
Three motorized retention pins
Maker iRobot ®
iRobot Roomba®
Roomba was introduced in 2002. As of August
2012, over 8 million units have been sold
worldwide. Roomba features a set of basic
sensors that help it perform tasks. For instance,
the Roomba is able to change direction on
encountering obstacles, detect dirty spots on
the floor, and detect steep drops to keep itself
from falling down stairs. It uses two
independently operating wheels that allow 360
degree turns. Additionally, it can adapt to
perform other more "creative" tasks using an
embedded computer in conjunction with the
Roomba Open Interface.
Made by the iRobot Corporation
Made in China
Default Language: None
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IROBOT ROOMBA® 650 FULL SPECIFICATIONS
The iRobot Roomba 650 Vacuum Cleaning Robot vacuums your
floors on schedule or at the push of a button. Using a patented,
three-stage cleaning system, Roomba vacuums your carpets, tile,
laminate and hardwood floors for you. AeroVac Technology and a
new brush design maximize cleaning results, with less hair
remaining tangled on bristles and a more evenly filled bin.
Thoroughly vacuums all floor types.
Roomba vacuums dirt, dust, hair and debris from your carpets,
hardwood, tile and laminate floors, automatically adjusting to
different floor surfaces as it moves through your home. Now
featuring AeroVac Technology, Roomba 650 is better equipped to
handle fibers like hair, pet fur, lint and carpet fuzz. Roomba 650
vacuums your floors using:
Patented, Three-Stage Cleaning System: A spinning side brush
cleans along wall edges as counter-rotating brushes pick up dirt,
dust, debris and pet hair from the floor. An efficient vacuum pulls
dirt and hair off of Roomba's brushes and into the bin.AeroVac
Technology: Optimized airflow pulls hair off Roomba's brushes
and guides it to the back of the AeroVac bin, allowing it to fill
more evenly and requiring you to empty it less often. This bin
also holds more debris than previous Roomba
generations.Improved Brush Design: An improved brush design
and optimized airflow means more hair is pulled off Roomba's
brushes and into the AeroVac bin. Less hair on the brushes means
Roomba can clean for longer and provide a more thorough
cleaning.
Cleans every section of your floor multiple times.
With iAdapt® Responsive Cleaning Technology, iRobot's
advanced system of software and sensors, Roomba chooses from
dozens of robotic behaviors more than 60 times per second. This
allows Roomba to clean more of your room, more thoroughly,
making multiple passes over every section of floor. Roomba
effortlessly gets under and around furniture and along wall
edges, going under bed skirts and curtains, avoiding stairs,
following walls and navigating through loose wires. Roomba 650
also adapts to your home using:Dirt Detect: Roomba uses an
acoustic sensor to find dirtier areas and then spends more time
cleaning them.
Keeps your house clean on schedule or at the push of a
button.
Designed with your convenience in mind, Roomba 650 starts
working for you on schedule or at the push of the CLEAN
button. The new AeroVac bin, with improved space utilization
fills more evenly, allowing you to empty it less often. Roomba
returns to its Home Base® to dock and recharge between
cleanings. Roomba 650 makes vacuuming even more
convenient with:On-Board Scheduling: Preset up to seven
times per week for Roomba to clean when it's most
convenient for you.Virtual Wall® Technology: The included
Virtual Wall emits an infrared beam that Roomba will not
cross, keeping it in the rooms you want to clean and out of
the ones you don't.
What's In The Box:1 Roomba 650 Vacuum Cleaning Robot
With AeroVac Bin1 Self-Charging Home Base1 Battery
Charger1 Extra AeroVac Filter1 Auto Virtual Wall (requires 2 C
batteries, not included)1-Year Manufacturer's Limited
Warranty On Robot, 6-Month Manufacturer's Limited
Warranty On Battery
Specifications:
Package Dimensions: 17 x 5 x 18 inches
Package Weight: 11.8 lbs.
Robot Dimensions: 13.39 inches in diameter, 3.62 inches in
height
Robot Weight: 7.9 lbs.
iRobot® SUGV
The XM1216 Small Unmanned Ground Vehicle (SUGV) is a
lightweight, man portable Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV)
capable of conducting military operations in urban terrain,
tunnels, sewers, and caves. The SUGV aids in the performance of
manpower-intensive or high-risk functions (i.e. urban Intelligence,
Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions, chemical/Toxic
Industrial Chemicals (TIC), Toxic Industrial Materials (TIM),
reconnaissance, etc.).
Schematics
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“The iRobot SUGV (Small Unmanned Ground Vehicle) is a
tactical mobile robot that gathers situational awareness in
dangerous conditions for warfighters and public safety
professionals.
Surveillance / Reconnaissance Explosive
Ordnance Disposal
Checkpoint, Vehicle and Personnel Inspections”
Made by iRobot ®
Default language: English
XM1216 SUGV Specifications
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Robot Dimensions
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Weight
32 lbs (14.5 kg) with no payloads
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Height
6.5” (16.5 cm) chassis height when
stowed
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26” (66cm) fully extended
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Width
13.7” (34.8cm) without flippers
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17.2” (43.7cm) with flippers
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Length
23.9” (60.7 cm) with flippers stowed
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30” (76.1 cm) with flippers extended
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Mobility
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Speed:
6.2 mph (10 km/h)
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Slopes:
30% (17 deg) lateral
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84% (40 deg) climb (friction
dependent)
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Vertical Obstacles:
12” (30.5 cm)
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Stair Climbing:
Rise 8” (20.3 cm)
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Run 10” (25.4 cm)
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Water Traverse:
6” (15.2 cm)
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Communications
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Wireless Range (LOS):
3280 (1000 m)
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Radio Frequency:
2.4 GHz / 4.9 GHz COTS
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Modular radio interface
accommodates future radio upgrades
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Cameras, illumination, and other
sensors Chassis Camera
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Wide angle, fixed focus used for
driving and stair climbing
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Resolution: 640 x 480
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Field of view: 107°
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Responds to IR Illumination
Drive Camera
Sony 980
Zoom: 312x (26x optical / 12x digital)
Resolution: 640 x 480
FOV: 42° to 1.6°
Auto focus / auto iris
Low light capable
Additional controls: shutter, focus
Responds to IR Illumination Drive Camera
In head
Same specs as Chassis Camera
Thermal Camera
Zoom: 3 step digital zoom
Resolution: 320 x 240
FOV: 50 degrees
Fixed focus
Illumination
IR
GPS
COTS
Laser Range Finder
Range: 1 km
Wavelength: 1550 nm
Class 1 eye safe
Invisible to naked eye
Invisible to NV goggles
2-way Audio
Speaker / microphone in head
Neck (True Pan / Tilt)
Extension: 20” (51 cm)
Degrees of Freedom (DoF):
Shoulder: 180° Pitch
Tilt 1: +/- 180° Pitch
Pan: 360° continuous rotation
Tilt 2: +/- 180° Pitch
Design & Construction Size:
Fits within one standard MOLLE or ALICE pack
Power Source:
2 BB-2590/U Batteries — more than 6 hours of
operation
Tool-less battery installation / removal
Payload Interface:
Interface for manipulator and fiber optic spooler
Maintainability: Easy field maintenance
LRU strategy
Controller Specifications Advanced Wearable Controller:
Weight: 14 lbs (6.4kg)
Display: Tac-Eye™ heads-up glasses
Resolution SVGA (852 x 600)
Sunlight readable
Rugged hand controller
Noise reducing headset
Camelbak ® enclosure
Heads-Down Rugged Controller:
5.6” LCD display screen
Resolution: WXGA (1280 x 800)
Sunlight readable
Joystick-style control
Monitor Display:
Weight: 1 lb , 1 oz. (0.482 kg)
Display: 5.6” (14.2 cm) diagonal screen size
Resolution: NTSC: (960 x 234) / PAL: (960 x 276)
For indoor use
Rugged or non-rugged hand controller
Optional Manipulator Extension:
24" (61 cm)
Lifting capacity:
7 lbs (3.2 kg) fully extended
15 lbs (6.8 kg) close-in
Degrees of Freedom (DoF):
Shoulder: 180 degree Pitch
Elbow: +/- 180 degree Pitch
Wrist: 360 degree continuous rotating
Gripper:
5" (12.7cm) parallel jaw opening
35 lbs (15.9 kg) grip strength
Camera:
Wide angle, fixed focus
Field of View: 100 degrees
Mars Rovers
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A Mars rover is an automated motor vehicle which
propels itself across the surface of the
planet Mars upon arrival.
Rovers have several advantages over
stationary landers: they examine more territory, they
can be directed to interesting features, they can place
themselves in sunny positions to weather winter
months and they can advance the knowledge of how
to perform very remote robotic vehicle control.
There have been four successful robotically operated
Mars rovers. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory managed
the Mars Pathfinder mission and its now
inactive Sojourner rover. It currently manages
the Mars Exploration Rover mission's
active Opportunity rover and inactive Spirit, and, as
part of the Mars Science Laboratory mission,
the Curiosity rover.
Curiosity Rover
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Mission type
Mars Rover
Operator
NASA International team
COSPAR ID
2011-070A
Website mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/
Mission duration
668 Martian sols (23 Earth months)
primary mission.
Current: 407 days, 397 sols since landing
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer
Boeing, Lockheed Martin, MacDonald
Dettwiler
Launch mass
900 kilograms (2,000 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date
26 November 2011, 15:02:00.211 UTC
Rocket
Atlas V 541 (AV-028)
Launch site
Cape Canaveral LC-41
Orbital parameters
Reference system
Heliocentric (transfer)
Mars rover
Spacecraft component
Rover
Landing date
August 6, 2012, 05:17 UTC SCET
MSD 49269 05:50 AMT
Landing site
Aeolis Palus ("Bradbury Landing") in Gale
Crater.
4°35′31″S 137°26′25″E / 4.59194°S 137.44028°E
(4°35′22″S 137°26′30″E / 4.5895°S 137.4417°E)
Curiosity is a car-sized robotic rover exploring Gale Crater on Mars as part of NASA's Mars
Science Laboratory mission (MSL).
Cassini Spacecraft
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Specs
Launch date: October 15, 1997
Launch vehicle: Titan IVB/Centaur
Saturn arrival date: July 1, 2004
Launch mass: 5,574 kilograms (6.1 tons), includes
2,442 kilograms (5,384 pounds) spacecraft and
3,132 kilograms (6,905 pounds) fuel
Total flight path: 5 billion kilometers (3 billion, 200
million miles)
Maximum speed: 15.5 kilometers per second
(34,680 miles per hour) after Earth gravitational
boost
Power: 700 watts of electrical power comes from
three radioisotope thermoelectric generators
Communications: three antennas, operating at
microwave frequency. The large white dish on
Cassini is the 2-way high-gain antenna.
Cassini–Huygens is a Flagship-class NASA-ESA-ASI robotic spacecraft sent to
the Saturn system. It has studied the planet and its many natural satellites since
arriving there in 2004, also observing Jupiter, the heliosphere, and testing
the theory of relativity. Launched in 1997 after nearly two decades of
development, it includes a Saturn orbiter and an atmospheric probe/lander for
the moon Titan called Huygens, which entered and landed on Titan in
2005. Cassini is the fourth space probe to visit Saturn and the first to enter orbit,
and its mission is ongoing as of 2013.
Conclusion
• As you can see these robots heavily benefit
our physical and scientific world by providing
us with information, protection, and other
types of useful actions.
• I believe that in the future we will have highly
sophisticated robots aiding with everyday
usages such as making the quickest decisions
and maybe even fighting wars for us without
any of our men having to pick up a gun