Transcript No Slide Title

Realising the
European Research Area (ERA)
Key challenges
European Commission
Research Directorate-General
Anneli Pauli
Deputy Director-General
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Outline
1. Our global position in numbers
2. Impact of the Lisbon Treaty on the Research
policy
3. Ljubljana Process and ERA vision 2020
4. The five ERA initiatives and other ERA
building blocks
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1. Our global position in numbers
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The challenges:
Globalisation of Research
• Over 75% of global research investment is made
outside the EU
– While more than a third of S&T publications originate
from the EU
• Our share is decreasing due to new global
players in S&T
• Europe must invest more and better while
opening up to the world
(3% goal renewed in Europe 2020 Strategy)
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Targets of the EU
main partners/competitors
US:
- Goal of 3% R&D intensity
- Funding of three main basic-research agencies
increase by 54% from 2010 to 2017
South Korea: - Goal of 5% R&D intensity by 2012
- Public R&D expenditure by 11% in 2009
- Plans to continue increase at 10% rate until 2013
Japan:
- Goal of 4% of the GDP by 2020
China:
- Goal of 2% R&D intensity in 2010 and 2.5 % by 2020
- Public R&D expenditure increase by 25% in 2008-9
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R&D Intensity (GERD as % of GDP), 2008
(1)
4,86
Israel
3,91
Finland
3,75
Sweden
Japan
3,44
South Korea
3,21
Switzerland
2,90
2,78
Austria
2,76
US
2,72
Denmark
2,65
Iceland
2,63
Germany
France
2,02
1,92
Belgium
1,90
EU-27
1,88
UK
1,66
Slovenia
1,63
Netherlands
1,62
Luxembourg
1,62
Norway
Portugal
1,51
1,47
Czech Republic
1,44
China
1,43
Ireland
Spain
1,35
Estonia
1,29
Italy
1,18
1,03
Russian Federation
1,00
Hungary
0,90
Croatia
Lithuania
0,80
Turkey
0,72
0,61
Latvia
0,61
Poland
0,58
Romania
0,58
Greece
Malta
0,54
0
0,49
Bulgaria
0,47
Slovakia
0,46
Cyprus
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Source: DG Research Data: Eurostat, OECD
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Effect of the crisis on
R&D investment
European Council, 20 March 2009 called for
« stepping up and improving the quality of
investment in research, knowledge and education »,
which is more important than ever
• Overall private investment in R&D has been
cut, but it is difficult to say exactly by how
much.
• Public support to R&D has an essential
counter-cyclical role to play.
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EU’s response to the crisis:
Recovery Package / R&D aspects
• Call for Member States to increase investment in R&D
and reduce patent registration and maintenance fees for SMEs
• Three Public-Private Partnerships on R&D and innovation:
– Automotive: Green cars initiative (1B€ for R&D element)
– Construction: Energy-efficient buildings initiative (1B€)
– Manufacturing: Factories of the future initiative (1.2B€)
 50/50 funding from FP7 and private partners
• Risk-Sharing Finance Facility (EIB / FP7):
Frontloading of EC resources in 2009 to support access to credit
(loans) for R&D and innovation (220M€ vs 150M€)
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Member states responses
to the crises - the 2010 ERAC survey
• Strong continuity in national public R&D investment trends,
with sustained investment rates in some Member States
during the crisis
• 15 MS increased, 6 decreased, 6 n/a
• Increased policy developments aimed at supporting private
R&D investment
• 21 MS launched special measures
• Structural funds considered important to maintain R&D
investments
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€
Money
innovation
research
Knowledge
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2. Impact of the Lisbon Treaty on the
Research policy
Main changes and implications for
the governance of ERA
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Research as an Objective of the Union
From a means in the EC Treaty to a fully-fledge
objective after the Lisbon Treaty
• The new Lisbon Treaty states "The EU shall promote scientific and
technological advance".
• The old EC Treaty did not quote research as a specific objective of the EU but
as a means “of strengthening the scientific and technological bases of
Community industry and encouraging it to become more competitive at
international level”.
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The Concept of a European Research Area
The Lisbon Treaty introduced for the first time the concept of
ERA as a way to achieve:
• the objective of strengthening the scientific and technological
bases of the Union
• the free circulation of researchers, scientific knowledge and
technology (= 5th freedom)
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3. Ljubljana Process & ERA vision 2020
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European Research Area (ERA)
European “single market" for research and
innovation, where researchers, ideas and
knowledge freely circulate.
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Ljubljana Process
• We need to develop a well-organised partnership
between the Member States, Associated States and the
Commission to exchange information and to steer all
initiatives in a coherent way.
– A common long-term vision for the future of ERA as the basis
for our future actions and initiatives
– An action plan and the roadmap to implement the vision
– Better governance, notably with better political steering at
the ministerial level, is needed.
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Policy ‘cascade’
Coherent positioning of ERA development:
Europe 2020 Strategy
↕
Innovation Union Flagship Initiative
↕
Overarching ERA Framework
↕
Specific measures to address the major bottlenecks
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ERA Vision 2020
ERA Vision 2020 adopted at Competitiveness Council on
2 December 2008
“By 2020, all actors fully benefit from the ‘Fifth Freedom’ across the ERA: free
circulation of researchers, knowledge and technology. The ERA provides
attractive conditions and effective and efficient governance for doing
research and investing in R&D intensive sectors in Europe. It creates strong
added value by fostering a healthy Europe-wide scientific competition whilst
ensuring the appropriate level of cooperation and coordination. It is
responsive to the needs and ambitions of citizens and effectively contributes
to the sustainable development and competitiveness of Europe.”
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ERA building blocks
Single labour market
for researchers
Excellent
research
institutions and
universities
Opening of the ERA
to the world
World-class
research
infrastructures
ERA
Joint Programming
Effective
knowledge sharing
http://ec.europa.eu/research/era/specific-era-initiatives_en.html
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4. The five ERA initiatives and
other ERA building blocks
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European Partnership
for Researchers
Key Challenges:
– Ensure quality and availability of researchers across Europe and
raise the attraction of Europe to the best research talents
world-wide
• Increasing competition, globally and with other economic sectors
• Demographic developments affecting Europe's research workforce
• Europe's goal to increase public and private investments in R&D
– Mainstream mobility between institutions, between sectors
and across borders, based on the “brain circulation” paradigm
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European Partnership
for Researchers
Response to challenges:
• A partnership between Member States, Associated States and the
Commission to accelerate progress, building on reforms and actions
underway
• A common framework to help focus the efforts on shared objectives
and key areas of common interest
• A balanced approach: better careers and more mobility
• New voluntary measures to promote the Charter & Code principles
(The European Charter for Researchers, the Code of Conduct for the
recruitment of Researchers) at institutional level (“HR Strategy for
Researchers”)
• The Gago/Biltgen report (2008) with further ideas for implementing
the Partnership pointing out the importance of education in science.
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European Partnership
for Researchers
Focus actions at national and European level in four key areas:
• Open recruitment and portability of grants
• Meeting social security and supplementary pension needs of mobile
researchers
• Attractive employment and working conditions
• Enhancing training, skills and experience of researchers
State of Play and Next steps:
• Member States developing national action plans based on common
objectives (5 MS and 3 AC already done: AT, CH, DE, HR, NO, DK, SE and
UK)
• Work continues at European level through the ERA Steering Group on
Human Resources and Mobility and its three Working Groups (Working
Conditions & Recruitment; Training & Skills; Monitoring & Indicators)
• Member States reported on progress made and future plans in 2009 and
Commission will coordinate global assessment on actions & results
achieved until the end of 2010
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Joint Programming
in Research
Key Challenges :
– Science and Technology must contribute to solving major
societal challenges
– Benefits not optimised in the EU due to
compartmentalisation of public research funding
– National research programmes have their place… but are
not equipped to tackle major European societal problems
by themselves
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Joint Programming
in Research
Response to challenges :
– Commission Communication on Joint Programming in
research adopted by Council Conclusions (2008)
– Member States engaging …in the definition, development
and implementation of common strategic research agendas
• Voluntarily and on the basis of variable geometry
• …based on a common vision on how to address major
societal challenges
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Joint Programming
in Research
The Council defined a set of criteria for identifying JPIs:
• Sufficient and effective commitment from Member States
• Selected themes address a pan European / global challenge
(where public research is central)
• Clear added value to existing national and Community research,
with economies of scale and scope
• Focussed with clear and realistic objectives (Feasibility)
• Potential benefits to citizens and competitiveness, increasing
efficiency and impact of public R&D
• Stakeholders (regional, national, EU, private, and funding
agencies) have been involved in developing the Themes
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Joint Programming
in Research
• MS have identified major societal challenges for
which they will define common strategic research
agendas
• Joint Programming Initiatives (JPIs) will combine
existing research programmes and instruments, or
build new ones
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Joint Programming
in Research
Framework Conditions to be adopted by the end
of 2010
–
–
–
–
A coherent approach on the peer review procedures
A coherent approach for foresight activities
Evaluation of joint programmes
A coherent approach to funding of cross border research by
national or regional authorities
– Effective measures to ensure optimum dissemination and
use of research findings, inter-alia via common practices for
Protection, management and sharing of IPR
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Joint Programming
in Research
JPIs SELECTED in 2009, LAUNCHED in 2010
JPI
Progress
Supporting Countries
Neurodegenerative
diseases (JPND)
(Alzheimer’s)
- Memorandum of Intent and common
vision following informal Council (11/’08)
- Council conclusions (12/08) and (12/’09)
- Manage Board  SRA by mid 2011
15-Fr+ De,UK,It,Es,Cz,Dk,
Fi,Ie,Nl,Pt,Sk,Se,Ch,No
+ 8 - Be,He,Hu,Lu,Po,Si +
Tr & Al
Agriculture, Food
Security and Climate
Change (FACCE)
- JPI proposal (10/’09)
- Commission Recommendation (4/’10)
- Council conclusions (10/’10)
- Managem. Board  SRA by mid 2011
12 – Fr+UK,De,Es,It
+At,Dk,Ee,Fi,Ie,Nl + No
+13 – Be,Cz,Cy,El,Hu,Pl,
Pt,Ro,Se,Sk + Il,Is,Tk
Cultural Heritage and
global change: a new
challenge for Europe
- JPI proposal (10/’09)
- Commission Recommendation (4/’10)
- Council conclusions (10/’10)
- Managem. Board  SRA by end 2011
14 - IT+At,Bg,Cz,Cy,Fr,
+Lt,Pl,Es,Ro,Sl,UK+Ic,Tk
- JPI proposal (10/’09)
- Commission Recommendation (4/’10)
- Council conclusions (10/’10)
- Managem. Board by end 2010
17-Nl+At,Cz,De,Dk,Ee,
Es,Fi,Fr,It,Ie,Lt,Se,Sk,Uk
Healthy diet for a
healthy life
+ 7-Be,Fi,Ie,Pt,Se,Nl+No
- 2 Ic,Sl,
+ No,Tk
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Joint Programming
in Research
JPIs SELECTED in 2010 (Council of 26 May)
JPI
Progress
Supporting Countries
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
10 - AT+It,Fr,Nl + 6 others
Connecting Climate
Knowledge for Europe
(Clik'EU)
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
6 – DE+AT+FI + Fr,It,Nl
+ 8 supporting countries
+ ERA-NET Circle
Water Challenges for a
Changing World
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
14 – ES+NL + 12 others
Healthy Ageing – More
Years, Better Lives
(Demographic Change)
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
3 – DE+ Dk,Nl
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
2 – SE+It
- JPI proposal (5/’10)
3 – NO+Es,Be
Urban Europe
Anti-Microbial resistance
Healthy and Productive
Seas and Oceans
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World-class research
infrastructures
- Essential for Europe’s researchers to stay at the forefront
of research development
- Key component of Europe’s competitiveness in both basic
and applied research
Key Challenges:
- To overcome fragmentation in Europe in this field
- To improve the efficiency of services and access to
European Research Infrastructures
- To cope with their increasing cost and complexity
- To further develop and better exploit the potential of einfrastructures
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World-class research
infrastructures
Response to challenges:
- Integration of existing Research Infrastructures
- ESFRI roadmap for new Infrastructures (updated 2008)
- A new Community legal framework for a European
Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) providing a
legal personality to ease the setting up of European
Research Infrastructures
Next steps:
- Implement the ESFRI roadmap (national support)
- Continue developing a Research Infrastructures policy
at EU level
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World-class research
infrastructures
ERIC application process
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World-class research
infrastructures
Status ERIC
• Practical Guide on ERIC procedures (April 2010)
• Initiatives interested in ERIC are e.g.
– BBMRI, EATRIS, Infrafrontier, EuroFEL, CLARIN,
Lifewatch, EuroArgo, CESSDA, ESS (European
Social Survey), SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing
and Retirement in Europe), COPAL, ELI (Extreme
Light Infrastructure)
– also projects outside the ESFRI process as e.g.
the existing JIVE
• First application announced for October
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Opening of ERA to the world
Key Challenges:
– Globalisation and global challenges (e.g. climate change, energy
security)
– Rise of "non-traditional" research partner countries and
research locations ("new global S&T players")
– Facilitation of knowledge transfer at global level
– The need to ensure equitable and fair access to IP generated in
international R&D collaborations
– The need to avoid duplication of activities between the Member
States and the European Union with third country partners
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Opening of ERA to the world
Response to challenges: “A Strategic European Framework for International S&T
Cooperation“ (2008)
– based on a long term partnership between the Member States and the
European Community
– aiming for a more coordinated approach between Member States and the
European Community activities
Council Conclusions (2008) “A European Partnership for International Scientific
and Technological Cooperation”:
− Member States and the European Commission collaborate to identify
common priorities which could lead to coordinated or joint initiatives and
positions vis-à-vis third countries and international fora
− inviting Member States and the Commission to work together in the Strategic
Forum for International S&T Cooperation (SFIC)
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Opening of ERA to the world
Strategic Forum for International Cooperation (SFIC) – Main achievements in 2009/2010
•
First annual report to the Council and the Commission in April 2010
•
the COMP Council of 26 May 2010 re-affirmed its support to the work of SFIC
•
launch of the 'EU-India pilot initiative' focusing on 'water related challenges’, incl. the
preparation of a stakeholders conference in Delhi in November 2010
•
work on the 'energy' thematic pilot initiative as a major global challenge linked to the SETPLAN
•
SFIC started to develop a strategic approach towards China by ensuring the "phasing in"
of different measures to build a knowledge base for decision-making
•
SFIC started to share more information on the USA with a view to pursue a more coherent
European strategy towards the US
•
SFIC started to hold policy discussions in advance of major Summits/Ministerial Meetings
and has sent via the official channels recommendations for consideration to the overall
EU-Africa Summit preparatory work
•
strengthening the network of Science Counsellors in major partner countries
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Knowledge transfer and
IP management
Key Challenges:
– To enhance the impact of public research on European socio-economic
growth by strengthening knowledge transfer between Public Research
Organisations (PROs) and the private sector at national, European and
international levels.
– To improve the management of intellectual property arising from
research by PROs (including universities), and the development of
relations with the private sector.
Response to challenges:
– Commission Recommendation and Code of Practice (2008) including
key principles for improving national Intellectual Property (IP) and
knowledge transfer policies, and guidance for PROs to set up
institutional policies and knowledge transfer systems.
– Council Resolution endorsing and supporting Recommendation and
Code of Practice (2008).
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Knowledge transfer and
IP management
Next steps (1):
– Member States and Commission: ERAC working group.
The group has identified priorities and started working on:
•Developing indicators for measuring progress in implementing the
Recommendation and Code of Practice;
•International knowledge transfer (i.e. beyond the EU) including the
development of practical guidelines for stakeholders and Member States;
The first report of the group, reviewing initiatives taken at national
levels to implement the Recommendation and Code of Practice, was
sent to ERAC on the 29 September, to be adopted at the 7 October
ERAC meeting.
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Knowledge transfer and
IP management
Next steps (2):
• Stakeholders and Commission: “Knowledge transfer forum” to discuss
implementation of the Code of Practice and exchange best practices. The
next event (in Italy on 11-12 November) will look at , inter alia, the
professionalisation of knowledge transfer and markets for knowledge
transfer. The outcomes feed into the work of the Commission and the
ERAC group on future guidelines.
• Member States and Stakeholder events to discuss national
implementation of Recommendation and Code of Practice, actions to
develop national policies and guidelines. Specific information on these
events is contained in the report of the ERAC knowledge transfer working
group which has just been sent to ERAC for adoption.
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Knowledge transfer and
IP management
Next steps (2):
• Stakeholder events to disseminate Code of Practice. The Commission is
working with the European Patent Office to deliver awareness-raising
seminars. Sessions have so far been held in the Czech Republic, Belgium,
Spain, and the Netherlands, and have increased awareness and interest in
the Code of Practice, and registrations for the knowledge transfer forum.
• Commission monitoring and reporting in 2010 progress on the
implementation of the Recommendation and Code of Practice, based on
indicators, national reports, and a monitoring study which has just been
launched.
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Beyond the five initiatives
• The five initiatives and their future implementation mark important
milestones in the further development of ERA but there are many other issues
to be addressed
• Better integration of research and innovation
• Other current initiatives contributing to advancement of the ERA:
– ERC (external review made, Commission Communication in October)
– European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT)
– European Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET)
– Maritime research strategy
– European Technology Platforms (ETP)
– JTIs, Art. 169s
– Strengthening of synergies between FP7, CIP and Structural Funds
• Member States and stakeholders encouraged to identify other challenges and
initiatives
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We need a more research and
innovation intensive, integrated
and attractive
European Research Area
Excellent Research Attracts
http://ec.europa.eu/research/era
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