Transcript WORKSHOP ON GENDER BUDGETING For State Governments …

AMENDMENT TO IMMORAL TRAFFIC
(PREVENTION) ACT, 1956
MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
BACKGROUND
• National Law School University of India,
Bangalore was assigned to review ITPA, 1956
• Proposal submitted by National Law School
was examined by National Commission for
Women
• Recommendations of National Commission
for Women was considered by Central
Advisory Committee on Combating Child
Prostitution
Major Amendments
Proposed
Amendments to get ITPA in line with CRC
& UN Optional Protocol on Trafficking
•
Age of child raised from sixteen years to
eighteen year
•
Definition of ‘Trafficking in Persons’ for
Commercial Sexual Exploitations included
as per UN Protocol
•
In-Camera proceedings in court cases to
safeguard privacy of victims
Amendments for enhancing punishments for
Traffickers, Brothel Keepers and Clients
• Imprisonment for a period of not less than 7
years and life imprisonment for second or
subsequent conviction for trafficker
• Minimum punishment increased for managing
brothel from one years imprisonment to two years
imprisonment.
•
Maximum fine increased from Rs. two thousand
to Rs. Ten thousand for first conviction and Rs.
two lakhs for second or subsequent convictions.
• Punishment including imprisonment and fine
for clients visiting brothel.
• Confiscation of property of persons involved in
trafficking in persons.
• Fine of Rs. one lakh for detaining any person in
a premises where prostitution is carried on.
Deletion of Section 8 & 20
• Sec 8 which punishes victims for soliciting and
Section 20 which removes prostitutes from any
place are to be deleted.
• It is found that more cases under these sections
are booked against victims which revictimises
them, and allows traffickers, clients etc. to go
scot free.
Setting up of Anti-Trafficking Nodal
Authority
• Central Anti-Trafficking Nodal Authority, on
the line of Narcotics Control Bureau at
Centre, to be set up.
•
State Authorities in States to be set up.
Points for action
• Sensitization of police and other agencies
• Recruiting women police for trafficking, mahila
desks
• State agencies to undertake special drives in
vulnerable areas
• Improve performance of booking and convicting
traffickers
• US Report on trafficking has placed India on
Watch List , Tier 2 embarrassment for the
country
Points for discussion
• US Report has acknowledged efforts of MWCD
in prevention and protection
• Need to fix targets for rescue and actual rescue
• Networking and sharing of information between
sates which have vulnerable organ, transit and
destination points
• Data base to be developed
• Problems in repatriating to neighbor countries
BALIKA SAMRIDHI YOJANA
 Launched in1997 with the objective of rising the
overall status of the girl child
 Aimed at bringing about a positive change in the family
and community attitude towards girl child
 Scheme revised in 1999
 Covers up to two girl children born on or after 15th
August 1997
 Entitled to post-delivery grant of Rs. 500/- deposited in
an interest bearing bank account and a scholarship
ranging from Rs 300 to 1000 for each class of study
successfully completed
CURRENT STATUS
 No funds have been released in the last two years as a
large amount of funds were lying unutilised with the
States.
 An evaluation study on the implementation of BSY
has been entrusted to NIPCCD in eight major states.
 A proposal to transfer the scheme to states is also
under consideration in National Development
Council.
Prevention of female foeticide
• Alarming decline in female sex ratio from
967(1961) to 927 in 2001 (0-6 years)
• affected States include Punjab, Haryana,etc
• Misuse of PNDT Act and fetal sex determination
• If trend continues
women will become
endangered species; societal imbalances
leading to polyandry etc
Steps to counter female feticide
• Effective implementation of PNDT Act
• Notification of appropriate authorities in for
taking action against culprits
• Wide spread awareness programmes on
importance and value of girl child
• Cradle baby scheme
• financial support to girl child like insurance
scheme
GENDER BUDGETING
Objectives :
• De-mystifying Gender BudgetingFamiliarization with the Concept and
Approach
• Introducing Tools of Gender Budgeting
• Reviewing latest developments
• Evolving consensus on approach at
Centre & State Level
• Formulating Strategy and Capacity
Building
Gender Budgeting
•
•
•
•
Concept
Rationale
Medium for socio-economic development
Medium for introducing economic
efficiency
• In action-Field level reports on Gender
Budgeting initiatives
• Tools of Gender Budgeting
Gender Budgeting- a definition
“Gender budget initiatives analyse how
governments raise and spend public
money, with the aim of securing gender
equality in decision-making about public
resource allocation; and gender equality in
the distribution of the impact of
government budgets, both in their benefits
and in their burdens. The impact of
government budgets on the most
disadvantaged groups of women is a focus of
special attention.”
Thus Gender Budgeting is
• An exercise to translate stated gender
commitments of the Government into budgetary
commitments.
– Strategy for ensuring Gender Sensitive Resource
Allocation and a tool for engendering macro
economic policy
• Entails affirmative action for empowering women
• Covers assessment of gender differential impact of
Government Budgets and policies (Revenue and
Expenditure).
– Enables Tracking and Allocating resources for
women empowerment
– Opportunity to determine real value of resources
allocated to women
Gender commitments in the
Indian context
• Constitutional Provisions
• Legal Framework
– Women Specific Laws
– Laws affecting Women
• Policies- National Policy for Empowerment
of Women
• Women’s Component Plan
• Public Expenditure Programmes
Commitment in Budget 2005-06
Departments in Union Government to
Undertake review of Public Expenditure
profile
Conduct beneficiary incidence analysis
Recommend specific changes in
operational guidelines of schemes
from a gender perspective
Union Budget 2006-07 takes
Gender Budgeting forward
• Allocation of Rs. 28,737 cr. for benefit of
women
• Monetary incentive to encourage
education of the girl child
• 24 Demand for grants in 18 Ministries and
Departments
• Gender Auditing to be made mandatory
from next year onwards
The Approach of MWCD to Gender
Budgeting
• Not an accounting exercise
• An ongoing process to keep gender perspective
in policy/ program formulation, implementation
and review
• Extend gender based review at all levels of
governance- Centre, State, District , town and
village
• Public Sector Units and Autonomous Bodies
and other beneficiaries of public expenditure are
included.
• To Mainstream Gender Concerns
Holistic approach to
Empowerment
Health
& Nut.
Water & San.
Political
Participation
Education
Asset base
Skills
Marketing
Technology
Credit
Mission Statement-”Budgeting for
Gender Equity”
Strategic Framework of Activities
• Quantification of allocation of resources
for women
• Gender Audit of policies of the
Government
• Impact assessment of various schemes
in the Union and State budgets
• Analysis of schemes and policy
initiatives and link them with impact on
status of women related Macro Indicators
• Institutionalizing the generation and
collection of gender dis-aggregated
data
• Consultations and Capacity building
• Promotion of gender equity in
participation of decision making
• Satellite Accounts
Approach and Dimensions of
Strategy
• Empowerment has to be
–Holistic (Political, Social and
Economic)
–Universal (equal opportunity and
level playing field)
–Participative and Inclusive
Why Gender Mainstreaming ?
• Bulk of public expenditure and policy
concerns in “gender neutral” sectors
• Women are bound to be impactedgender differentials have to be
recognized
• Efficiency lies in empowering womenthe success of Karnataka
Gender Mainstreaming & its
impact on socio-economic
development
• Concept of gender mainstreaming
• Rationale of gender mainstreaming
• Sectoral issues in agriculture, industry,
commerce, transport, power, finance, etc.
• Sectoral issues in social sectors like
health, education, rural development, etc.
• Incorporation of gender concerns in major
schemes of Government
Gender Mainstreaming covers
Gender
Audit
• Policies
• Programmes
• Budgetary
allocations and
Expenditure
• Outcomes and
Benefit incidence
Gender Mainstreaming targets larger percentage
of budget and has a wider domain
Action Areas
• Women availing services of public
utilities like road transport, power, water
and sanitation, telecommunication etc.
• Training of women as highly skilled
workers- top end skills
• Research/Technology for women
• Women in the work force
• Asset ownership by women
• Women as Entrepreneurs
Action Areas – cont.
• Implementation of Laws like
– Equal remuneration
– Minimum Wages
– Factories Act
• Infrastructure for women like
– Water and sanitation at workplace
– Creches
– Working Women Hostels
– Transport services
– Security
Gender Budgetingan Action Plan
Tools of Gender Budgeting
• Distinction between Budgeting and Budget
– Process and Results
Tools for the Process
– Guidelines for Gender sensitive Review of Public
Expenditure and Policy
– Preparation of Gender based profile of public
expenditure
– Beneficiary Needs Assessment
– Impact Analysis of public expenditure and policies• policy & programme design
• change in quantum of allocation
• implementation guidelines
– Beneficiary Incidence Analysis
– Participative Budgeting
Macro level
Gender Budgeting
Gender Based Profile of Public
Expenditure- Situational
Analysis/Benchmark
Enhancement in Allocation to meet
Targeted outcomes for women
Complete
Budget
Sectors
Sectors
Monitoring Releases and Utilization
of Funds and achievement of
Physical Targets and outcomes
Re-prioritization in Allocations
based on inputs from Micro level
Gender Budgeting
Micro-level Planning
Spatial Mapping of
Infrastructure
(Water Sanitation, Electricity,
Roads) &
Employment Opportunities
Assessing gaps
and identifying
resources required
Synergy in allocation of
resources across
levels of governance,
programmes
and Departments
Universal Coverage
and Access
Impact Assessment of
Schemes/Programme/ Delivery of
Services
Micro Level
Beneficiary Needs assessment at
field level
Take in to account
Change in programme
regional imbalances/ design/allocation/implementation
geographical constraints
Convergence of services
Gender Analysis of State Budgets
• Research Study – Decadal trend
Expenditure on Women's Development
YEAR
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02 (RE)
2002-03 (BE)
CENTRE
AMOUNT
%
440.32
643.48
558.22
811.40
893.60
1178.17
1382.04
1550.80
1838.64
1507.59
(Rs in cr.)
STATES
AMOUNT
%
41
48
37
44
43
47
50
48
48
41
643.25
700.17
960.88
1050.35
1169.21
1348.47
1398.29
1709.84
2031.73
2211.57
TOTAL
AMOUNT
59
52
63
56
57
53
50
52
52
59
1083.57
1343.65
1519.09
1861.75
2062.81
2526.64
2780.33
3260.63
3870.37
3719.16
Preliminary Findings
• Higher percentage share of states in
expenditure on women
• Expenditure on Health is largest
component
• Broad trend reflects increase in expenditure
• Wide annual fluctuations in many states
• Some states reflect relatively less
expenditure compared with population
of women
Chart 13--Trend of States' Expenditure on Women's Education and Training (Female population above
15 million and below 30 million)
50.00
Rs in cr.
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
Female Population/ State
1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01
28928245 MADHYA PRADESH 5.4431
6.0262
6.698
7.7902
8.3149
2001-02 2002-03
(RE)
(BE)
6.5936 11.3842 11.2071 13.443 15.1809
27091465 RAJASTHAN
16.6338 10.3242 13.0564 17.9549 17.1993 22.5086 25.2144 29.9866 37.873 33.4955
25877615 KARNATAKA
3.7651
24252939 GUJARAT
21.787 25.0434 26.2497 28.8082 41.8782 34.1223 42.8521 41.5069 44.2918 45.7452
18094580 ORISSA
3.6096 10.3598 2.2783
2.5266
3.1221
4.0915
16369955 KERALA
2.9977
3.9842
4.3499
5.7047 10.2531 8.5622
5.3263
3.7227
5.4352
3.9624
5.1055
4.5338
4.9141
6.1177
3.2921
5.7629
3.6521
8.2269
4.0694
9.2462
4.5014
7.7453 10.2256
Activities of the Ministry
• Tools of Gender Budgeting
• Dissemination of Concepts, Approach and Tools
through Workshops
– At the Centre
– At State level
• Setting up of Gender Budget cells- new areas
like Telecom, Power, Petroleum, Heavy
Industries
• Planning for Capacity Building in partnership
with DOPT , LBSNAA, ASCI and other apex
training institutes
• Consultations with Stakeholders
• Pursuit of Gender Concerns with various
Ministries
– Kerosene Subsidy
– Interest Subsidy (Small savings schemes)
– Health Insurance for women and children
– Women and Girls in Sports
– Engendering planning process and
outcome budgets
– Carbon Emission Credits to fund
alternative sources of energy for women
Activity Map for 2006-07
• Follow up on action taken on priority
sectors for women identified in State
level Workshops
• Capacity Building in Administrative
Cadres
• Coordinating with and support to
Gender Budget cells in Ministries
Thank you
• 42 laws specifically related to women
• ‘ Protection of women from Domestic Violence’
was notified on 16.9.2005
• ‘ Prevention of Sexual Harrassment at
Workplace’ will be introduced in the Parliament
• Amendment of Commission of Sati Prevention
Act,1987 & involvement of PRIs is under active
consideration by MWCD
• Amendments to Immoral Traffic Prevention
Act is being presented in the ensuing
session of Parliament
• Amendments to
Prevention of Child
Marriage Bill, 2004 been put up for
approval of Cabinet
• ‘ Compulsory Registration of Marriages’
Bill sent to Legislative Department
Thank You