Transcript Lysbilde 1
Citizens, from consumers to prosumers: e-Government Services typologies revisited 1 John Krogstie Professor at IDI, NTNU Senior advisor SINTEF Project leader EFFIN Overview • • • • ICT in public sector eGovernment Services Web developments : Semantic Web and Web 2.0 MGWP- Model Generated Work Places and MGLP – Model generated living places • Points for discussion 2 ICT in public sector Governance Public Services Citizen processes Business processes 3 Development and evolution of ICT A democratic knowledge society User orientation / service The Service Stairs Step 1: Web service with general information about the department and its services Publishing "Brochure on the web" Step 2: Services with targeted information and simple interactive functions Step 3: Web services which offer the visitor to give and collect tailored information based on personal preferences. The service is connected to an internal expert and production system Targeted communication Simple interactivity Individual communication Vertical integration Complexity / Efficiency Figure 1. The service stairs 4 Step 4: "Electronic administration" Web services and network functions to collaborate with other authorities and institutions in the community. Interaction and collaboration Horizontal integration Public Services – actor complexity vs. process integration Actor complexity vs. Process integration Information Manual co-ordination Automatic co-ordination Co-operation Collaboration 5 1 Private Sector – 1 Public Sector Step 2 Step 2 Step 3 N Private Sector– 1 Public Sector Step 1 1 Private Sector – N Public Sector Step 4 Step 4 Step 4 N Private SectorN Public Sector Web-developments: From static web into dynamic, largely self organizing entity • Semantic web – – – – – Architechted top-down view on web interoperability Focus on formal standards and machine interoperability XML main success story RDF, OWL used in more limited areas Much interest within eGovernment (although not much in Norway yet) • Web 2.0 – – – – – 6 Leverage user-provided content Web service – based, no software installation, rapid software evolution Harnessing collective intelligence by aggregating user data Wikipedia, Flickr, del.icio.us etc Limited eGovernment interest Model-generated workplaces MGWP • Has been developed over a number of years, mostly related to dynamic enterprise processes • Spin-of company AKM to industrialize the approach • Also for integrated citizen/public processes : Model-generated living places (MGLP) • Application of interactive models • Support the generation of model-information by all users both for own use and for later reuse 7 Interactive models • • • • • Visual (graphical) models of aspects of human collaboration (goals, tasks, roles, organizations, persons, information, systems...) Available for normal users to be viewed, traversed, analyzed, simulated, executed, and adapted Normal users access and change the model information through personalized web interfaces Changes to the models influence the information systems supporting the community/enterprise Interactive model network Examples – – – – 8 Emergent Workflow Dynamic ontologies Product models Information retrieval Information Resources Tools Process Organisation Example of a N private sector, 1 public sector cooperation/Collaboration : FAU at a school 9 Summary • Public services, supporting the citizen (and company) processes • Need for a service-infrastructure supporting the range of actorcomplexity and process-integration • Semantic web, Web 2.0 or a combination ? • Interactive process support/MGLP and semantic wikis • New digital divide (between those that are able to contribute and those that are not) ? • Techniques to ensure usability of applications based on user provided content • Questions ? 10 Citizens, from consumers to prosumers: e-Government Services typologies revisited John Krogstie Professor ved IDI, NTNU Senior advisor SINTEF 11