Transcript Ion-Optics - University of Notre Dame

An Introduction to
Ion-Optics
Series of Five Lectures
JINA, University of Notre Dame
Sept. 30 – Dec. 9, 2005
Georg P. Berg
1
The Lecture
Series
1st Lecture: 9/30/05, 2:00 pm: Definitions, Formalism, Examples
2nd Lecture: 10/7/05, 2:00 pm: Ion-optical elements, properties & design
3rd Lecture: 10/14/05, 2:00 pm: Real World Ion-optical Systems
4th Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 1
5th Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pm: Separator Systems, Part 2
2
4th Lecture
4th Lecture: 12/2/05, 2:00 pm
Separator Systems, Part 1
• Faint radiation near the sun – an analogy (4 – 5)
• Concept of magnetic & electric separation (6 – 8)
• Magnetic separation in 0o experiments in spectrometers (9 – 11)
• Preview Lecture 5 (12)
3
Observing faint radiation near the sun:
An analogy for observing nuclear
particles close to the beam
Solar Eclipse
Coronagraph
Shadow of moon of Earth
Solar Eclipse 1999
4
SOHO, large angle
The Chromosphere
of the Sun in Ha
Ha line, l = 656.28nm
Dl = 0.07nm
Narrow Band Filter
5
Observing close to the Beam
Magnetic & Electric Separation in a Dipole Field
(1)
Fcentr = mv2/r,
T = mv2/2,
Felec = qE
Fmagn = qvB
Centripetal Force
Kinetic Energy (non-relativistic)
Br = mv/q,
Magnetic rigidity
Er = mv2/q,
Electric rigidity
(1a)
(1b)
(28)
(29)
Magnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole Field
Magnetic Separation:
Fmagn = Fcentr
m/q
Electric Separation:
= C1 (T/q ) –1
(30)
Felec = Fcentr
T/q = C2
Wien Filter:
with C1 = (Br)/2
(31)
with C2 = (Er)/2
Felec = Fmagn
v = E/B
m/q
with E ^ B
= C3 T/q
(19)
with C3 = 2/v2
(32)
Mass/charge
m/q
^
T/q = C2
Magnetic and Electric Separation in a Dipole Field
m/q
>
= C3 / (T/q)
Energy/charge
T/q
Ref: D. Catana et al, Report WP10 IDRANAP 15-01/2001
Magnetic (Br) Separation
of Beam & Reaction Products
in Spectrometer Experiments
o
near 0
K600, Grand Raiden Spectrometers:
(3He,t), (p,t), (a,a’), (p,p’), (a,8He)
Special Faraday cups to stop beam
9
K600
Spectrometer
(IUCF)
The K600 is shown in
0o Transmission mode
for inelastic scattering
at 0o
High Dispersion Plane
B(D1) > B(D2)
10
Grand Raiden High Resolution Spectrometer
Grand Raiden is shown in
0o Transmission mode
for reactions at 0o
Faraday cup for
(3He,t): Br(t) ~ 2*Br(3He)
(p,t): Br(t) ~ 1.7*Br(t)
Faraday cup
for (a,8He,), or a,6He,)
Br(6,8He) ~ 1.1 – 1.25 Br(a)
Dipole for inplane spin
component
Reaction Products
6He, 8He, t
11
Preview 5th Lecture
5th Lecture: 12/9/05, 2:00 pm
Separator Systems, Part 2
Preview:
• A “no-field” separation method: the Wedge
• Gas-filled separators
• Fragment separator, inverse kinematics, TRImP
• Recoil separators
• St. George
12
End Lecture 4
13