Transcript Chapter 17 Section 2 Notes

Chapter 17 Section 2 Notes
Intro:
1.In the 1400’s northern
Europeans began to adopt the
ideas of the Renaissance.
2. Renaissance ideas such as the
importance of the individual are a
strong part of modern thought
I. The Northern Renaissance
Begins
A. By 1453 cities in northern
Europe were recovering from the
Bubonic Plague and the Hundred
Years Wars between England and
France
B. Flanders (Belgium) is where
the Northern Renaissance began
C. Rulers in France and England
helped spread the Renaissance to
those countries
1. Francis I sponsored the arts in
France
D. Northern Renaissance
humanist developed plans for
social reform based on Christian
beliefs
II. Artistic Ideas Spread
A. In 1494 France goes to war
with Italy and many Italian artists
fled to Northern Countries
B. German Painters
1. Albrecht Durer
Albrecht Dürer
painted Adoration of
the Trinity after
returning from
studying in Italy.
Pond in the Woods
c. 1496
Watercolor and gouache on
paper
26 x 37 cm
British Museum, London
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
1498
Woodcut
39 x 28 cm
a. Woodcuts and engravings of
religion and classical myths
2. Hans Holbein the Younger
Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam
1523
Wood, 76 x 51 cm
National Gallery, London
Henry VIII
(`The Ambassadors')
1533
Oil on oak, 207 x 209 cm
National Gallery, London
a. Royal family portraits with
photographic detail
1. King Henry VIII
C. Flemish Painters ( Individuals
and worldly pleasures)
1. Jan van Eyck
Man in a Red Turban
Portrait of Cardinal Niccolò Albergati
1431-32
Oil on wood, 34,1 x 27,3 cm
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna
Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini
c. 1435
Oil on wood, 29 x 20 cm
Staatliche Museen, Berlin
a. Invented oil paints
b. Revealed personality of
subjects
2. Pieter Bruegel the Elder
The Harvesters
The Beggars
Peasant wedding
a. Captured scenes of everyday
peasant life
Flemish Peasant
Life
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The Flemish painter
Pieter Bruegel often
portrayed peasants.
Many of his paintings
provide information
about peasant life in
the 1500s.
1. Weddings, dances, and
harvests
D. Dutch Painters
1. Rembrandt Van Rijn
Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn
Dutch, 1632
Oil on panel
24 1/2 x 30 5/16 in.
Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn
Dutch, 1633
Oil on panel
9 1/4 x 11 7/8 in.
The Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp
a. Considered the Dutch Master
III. Northern Writers Try to
Reform Society
A. Writers adopt the Renaissance
ideas of humanism
1. Some gave it a religious slant
became known as Christian
humanists
B. Christian Humanists
1. Desiderius Erasmus (Holland)
a. 1509 writes the book The
Praise of Folly
1. Poked fun at greedy
merchants, quarrelsome scholars,
and pompous priests
b. Believed in Christianity of the
heart not ceremonies
2. Sir Thomas More (England)
a. 1516, writes the book Utopia
1. About an imaginary land
inhabited by peace-loving people
where greed, corruption, war, and
crime had been weeded out
C. French Humanist
1. Francois Rabelais (France)
a. Wrote comic adventure
Gargantua and Pantagruel
1. About two giants that traveled
through France
2. Poked fun at society,
education, and government
D. William Shakespeare
(English)
1. Greatest playwright of all time,
command of English language,
and understanding of human
beings
2. Scenes of dramatic conflict,
tragedies
3. Works include, Macbeth, King
Lear, Hamlet, A Midsummer
Night’s Dream, Romeo and
Juliet, and Julius Caesar
E. The Elizabethan Age
1. Named after Queen Elizabeth I
1558-1603
2. She spoke English, French,
Italian, Latin, and Greek
IV. Printing Spreads Renaissance
Ideas
A. Gutenberg invents the Printing
Press
Only 46 copies of the Gutenberg Bible still exist in the
world. Because of this, each copy is considered
priceless. A part of a page is shown above right.
1. Johann Gutenberg, from
Mainz, Germany invents
movable type in
Europe in 1440
2. His first book was the
Gutenberg Bible in 1445
B. Printing Spreads Learning
1. Books became cheaper
because more were being printed
2. New ideas spread quick
3. Literacy arose
4. Vernacular language helped
those that couldn’t afford a
classical education
1=B
2=H