Transcript Chinese Politics: - Asian Studies Center

Chinese Historical
Survey:
From the Yellow Emperor to Hu
Jintao
Mythological Culture Heroes
Fuxi and Nugua: half animal, half human
 Shen Nong: The Divine Farmer
 The Yellow Emperor
 Xi Ling: The discover of silk and inventor
of weaving
 Emperor Yao
 Emperor Shun
 Emperor Yu

Fuxi and Nuwa
Pangu


…and from his bones the mountains were
made, and from his blood the rivers and seas
evolved, and from his hairs, the trees and
plants were created..
And human beings?

…they evolved from his body lice and fleas
Fuxi: The Ox Tamer
Shennong: The Divine Farmer
The Yellow Emperor: the “Father”
of the Chinese People
Xi Ling: discoverer of Silk and
inventor of Weaving
Unreeling the thread
Emperor Yao
Emperor Shun
Shun performing divinations in the
Palace
Shun escapes the fire
YU: “Without whom we should all
have been fishes”
The Xia dynasty: myth or reality?
 The
Chinese claim that Yu’s son is the first
emperor of the first dynasty
 No written records have been found
 No archeological sites definitely attributed
to this dynasty
 But prehistoric cultures existed throughout
China
 Was one of them Xia?
Prehistoric cultures in the Yellow
River Valley
Yangshao Culture
Banpo Village
Shang Dynasty: Religious
Conception of Ancestors
Oracle Bone
Shang Bronzes: symbols of power
Taotie Designs
Last evil King of the Shang: the
“Lake of Wine” and the “forest of
meat”
Zhou (Chou) Dynasty: King Wen
(Cultured King)
King Wu (Martial King) and the Duke
of Zhou
Map of Western Zhou: 1100-771 BC
Map of Eastern Zhou: 771-221 B.C.
The Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven,
How beautiful and unceasing!
Oh, how glorious
Was the purity of King Wen's virtue!
With blessings he overwhelms us.
We will receive the blessings.
They are a great favor from our King Wen.
May his descendants hold fast to them
Division of Eastern Zhou
 Spring and Autumn Period
– Weak government
– Relative peace
– 200 feudal states
 Warring States Period
– Almost non-existent government
– Anarchy and total warfare
– 7 major states
Warring States Ideal Military
Commander
Who was Confucius? (Kong Fuzi)
Confucius traveled from state to
state seeking employment
Confucius playing the Qin (Zither)
Filial Piety (Xiao) is the root of all
ethics and politics
Veneration of Ancestors
Ritual is Key to Confucian
Government
Mencius (Mengzi) developed
Confucian ideas
Zhou dynasty tomb
Warring States Artifacts
The Triumph of Qin:
The Fa Jia (Legalist School)
 Lord Yang
 Han Feizi
 Li Su
Qin Shi Huang Di: The Unifier of
China
Map of the Qin Dynasty
Terracotta Warriors
Tomb of Qin Shi Huang
Qin the Unifier
•
•
•
•
Standardized writing
Standardized weights and measures
Standardized axle widths
Abolished feudalism and class separation by
birth
• Created private property of land and
government taxation of land
• Set up centralized governmental structures
Han Dynasty: a class struggle
between feudal and centralized
government
Xiang Yu
 Liu Bang

Map of the Han Dynasty: China’s
first Imperial Dynasty
Map of the Silkroad: the great
trading highway between East and
West
Han: 202BC to 220 AD
Han: Centralized government,
control of trade
Han dynasty tomb
Iron Dagger
Gold and Silver Acupuncture
needles
Achievements of Han
Establishment of Exam system for
selecting civil servants
 Creating silk road trade with Rome and
expanding empire
 Adopting Confucianism as state ideology
 State school system
 Invention of Paper

The Three Kingdoms: A Time of
Romance or a Time of Chaos?
Era of Division: 220: 581
Map of Northern and Southern
Dynasties
Arrival of Buddhism
Changes in Era of Division
Integration of the South as central to the
Chinese state
Introduction of Buddhism
Development of Religious Daoism
Intermarriage with non-Chinese
Development of art and literature
Sui dynasty: 581:618

The Reunification of
China
The Grand Canal
Map of Tang China
Tang Taizong: 2nd Emperor of Tang
Taizong attended by Palace women
Empress Wu, China’s only female
Emperor
Spirit Way to Empress Wu’s tomb
Empress Wu’s spirit way
Stelae at Empress Wu’s Tomb
The Ultimate cheat sheet
Examination Cells
Emperor Taizu: First Emperor of the
Song Dynasty
Northern Song
Emperor Gaozong of Southern
Song: lover of art and poetry
Southern Song
Yue Fei: supreme loyalty
Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi): Neo-Confucian
Synthesizer
Genghis Khan
Map of Mongol Empire at its height
Khubilai Khan: Yuan Shisi: First
Emperor of Yuan
Shisi’s Empress
Map of Yuan China
Founder of Ming dynasty: Emperor
Taizu
Emperor Chengzu: the Creator of
Imperial Beijing
Temple of Heaven
Forbidden City: Imperial Palace
Ming Tombs
Treasure fleet of Admiral Zheng He
The Great Wall
Founder of Qing Dynasty
Kangxi: longest reigning Emperor
in Chinese history: 61 years
Cixi (Tzu Hsi): Ruler from 18611907
The Last Emperor
Sun Yat Sen (Sun Zhongshan) and
Republican China
Chiang Kai Shek (Jiang Jie Shi)
Chairman Mao Zedong (Mao Tse
Tung)
Deng Xiaoping and Zhang Zemin
Hu Jintao