Slide 1

Transcript Slide 1

Notebook check 4a

Please grab a new notebook check paper from the front. Put YOUR name on the front. The person is grading it will go on the back… Stack your notebooks on the end of your desk for me to collect. Put your notebook check on your TOC page (does not have to be attached)

Daily Question #2

1. Please put your signed syllabus in the box!. Make sure that each part is initialed/signed, and also the back. 2. Remember your cell structure and function test is on Friday! STUDY!

3. Tomorrow your Cover page is due about your goals.

Daily Question #2

Your parents “came together”  to create you. List 5 specific “traits” that people say have and specifically who (parent/ grandparent) they say it comes from.

2. Define Genetics (in your own words).

3. Think of at least 4 words that you think have ANYTHING to do with Genetics.

4. What are the 4 macromolecules?

5. Which one is used for short term energy?

6. Which one is used for long term energy?

7. Which will you find in the nucleus of your cells?

8. Which are the workhorses of your cells and actually “do” work in your cells?

C.O. – Students will explore the different structures and functions of plant and animal cells.

L.O. – Students will work in groups to read together and understand the main structures of the cell and their functions.

DQ 3 is next

• In order to get full credit on next DQ check, write down the whole chart for the first question. • The slide will change after 6 minutes. There are 7 total questions!

• If you have not turned in your syllabus yet, turn it in with both sides signed!

That store energy are

That

Provide

Starch, glycogen like

Daily Questions #3

Macromolecules Are made of lipids

Organic ________

That provide long-term _______ storage Provide That are made with

That direct heredity are

Such as DNA

Are made of

Daily Questions #3

2. What is the cell membrane made out of?

3. Which part of that molecule is hydrophilic, and which part is hydrophobic?

4. Hemoglobin is an example of a protein that carries what element throughout your body essential for survival?

5. Look at your packet and discuss as a group: which organelles are located in plants but NOT in animal cells?

That store energy are That

Daily Questions #3

Macromolecules Are made of lipids That provide long-term _______ storage Provide That are made with That direct heredity are

Acids

Such as Starch, glycogen like DNA Are made of

Daily Questions #3

2. What is the cell membrane made out of?

3. Which part of that molecule is hydrophilic, and which part is hydrophobic?

4. Hemoglobin is an example of a protein that carries what element throughout your body essential for survival?

5. Look at your packet and discuss as a group: which organelles are located in plants but NOT in animal cells?

Test tomorrow!

Write this on the back of your cells/genetics packet to help you study.

What is a cell?

Structure and function (AND IDENTIFY ON A PICTURE!) of: cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, nuclear membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, golgi body, smooth ER, chloroplasts, vacuole, mitochondria, lysosomes, and nucleolus.

C.O. – Students will explore the different structures and functions of plant and animal cells.

L.O. – Students will work in groups to read together and understand the main structures of the cell and their functions.

C.O. – Students will check their understanding through a formative test on cell parts.

L.O. – Students will review their answers and discuss which questions they did not understand.

On page “0” (left side of page 1) complete the following: Chapter 8.2

Words: equilibrium, diffusion, osmosis, concentration gradient, hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic.

Questions: 1-4

LSS3-1 Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

PLEASE WRITE THIS STANDARD ON THE TOP OF PAGE 1!

DNA-GENETICS Cover Page (on the rest of page 1) DUE FRIDAY! (homework calendar!) 4 colors (EACH PICTURE). DNA, Genetics, chromosomes, nucleic acids, nucleotides….etc…

C.O. – Students will explore the selectivity of semipermeable membranes.

L.O. – Students will conduct a 5 day experiment on the effects of substances within and without a semipermeable membrane. Students will also take notes on the cellular membrane

Your Lab is due today.

Here is your checklist: 1.

Measure egg for final day (day 7) 2.

Each person answers conclusion questions (in complete sentences, discuss them as a group) Complete both graphs. First graph will be plotting the MASS of the egg , the second graph will be plotting the width AND length (in different colors). If you need a new graph paper for your final graph, get one from me.

BUT make no mistakes!

Prepare a summary of your findings, your group will present tomorrow to the class. You will have 1 piece of paper to make a poster .

Your poster should have your graphs, data table, title, and at least 1 picture. COLOR!

You should discuss EACH day and what effect it had on your egg membrane using the words: osmosis, diffusion, hypotonic, hypertonic, isotonic . You must ALSO discuss errors experienced in the lab, and 2 things you would do next time to make your lab better/more accurate.

•What is the structure and characteristics of the lipid bilayer?

CELLS!

• The basic building block of the membrane is a phospholipids.

• has a head and two tails. • head = hydrophilic, tail = hydrophobic.

• form a double layer (a bilayer).

• stop polar molecules (+/-) from entering the cell. different parts of the membrane communicate inside and outside of the cell.

• Lipid bilayers are fluid, they float around like inner tubes CO - Students will learn the major functions of the cell membrane.

LO - Students will think-pair-share for Ch. 8 interactive reading.

•Why is water important?

CELLS!

•All cells are surrounded by water, with water inside as well. Water is needed for hydration.

•The interaction between lipids water shapes the cell membrane.

•Water is polar one part is positive, one part is negative, so water molecules attract each other.

•Oil and water… CO - Students will learn the major functions of the cell membrane.

LO - Students will think-pair-share for Ch. 8 interactive reading.

Daily Questions # 4

Draw and finish the solutions of these cells… 5% ____ 25% ____ 25% ____ 25% ___ 25% ___ 5% ___ __________ __________ __________ 2. Label the above cells as hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic. Include an arrow showing which way the solution will travel 3. What do we call the process where WATER moves through a membrane to create equilibrium (balance).

4. List 2 reasons why the glucose solution (sugar) may have traveled INTO the egg membrane.

5. List some reasons why you think the egg membrane may tear.

6. Discuss how the egg will react when put into your solution .

CELLULAR COMMUNICATION

•HOMEOSTASIS!

•

WRITE THIS DOWN!!!

•Cells want to be BALANCED!

–Hypertonic – concentration is greater OUTSIDE of the cell, causing cell to lose fluid and shrink –Hypotonic – concentration is greater INSIDE the cell, causing the cell to get bigger.

–Isotonic – Water moves in and out, cell stays the same shape. DRAW THESE!

CELLULAR MOVEMENT

•What are the types of cell movement?

•Cells are the smallest unit that can sustain life so they need to “live” (eat, metabolise, etc..) •There are 2 main avenues of movement •First =

Passive Transport

– Does not require energy

•

Diffusion

– The movement of molecules from a high concentration area to low concentration area (homeostasis) Diffusion is “toll-free”.

–

Osmosis

is the diffusion of water. Cells allow water to pass freely to keep cells balanced. Plants have cell walls to help hold water without bursting.

C.O. – Students will explore the selectivity of semipermeable membranes.

L.O. – Students will conduct a 5 day experiment on the effects of substances within and without a semipermeable membrane. Students will also take notes on the cellular membrane

graphing

Your Lab is due today.

Here is your checklist: 1.

Measure egg for final day (day 7) 2.

BUT make no mistakes!

Prepare a summary of your findings, your group will present tomorrow to the class. You will have 1 piece of paper to make a poster .

Your poster should have your graphs, data table, title, and at least 1 picture. COLOR!

Daily Questions # 5

Draw the solutions of these cells… 78% 42% 25% 61% 31% 47% __________ __________ __________ 2. Label the above cell solutions as hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic. Include an arrow showing which way the solution will travel in relation to the membrane.

3. What will happen to the first cell (grow/shrink/nothing).

4. What will happen to the second cell (grow/shrink/nothing).

5. What is the term used to describe how materials pass through a membrane to achieve equal concentrations on both sides?

6. How will a substance travel (away/towards) a high concentration gradient?

7. How will a substance travel (away/towards) a low concentration gradient?

__________

Daily Questions # 5

__________ __________

1. Quiz tomorrow on egg lab and chapter 8.1-8.2 (write it down!) 2. You can raise your grade on the Cells and Organelles packet we did by 1 grade. 1. It was out of 45 points. Divide your score by 45 and x100 to get your percentage.59% or below was an F, you can raise to a D, 69% or below was a D, you can raise to a C, 79% or below was a C, you can raise to a B. 89% or below is a B, you can raise to an A. This must be turned in by THIS FRIDAY. After that it stays the same.

3. The same applies to the cellular membrane packet that we also did. It was worth 35 points.

C.O. – Students will explore the selectivity of semipermeable membranes.

L.O. – Students will conduct a 5 day experiment on the effects of substances within and without a semipermeable membrane. Students will also take notes on the cellular membrane

1. Introduction – share what you THOUGHT was going to happen in this lab (your predictions) 2. Data – what did you observe 3.

Back it up with your graph/picture etc… 4. Conclusion – what did you learn 5. Sources of error Make sure to reference our key words, everyone should speak at least once.

Order of groups 4,7,3,6,1,2,8,5,9

Daily Questions # 6

1. Finish the solutions given below.

B. ____ A. ____ C. ____ 72% 28% 50% _________ _________ _________ 2. Label the above cell solutions as hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic IN RELATION TO THE CELL! Look at your homework definition or the books definition if you are confused.

3. Draw an Arrow going into or out of (or both) showing the direction of fluid travel.

4. Next to each red arrow draw the NEW size of the cell once after it balances out.

5. Which solution(s) made your egg grow (from your lab)?

6. Which solution(s) made your egg shrink (from your lab)?

7. Which solution(s) had no effect on your egg?

Diffusion/eggmosis quiz

1. For this quiz you should be able to: 1.

Recognize what makes a hypotonic,hypertonic, or isotonic solution.

Calculate the differences in percentage of solutions Have a working knowledge of your eggmosis lab.

Understand the

effects

of hypotonic,hypertonic, or isotonic solutions on cells.

Know the difference between diffusion and osmosis.

C.O. – Students will be able to distinguish between the structure and function of the different parts of a cell.

L.O. – Students will read together and discuss a “cell as a factory” and match cell names/structures/and functions of important organelles.

Quiz on cell parts tomorrow

Daily Questions # 7

1. With your group describe the FUNCTIONS of the following organelles: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) Ribosome Cell wall Cell membrane Lysosome Vacuole Golgi body Nucleolus Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Chloroplast Amyloplast-

Daily Questions # 8

1. Describe at least 2 reasons why YOU think that cells may need to divide or reproduce.

2. What is the difference between a DNA and a CHROMOSOME?

3. How many chromosomes do you think you have in your body?

4. What is a gene?

5. Put the following in order from smallest to largest: chromosome, organ, dna, nucleotide, chromatid, nucleus, cell, nucleolus, tissue.

What percentage of “information” (like genes) come from your mom and your dad to make you?

Get out your HW calendar and for tomorrow write “10.1 DUE”

LSS3-1 Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

C.O. – Students will understand the need for reproduction in cells.

L.O. – students will read and discuss and take notes about why cells divide and the location of chromosomes.

Homework 10.1

•

On the left hand page:

•

Words (to prepare for quiz)

–

Gene, chromosome, chromatin, chromatid, centromere, sister chromatids.

–

Questions: 1, 3, 4, 6

•

REMEMBER to include your page numbers of the text book where you found your answers!

Daily Questions # 9

1. Based off of your homework list 2 reasons for cell REPRODUCTION in your body.

2. Explain why daughter cells are identical to parent cells.

3. If cells constantly double in number when they divide, why does the whole organism NOT continue to grow in size.

4. A fast growing cell divides one times every 30 minutes. How many total cells do you have after the first 30 minutes?

5. After the first hour?

6. After the 3 rd hour?

7. After the 6 th hour?

•Why do cells need to reproduce?

Chromosomes

•

You produce roughly 2 trillion cells per day.

2,000,000,000,000!

•

Cells, like all things have a LIFE CYCLE

•As you grow your body NEEDS more “stuff” •To get bigger, more complex, provide nutrients.

•

Reproduction (mitosis) is needed for

•

CELL GROWTH

•

INJURY

•

REPLACEMENT (DEATH) of other cells.

10.1 Quiz!

•

Please have a pen or a pencil out for your quiz.

Chromosomes

•Why is understanding cell reproduction important to know?

•Biotechnology is an amazing field.

–Here are some things happening right now… – Cell gun – Printing body parts •Because we know cells can replicate themselves so quickly and efficiently we can also learn more about our potential .

–Write down 5 WORDS you did not know the meaning… –Write down 5 CONCEPTS/IDEAS, you thought were interesting.

•We know that life is amazing. Among all the TRILLIONS of things that could go wrong, we still end up with beautiful people despite imperfections. Trisomy 13 and 18 are often fatal. Trisomy 21 is the most common birth defect. Here is 1 story of trisomy 13 (warning)

Please read this!

• I THINK when my TA wrote down the scores for your original “Cellular Organelles” and “Cellular Membrane” they may have been mixed up.

• PLEASE check the score you got on your ORIGINAL packet with the score that is on the wall. IF IT IS DIFFERENT, please let me know.

• If you turned in the packet to be regraded (updated) I have it.

C.O. – Students will recognize the difference in physiology at a genetic level.

L.O. – Students will read “Gender testing for athletes remains a tough call” and discuss gender equality for the male, female and transgender population.

Daily Question #10

1. DNA coils in the nucleus to form _______.

2. The shape of a DNA molecule is a ______ ________.

3. 1 set of chromosomes is called a ________.

4. How many pairs of chromosomes do you have in your body?

5. What are the two different sex chromosomes?

6. Nucleotides make up DNA. A typical human chromosome contains _____ billion nucleotides.

7. How much DNA information do you get from each parent?

8. A certain genetic condition occurs when a human has 47 chromosomes instead of 46. It causes problems in the way the body and brain develop and is the most common birth defect. It is also known as trisomy 21. What is this condition called?

Gender equality in sports

• Agree (left side of the room), or Disagree (right side of the room).

• Men, women, and transgender individuals should be able to choose who they want to compete against in any sport. That is fair.

Daily Question #11

1. What does trisomy mean?

2. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide (think back!) 3. A nucleotide is what type of macromolecule?

4. Two nucleotides bond together to make a ______.

A “G” nucleotide always bonds with a “__” on a DNA strand.

A “T” nucleotide always bonds with a “__” on a DNA strand.

7. Draw a chromosome and label the following parts: Chromosome, chromatid, sister chromatid, centromere, DNA.

LSS3-1 Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

C.O. – Students will understand the need for reproduction in cells.

L.O. – students will read and discuss and take notes about why cells divide and the location of chromosomes.

Please remember to check your “cells organelles” and Cellular membrane packet score, with the score on your grade (the wall) to make sure they are the same. If the score is lower on the wall it is impacting your grade, so please show me your packet score if it is different! Grades are due this Friday!

Place this on the top of an open left hand page (COLOR!). With your group, LABEL as many things as you recognize…

Top half

Organelles = “little organs” i.e. mitochondria, vacuole etc… Cell Membrane No organelles Nuclear Membrane Vacuole (storage)

On the Bottom half, make these circles take up the whole page Discuss with your group the similarities that you see and the differences between the two. If there is something that they have in COMMON, write it in the middle.

Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotic Cell BOTH

LSS3-1 Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.

C.O. – Students will understand the need for reproduction in cells.

L.O. – students will read and discuss and take notes about the process of cell division and the location of chromosomes.

Please grab the reading paper in the front and complete yesterdays assignment. It will be due in approximately 15 minutes, then we will move on. If you are behind from yesterday and copy someone else’s work at any point, you and they will get a zero. This is an INDIVIDUAL assignment NOT a group assignment. Read for YOUR understanding, not the groups understanding .

10.2 CLASSWORK

Go to your next open entry (both pages blank). For most people its p.6 and p. 7 On the right hand side, complete the following for 10.2

Words: cell cycle, interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis, centrosome, cell plate.

(include page numbers)

Questions: 1, 2, 4

(include page numbers)

On the LEFT hand side, on the top half draw, color and label an example of the cell cycle (228) but also draw lines representing the “mitosis” phases and label them with the correct 4 sub-phases. On the bottom half label it “mitosis” and draw, color, and

describe

each stage of mitosis (230-231).

Prokaryotic Cells VS Eukaryotic cells

•Describe the difference between prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells and viruses.

•Main differences •EUkaryote (has nuclEUs • HAS nucleus • HAS nuclear membrane •Has organelles •Larger than Prokaryote •Prokaryote •has flagellum or cilia for movement.

•Enclosed in Capsule (protection) •Nucleoid not contained.

•Lack organelles •“primitive” cell

Daily Question #12

1. Name the four stages of mitosis.

2. What stage does a cell spend most of its life in?

3. What is the main difference between the process of meiosis and mitosis?

4. What is the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

What happens during the S phase of a cell’s cycle?

6. What is the G2 phase of the cell cycle?

7. What is a fertilized egg called?

8. What are sperm and egg cells called?

9. Name at least one cell that does NOT go through the normal cell cycle (leaves after G1 phase).

Daily Question #13

DO NOT WORK ON YOUR NOTEBOOK DURING DQ’s OR YOU WILL RECEIVE A ZERO ON IT!

In what cycle of interphase does the cell make organelles?

What are the 2 MAJOR phases that most cells will go through in its lifetime?

Give 3 examples of cell type that do not complete a full cell cycle (divide).

In what cycle of interphase does the cell experience rapid growth in order to prepare for division?

Why is participating in activities that kill your brain cells a permanent thing with long lasting effects?

Name the 4 stages of mitosis.

What stage happens directly after this?

In what cycle of interphase does the DNA replicate itself?

•Describe the cell cycle.

Cell Cycle

•Each cell goes through its own cycle.

•Most of a cells life is spent in the 3 subphases of interphase.

•The M phase (mitosis phase), G1 (gap 1, growth) is the first phase of interphase, S phase (2 nd phase of interphase) is where DNA is synthesized (replicated), G2 (gap 2, growth and preparation for mitosis). CO- Students will learn the distinct parts of interphase.

LO- Students will produce a graphic organizer of interphase.

CO- Students will learn the distinct parts of interphase.

LO- Students will produce a graphic organizer of interphase.

•Cell cycle vs

No cell lives forever.

•

Cell cycles can be triggered by genes or other proteins.

Cancer.

•

Faulty cells (cancer cells) never stop replicating, spread throughout the body, shutting it down, killing the organism.

•Cancer cells break away from main cell, travel to other parts of the body and replicate there as well. This is called

metastisizing.

CO- Students will learn the distinct parts of interphase.

LO- Students will produce a graphic organizer of interphase.

•Most cancer cells have been found to have defects in the gene that regulates cell division. •

Mutations can cause cancer cells. Factors can be environmental agents, and chemical agents (like cigarette smoke).

•Describe the process of mitosis

Mitosis 6.2

•In order to survive and reproduce cells must divide.

•When cells get to be a certain size it either stops growing or divides.

•Eukaryotic cells divide to form 2 nuclei to make 2 identical copies.

•This process is called MITOSIS. (MI-TWO-SIS)

Animation • (interphase) • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • cytokinesis

Mitosis

•Describe the 5 stages of mitosis

Mitosis

•Cells spend most of their lives in “interphase”. Interphase is the time between each cell division.

•“inter” comes from latin meaning “between” so interphase really means the “between” phase. Interphase can be minutes, days, or years for some cells. Nerve cells and some muscle cells never complete a cycle.

•Right before mitosis the DNA copies itself so that each cell will be identical.

•“INTERPHASE” is sometimes considered the first stage of mitosis…

•PROPHASE •Prophase is the first phase of mitosis.

•Chromosomes coil, the nuclear env. Breaks apart, and protein spindle fibers (called microtubules) from the centrosomes assemble across the cell directing the chromosomes where to go.

•METAPHASE

Mitosis

•Metaphase is the second stage of Mitosis.

•

(some call it the third stage only when they count “interphase” as the 1 st phase)

•Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell and attach themselves to the microtubules.

•ANAPHASE

Mitosis

•Anaphase is the 3

mitosis.

stage of •Each chromosome separates in half (into chromatids) and they are “reeled” in like a fish on a fishing pole towards the opposite sides of the cell.

•Microtubules begin to break down.

•TELOPHASE

Mitosis

•Telophase is the 4

Mitosis.

stage of •In Telophase each cell now has a complete set of chromosomes, the nuclear envelope forms around them and they uncoil so proteins can be built.

•Microtubules dissapear

•CYTOKINESIS

Mitosis

•Cytokinesis is the final stage of Mitosis.

•Cytokinesis is where the cytoplasm of the cell is pinched creating 2 identical cells.

•These 2 new cells are then free to divide again on their own etc…

Mitosis worksheet

Daily Question #14

Turn in your Crossword, if you copy ANY answer from someone else you and they will get a zero. Turn it in now.

What do we call the process where a cell divides and ends up with 2 identical cells.

What do we call those 2 identical cells?

What do we call the ORIGINAL cell that duplicated?

A sperm cell is what type of cell?

For the following words, group them together however your group feels they should be grouped. Then with your group, make a list of

at least

“order”. You choose. 6 words that have some sort of Nitrogen Protein chromosome DNA double helix nucleus cell nucleotide organ nucleolus Chromatid amino acid Sister chromatid tissue sugar (pentose) nucleic acids base (GCTA) phosphate RNA Gene

C.O. – Students will understand the components of DNA and how they affect organisms.

L.O. – Students will work together coloring and labeling distinct nucleotides and discuss the level organization of heredity.

Mitosis with Allium (onion root tip)

• Cut out the 5 boxes (A,B,C,D,E). Grab one of the papers on the little desk next to my desk.

• When I give you the command you will go around the room, find a matching letter and draw the ONE cell that the pointer is on. DO NOT CHANGE ANYTHING ON THE MICROSCOPE! (except perhaps the eyepiece) • Draw the cell ACCURATELY in your box, then move on. When you have them completed, return to your seat.

• QUIZ TOMORROW ON MITOSIS PHASES!

Daily Question #15

1. What is a gamete?

2. What is the common name for trisomy 21?

3. What is a diploid?

If a trait from your father is “stronger” than the same trait from your mother, what is the genetic term to describe that?

5. What is on the inside of the chromosomes?

6. Where are the chromosomes located?

7. There are 3,000,000,000 nucleotides in your DNA strand, write that number in scientific notation. REMEMBER YOUR STEPS!

8. What is a 3D printer biotechnology?

and how could it benefit

•Describe the structure and function of chromosomes…

Chromosomes

•Chromosomes are like Google…TONS of information stored in one convenient place. Google has ONE site to search for everything.

•

There are 46 chromosomes (in pairs) in almost every cell in your body.

•

Each “pair” is almost identical, containing the same genes in the same order.

•

Connected in the middle at the “centromere”

Daily Question #16

DO THESE FROM MEMORY, DO NOT LOOK THEM UP!

1. Chromosomes are coils of ______ that contain genetic information for that organism.

2. How many total chromosomes do human cells contain?

3. List the 5 steps in order, of mitosis.

4. Draw a pie chart from memory to describe the order of the entire life a cell including the subphases of interphase.

5. In which phase does a cell spend most of its life?

You will have a mitosis quiz on Friday (please write it on your HW calendar!), study life cycle of the cell (interphase (G1,S,G2)) and mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) and cytokinesis.

You should also know generally what happens at each phase of mitosis.

If you have not turned in your mitosis worksheet please turn it in now.

C.O. – Students will understand the components of DNA and how they affect organisms.

L.O. – Students will work together coloring and labeling distinct nucleotides and discuss the level organization of heredity.

Base pair “rule” A T (U) G C

Chromosomes

SEX chromosome XX=female XY = Male

•Describe the structure and function of chromosomes…

Chromosomes

•

Chromosomes are like Google…TONS of information stored in one convenient place. Google has ONE site to search for everything.

•

There are 46 chromosomes (in pairs) in almost every cell in your body.

•

Each “pair” is almost identical, containing the same genes in the same order.

•Down syndrome (called trisomy 21) is where you have an extra chromosome in the 21 st “pair.

•Trisomy 18 • trisomy 13

•Down Syndrome has 3 main characteristics •Physical, medical, and cognitive (developmental).

· A flattened appearance to the face · A high, broad forehead · A smaller head, proportionately · An upward slant to the eyes · A narrow slit to the eyes · Pronounced bags or folds under the eyes · A small, depressed nose · Small ears · Ears set quite low to the face · A small mouth · A large or protruding tongue · A short neck · Short arms and legs · Short fingers and toes · Large space between the first and second toe · A single, deep crease in the center of the palm · Poor muscle tone (hypotonia) · Loose joints (hyperflexability) · Weak reflexes

Mitosis and meiosis worksheet

Standard 2a

a. Students know meiosis is an early step in sexual reproduction in which the pairs of chromosomes separate and segregate randomly during cell division to reproduce gametes containing one chromosome of each type.

b. Only certain cells in a multicellular organism undergo meiosis.

c. How random chromosome segregation explains the probability that a particular allele will be in a gamete.

Mitosis Quiz!

• Please use the next 6-10 minutes to study for your mitosis quiz.

• You will turn in your mitosis homework so make sure it is finished!!!

C.O. – Students will illustrate the differences between the process of meiosis (sexual reproduction) and mitosis (cellular division) L.O. – Students will read and discuss the text, take notes and diagram mitosis and meiosis.

Daily Question #17

** Which of the following BEST describes meiosis?

It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of the organism It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord It is the first stage of mitosis.

Which element from the periodic table is essential for building amino acids/proteins?

What is the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis?

During which phase of mitosis does the cell split into 2 identical cells.

Which “phase” does a cell spend most of its lifetime in?

In order, starting with mitosis, what is the lifecycle of a cell?

In class work ch. 11.1

• On the left hand side: • Vocabulary: – Gamete, zygote, diploid, haploid, fragmentation, asexual reproduction, homologous chromosomes, autosomes.

• Questions: – 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 • Try to keep to one page. Write small and be concise. DON’T JUST COPY, write in your own words.

• Remember to get full credit, you must include the page numbers for where you found your answer.

• QUIZ TOMORROW ON THOSE VOCABULARY WORDS, WRITE ON HW CHART!

• And remember your DNA packet is due today…

•Describe the

Chromosomes 6.1

•

Chromosomes are like Google…TONS of information stored in one convenient place.

structure and

Google has ONE site to search for everything.

function of chromosomes… •

There are 46 chromosomes (in pairs) in almost every cell in your body.

•

Each “pair” is almost identical, containing the same genes in the same order.

•These pairs are called diploid (di means 2) because they contain

both

(or full set of) chromosomes.

•

A haploid cell (an “n” cell) contains only 1 CHROMATID (half) of the chromosomes of that organism.

•

A gamete (sex cell) is a haploid cell that contains the genetic info from a parent Sperm (haploid) + egg (haploid) = diploid..you

•Describe the structure and function of chromosomes…

Chromosomes

•

Chromosomes are located in a cells nucleus.

•

Each chromosome contains one long thread of DNA (if spread out would be about 5cm long) that is wound around proteins

(hairdryer!) •DNA has 2 strands wound together that contains all the info necessary for that cell.

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Each DNA strand has its own order of nucleotides bonded together.

Its like having a combination lock…hundreds of combinations.

•But DNA has 3,000,000,000 nucleotides so that would be 4x10 3,000,000,000 combinations.

•Its like having a lock with 3,000,000,000 numbers on it.