Transcript Slide 1

Gothic art: Originally used to describe northern
European architecture from the 12thC to the 16thC (a
non-classical architecture). the term was extended. as a
term of abuse. to apply to all the arts of that preRenaissance period. 'Gothic' was seen as the work of the
Goths rather than 'the ancients' and therefore barbaric.
An emphasis on verticals. such as pointed arches and
rib-vaulting; carved decoration; elongation of form to
express religious feeling; and brilliant color - all were
parts of the style. Above all. Gothic art was
'transcendental'.
Duomo of Siena
It is built in Tuscan Gothic style by
Giovanni Pisano, replete with gargoyles.
For additional information on this
structure and its history go to this site.
http://www.essentialrchitecture.com/STYLE/STY-ME05.htm
Saint-Jacques Abbey
The Benedictine abbey of Saint-Jacques
was founded in 1015. The actual church,
constructed from 1514 to 1538 is a gem
of flamboyant gothic architecture.
http://www.visitbelgium.com/?page=Abb
ey-Road
Gothic architecture originated in Normandy and
Burgundy in the 12th century. It was
essentially the style of the Catholic
countries of Europe, including Hungary
and Poland, and attained its highest
excellence in France and England. It
developed forms on a regional basis,
often of great complexity
and beauty, and was
used for nonreligious
buildings as well
as for cathedrals,
churches, and
monasteries.
Church of the former
Trinity abbey in the
provincial town Vendôme
in the Département Loiret-Cher/France - facade
with Wimperg above the
main entrance and
tracery in the
Flamboyant style of the
late Gothic.
http://commons.wikimedi
a.org/wiki/Category:Goth
ic_architecture
In Gothic architecture thrusts
were as far as possible resisted
by counter-thrusts, and the final
resultant pressure was
transmitted by flying half-arches
across the intervening portions of
the structure to external
buttresses placed at convenient
points. This combination 186 of
flying half-arches and buttresses
is called the flying-buttress (Fig.
107). It reached its highest
development in the thirteenth and
fourteenth centuries in the
cathedrals of central and
northern France.
The Crusades
1096 to 1291
1st Crusade 1096 – 1099
2nd Crusade 1147-1149
3rd Crusade 1189-1192
4th Crusade 1201-1204
&
Later Crusades…
Art of the Crusades Era
The era of the Great Crusades encompass two periods in
the art in Europe. It spans the end of the Romanesque
style and the beginning of Gothic art, the former ending
around the middle of the 12th century.
The Romanesque
cathedral at
Vezelay (1100
AD).
This is where
Bernard of
Clairvaux
preached the
Second Crusade.
EARLY GOTHIC
FLYING BUTTRESS.
Gothic Architecture
http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson
/m0001560.html
A TEXT-BOOK OF THE
History of Architecture
This is an excellent source site for architectural
information.
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/26319/26319-h/arch1.html
Gothic Art and Architecture
http://autocww.colorado.edu/~toldy2/E64ContentFiles/Perio
dsAndStyles/Gothic.html
French Gothic Period information
http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Art/DF_art3.shtml
St. Vitus
Cathedral at
the Prague
Castle (Gothic)
http://www.prag
ue.cz/st-vituscathedral/
http://www.historyforkids.org/
learn/medieval/architecture/r
omanesque.htm
Sainte-Foy Conques, France, c.
1050-1120 is a nice illustration of
the massive quality of Romanesque buildings.
The Romanesque Period
Romanesque architecture was a combination of features
from Roman and Byzantine structures characterized by
heavy, round-arched churches. Romanesque churches
had thick walls, close-set columns, and small windows.
Designed to accommodate large crowds of lay
worshipers, it has a long nave and transept. The vaulted
nave eliminated the hazard of fire that was a common
problem with the wooden roofs of earlier churches. The
design of the church is a Latin cross.
It was during this period that the Christian church
donned the role of the militant leader. It was the duty of
the church to fight the dark powers on earth until the
end of the world as described in Revelations. The
crusaders became representatives of this militant church
as they set out to seize Jerusalem from the Muslims,
claiming this Holy City in the name of Christianity
(Gombrich, 120). The art, architecture, and furnishings
of the church all reflected this viewpoint--most
characteristically, the sculptures.
The Crusades
This site offers a variety of items reference the
Crusades from banner identification, to leading
figures and maps.
http://the-crusades.info/
Music at the time of the Crusades
Site provides examples of music for play.
http://www.passionato.com/release/3569022/
music-at-the-time-of-the-crusades/
Music of the Crusades Era
The Temptation of Christ, ca. 1125
This illumination from the Gospel Book of
Abbot Wedricus, entitled St. John the
Evangelist, shows conventional emblems
placed around the figure of St. John. In
illuminated manuscripts, the artists could
dispense with the mandates of natural
illusion and space and arrange the figures
and forms in a purely ornamental fashion.
http://www.umich.edu/~marcons/Crusades
/topics/art/art-article.html (This site
provides other related links.)
Mystical Mill
Romanesque
Sculpture
Bas-relief from the
nave of the 12th
century Basilica of
Saint Mary
Magdalene.
IMAGE:
© Marc
Garanger/CORBIS
Cloister of Saint-Guilhemle-Désert, before 1206
(with 14th-century
additions)
French (near Montpellier)
Limestone
Initial V from a
Bible, ca. 1175–
1195
French; From the
Abbey of Pontigny
Tempera on
parchment
ROMANESQUE ART AND ARCHITECTURE
From the History Channel (History.com)
Covers a number of countries.
http://www.history.com/encyclopedia.do?articleId=220891
French Romanesque Period information
http://www.discoverfrance.net/France/Art/DF_art2.shtml
Site discusses the historical information of music
development during the era.
http://www.umich.edu/~marcons/Crusades/topics/music/m
usic-article.html
Arab Music
Site offers historical information on music and
instruments along with music excerpts playable directly
from the site.
http://trumpet.sdsu.edu/M151/Arab_Music1.html
The Metropolitan Museum of Art
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rmsq/ho_25.120.1.134.htm
Pictures from Prague in the Czech Republic
http://chriskahanek.com/italy/Praha/praha.htm
Romanesque Architecture 1000 - 1140
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Arts/Architec/Midd
leAgesArchitectural/RomanesqueArchitecture/Romanes
queArchitectureIllustrations/RomanesqueArchitectureIll
ustrations.htm
WEB Gallery of Art
Romanesque stained glass windows
(Site covers 12th thru 16th centuries)
http://www.wga.hu/framese.html?/html/zgothic/stained/12c/index.html