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Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER) Summer School Derek Luyt (Director and PSAM Head) Yeukai Mukorombindo (Researcher) Zukiswa Kota (Researcher) 11-15 September 2011 Rhodes University Grahamstown 1 The Role of Provinces: Governance and Accountability 2 INTRODUCTION What is the CSA? Oversight of departments: which and why Public Resource Management (process and methods) Tools/Outputs – BA, SPE, ETR-PMR, SDR, Sources – EC Budget Statements (Feb/March), Annual Performance Plans &Operational Plans, Service Delivery Improvement Plans (June/July), Annual Reports (Oct/Nov), Quarterly reports (released every 3 mnths) 3 The Public Resource Management System 4 CSA TOOLS AND SOURCES Promotion of Access to Information Act (PAIA) – Travelgate, Stalled housing projects & water services in Makana (2010), performance agreements & SMS staff declarations, Rapid Assessment Survey (2007), Housing Fraud (2008) Advocacy (media comments & press releases, TV/radio debates on relevant issues, Legislature & Executive ) Network and partnerships- (Provincial & national anticorruption forums, Victim Empowerment Forum, DoHS, DoE (Research Units), ACCESS, LRC, TAC, Section 27, Black Sash, PolicyForum, AMODE, International Budget Partner’s Initiative (PI), 5 The role of provinces To play an important role in monitoring and supporting local government with regards to fulfilling their functions particularly in the delivery of basic services Plays a integration and co-ordination role in terms of ensuring that the integrated development plans of the municipalities combine to form a viable development framework across the province Promotes the development of local governments capacity in order to perform their own functions and manage their own affairs Sect 155 (6) of Const. A fiscal role in terms of which province monitors the financial status of municipalities Provinces can intervene in terms of section 139 of the Constitution. 6 EC Department of Human Settlements: Governance and Accountability 7 SOUTH AFRICA’S HOUSING POLICY Minister sets broad national housing delivery goals, (Section 3.2.b Housing Act) Municipalities mandated role of developer (Housing Act, 107, Part 4, Sect.9 (1) (a). Developer applies to undertake all housing planning and project activities and funding Province to accredit municipalities, assist in planning housing multiyears plans, IDP’s, housing provision, quality assurance Provincial Dept approves /sets housing goals, project applications, reserves, distributes, funds, assesses, monitors project processes 2011/12 ECDoHS total budget - R2.42 billion. 0.02% Budget decline over MTEF. USDG valued at R21.8 million over the MTEF. 2011/12 municipal budget NMBM (R413 million) and BCM (512 million) 8 PROBLEMS Lack of provincial and municipal human capacity to fulfil mandate Few municipalities accredited (Only 2 municipalities accredited in the EC) Inadequate monitoring and evaluation of municipal programmes and projects weak supervision and assistance in compiling multi year plans & IDP’s Insufficient personnel – project managers, inspectors, quality, town planners, engineers, financial managers Bulk infrastructure/basic services challenges and inflationary pressures Lack of integrated and coordinated planning between DoHS & DLGTA Insufficient funding- Equitable Share (outcomes based focus), MIG Poor financial management, corruption & maladministration 9 PROBLEMS CONTD.... Accurate statistics on informal settlements/demand in EC (HSRC demographics) – Housing Needs Register Land inventory (property register) & acquisition Communication- Housing education & progress Rural to urban migration- Rural housing policy vs Urban development Housing typologies/styles- High rise vs RDP, Rental accomodation (Huge demand for rental housingMdantsane, Buffer Strip, Orange Grove & Katilumla) 10 TRENDS Blocked projects/ Slow pace of delivery Delivery of poor quality houses- double handling/ rectification, blocked projects Dept failure to pay creditors on time Poor/insufficient planning & setting of targets (declining) vs improved housing demand info Poor financial management vs Improved financial management (Hist of audit opinions from disclaimers to qualified) Quality of support and guidance given to municipalities in implementation is disjointed and poor 11 KEY AREAS FOR CONSIDERATION DoHS to increase support to municipality – more financial & human resources at provincial level Improve financial management at municipal level – hiring skilled personnel, filling vacancies Take corrective action in response to the misuse/abuse of public resources by officials & service providers Increase project management and quality assurance personnel and measures to ensure quality services CSO and legislature to engage with municipalities, awareness of local by-laws, rules and regulations Implementation of anti-corruption strategies or whistle blowing policy Enhance integrated working relations between DoHS & DLGTA 12 Eastern Cape Department of Education Governance and Accountability 13 23 Eastern Cape School Districts (ECDoE 2009) 14 THE GOOD NEWS... National priority: Schooling 2025 South Africa: high primary enrolment Eastern Cape: 90% universal access to basic education South Africa: high literacy rates Constitutional right (s.29) Improved access; national priority Improving quality...... 15 CSA TOOLS AND SOURCES Outputs Sources used in outputs Challenges Promotion of Access to Information Act Advocacy (media, public, CSO) Network and partnerships 16 CONTEXT S.A.: 75% total child population in poverty (IDASA 2001) E.C.: 2nd largest education establishment 2011/12 allocation; R24.6 billion High investment; poor outcomes achievements (5.7% GDP) Infrastructure poor; 395 mud schools National intervention: Section 100 1(b) TRENDS Fiscal management and capacity Adverse audit reports 2009/10 infrastructure under expenditure Leadership; management and political 2011 suspension of key social programmes Gross maladministration ECDoE AUDIT OUTCOMES Financial Year 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 Audit Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion Adverse Opinion Adverse Opinion Adverse Opinion Disclaimer of Opinion 19 QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. Is there a need for increased district-level governance in education? How can accountability in the management of public funds in education be enhanced in the Eastern Cape context? Are national-level interventions such as the Section 100 1b) effective and/or sustainable? 20 GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY Poor disciplinary record Reported financial mismanagement inter alia Lack of AG recommendation implementation Limited punitive action; long, drawn-out processes “Revolving Door Syndrome” Current example: Section 100 and accountability ... KEY AREAS FOR CONSIDERATION Spending more vs. spending better Public investment in education and governance (Swaroop & Rajkumar 2002) Role of external accountability mechanisms Accountability, empowerment and poverty reduction (2000/2001 WDR) Best models at local level (Ahmad 2008) Participatory budgeting and PETS at local level 22 KEY AREAS FOR CONSIDERATION Improve capacity at district level SGB capacity: financial management and oversight Potentially powerful role of teacher unions Role of external oversight incl. legislature CSO involvement, engagement, partnerships Partnership in Advocacy Thank you Photo: Port St. Johns learners 24