Transcript Document

Communication Skills
Chapter 3
Collection of relevant data and
technical materials, information
sources (e.g. library and
internet).
Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim
Communication Skills
Today’s Objectives:
Students will be able to :
a) Information Sources on the Internet.
Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim
Communication Skills
Information Sources on the Internet
Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim
Communication Skills
Information Sources on the Internet
• Introduction
• Resource types in subject-based resource
gateways
• Categorised list of resource types
• Information sources
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Abstracting and indexing databases
Books/ online bookstores
Citation databases
Conferences, exhibitions, fairs
Courseware, tutorials, guides
Digital collections
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Information Sources on the
Internet…
• Information sources…
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Directories
Discussion forums
Electronic journals
Employment/ career
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) sources
Funding/ grants sources
Libraries/ information centres
Maps
Museums and archives
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Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim
Communication Skills
Information Sources on the
Internet…
• Information sources…
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Organisations, societies, companies
Patents
People, experts
Preprints
Product catalogues
Reference sources
Research projects
Science news
Scientific data sets
Dr. Maisara Mohyeldin Gasim
Communication Skills
Information Sources on the Internet…
• Information sources…
– Specialised search engines
– Software
– Standards
– Technical reports
– Virtual libraries/ subject gateways
– Meta sources
• Keeping up-to-date with the latest Internet
sources
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Introduction
• We have witnessed a tremendous growth in the quantity of printed
publications - books, journals, conference proceedings.
• Today Internet and its related technologies like WWW has resulted
in the rapid proliferation of electronic information.
• From its origin in 1991 as an organization-wide collaborative
environment at CERN - European laboratory for particle physics, for
sharing research documents in nuclear physics, Web has grown to
encompass a variety of information sources - electronic journals,
pre-prints, technical reports, databases, library catalogues, educational
materials, career sources, information on organizations, associations
and so forth.
• The growth of the Web has proliferated so rapidly and in so many
areas of society, we now recognize that 'taming the Web' has become
an urgent necessity, if it is to mature into a reliable and effective
communications medium.
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• Because of this rapid growth, librarians and information professionals
are developing a variety of solutions in bringing the explosion of Web
resources under control.
• It is our(librarian's) responsibility to provide systematic access to
information available on Internet, by classifying the same depending
on its inherent characteristics.
• With the rich experience gained at NCSI in building resource
catalogues in Science, Engineering and other allied fields, we have
identified a set of Internet Resource Types in which most of the
Internet resources can be beautifully accommodated and very well
structured.
• We attempt to provide a brief overview of the various types of
Information Resources available on Internet in Science & Technology,
Business and Social Sciences.
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Resource Types in Subject-based
Information Gateways
• ADAM - adam.ac.uk/adam/index.html Art, design, architecture
and media information gateway is a searchable catalogue of 2390 Internet resources
that have been carefully selected and catalogued
by professional librarians for the benefit of the UK Higher Education
community.
• ARGUS Clearinghouse - www.clearinghouse.net/ Provides a
central access point for value-added topical guides which identify,
describe, and evaluate Internet-based information resources.
• Chemdex - www.chemdex.org/ An international directory of
chemistry on Internet from Dept of Chemistry, University of Sheffield.
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Resource Types in Subject-based
Information Gateways…
• EEVL - Edinburgh Engineering Virtual Library
www.eevl.ac.uk UK gateway to quality engineering information
on the Internet
• Galaxy - galaxy.einet.net Galaxy originally a prototype
associated with the DARPA-funded Manufacturing Automation and
Design ngineering (MADE) program, is the oldest
browsable/searchable web directory.
• SOSIG - sosig.ac.uk/ Social Science Information Gateway
helps to locate high quality sites on the Internet, relevant to social
science education and research.
• Vlib - The Virtual Library, www.vlib.org/ oldest catalog of the
web, started by Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of html and the
web itself.
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Categorised List of Resource Types
Primary Sources
Databases, data sets
•Conferences
& collections
•Courseware/
tutorials/guides/
•manuals
•Discussion
•Abstracting and
groups
indexing databases
•Electronic
(bibliographic databases)
journals (Full
•Citation databases
text)
•Digital collections
•Electronic
(images, audio, video)
journals
• Equipment/ product
(TOC)
catalogues
•Patents
•Scientific data sets
•Preprints
(numeric,
•Projects (current) property, structural
•Science/research databases)
news
•Library catalogues
•Software
(including union
•Standards
catalogues)
•Technical reports •Museum and archives
•Theses and
•Virtual libraries
dissertations
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Books & reference
Organisations
& people
Sources
•Employment/
career sources
•Books
•Funding/ grants
•Reference sources
(dictionaries,encyclopedias, sources
biographies, handbooks, •Libraries/
information
abbreviations, thesauri)
centres
•Maps
•Organisations/
research
institutes/
companies/
societies
•People/experts/
scientist
directories
Communication Skills
Abstracting and Indexing Databases
(Bibliographic Databases)
• Databases are a collection of records pertaining to a specific field of
study.
• Increasing number of bibliographic databases with abstracts of books,
journal articles and conference proceedings are now web accessible
• Some of them are accessible free of cost - eg Medline, Cancernet
• Online hosts like Dialogweb, STNeasy are making their databases web
accessible on subscription
• BibEc - netec.mcc.ac.uk/BibEc.html
• Medline - www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/freemedl.html
• Medline - www.nlm.nih.gov/databases/freemedl.html
• World Database of Happiness www.eur.nl/fsw/research/happiness/
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Books/Online Bookstores
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Books/online texts can be viewed online
Can be searchable by author, title, subject
One can leaf through the books and download electronic texts
Most of the books are free and sent to your browser via html or
downloaded
• Intimation regarding arrival of new books is faster
• Orders can placed for books through online bookstores
• Booksearcher - www.melt.co.uk/surfsearcher/books.html
• NIST - webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/physics.nist.gov/
PhysRefData/contents.html
• Psychology of Cyberspace (The) www.rider.edu/users/suler/psycyber/psycyber.html
• Science Books Online - www.nap.edu
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Citation Databases
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Databases which include citation information of the authors
Example
ISI's 10858 Most Cited Chemists fluo.univ-lemans.fr:8001/chimie/chimistes.html
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Conferences, Meetings, Exhibitions,
Trade Shows, Fairs - Published/
Forthcoming
• Provide advance information on various International conferences,
trade shows taking place
• Some offer virtual visit to these exhibitions
• A search by subject, date or location help to identify details regarding
forthcoming conferences
Examples
• EXPOguide US Countrywide Trade Shows, Conferences and
Expositions - www.expoguide.com/
• Selectscience.net - Information from the worldwide laboratory industry
www.selectscience.net/
• The IMEX Exchange Trade Show Pavilion www.tsnn.com/imex/imex/
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Communication Skills
Courseware/ Tutorials/ Guides/
Manuals
• Aim to provide distance learning/education irrespective of geographical
boundaries
• Electronic classroom where students use the Internet to explore
research topics and develop proficiency in technology
• Offer many courses in various subjects online
• Class materials are delivered through Web
Examples
• Global Instructional Chemistry - www.ch.ic.ac.uk/GIC/
• The World Lecture Hall - www.utexas.edu/world/lecture/
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Digital collections (images, audio,
video)
• A Multimedia web site include information in the form of text,
images, some may have sounds and movies.
• Most of them require plug-ins to access the site.
Examples
•NASA's Multimedia Gallery www.nasa.gov/hqpao/library.html/
•The Nine Planets - A Multimedia Tour of the Solar System seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/nineplanets.html
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Directories
• Include a comprehensive list of addresses of suppliers/buyers in case
of business directories, list of Institutions with their addresses
• Arranged alphabetically or follow a classified listing
• Allow to browse through them as well as searchable
• Most of them are available free on Internet and of help in establishing
contacts either for business or for research purposes
Example
• 123Trade: Indian Trade Directory www.123india.com/123trade/
• BRAINTRACK - www.braintrack.com/
• DARE - www.unesco.org/general/eng/infoserv/db/dare.html
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Discussion Forums/ Listservs
• Also called as mailing lists, discussion lists and listservs aim to
provide current awareness in a specific field of interest E-mail is used
to set up informal discussion forum among members of specific
interest over a network
• Forum software (Listserv) maintains a list of e-mail addresses of all
subscribers
• Most of the forums archive the messages and allow searching and
extraction of earlier messages
• Messages posted on the forum are automatically distributed among members
Examples : A List of many listservs worldwide mailserv.cc.kuleuven.ac.be/intgroups/globlist.html
Chemical mailing lists - bionmr1.rug.ac.be/chemistry/overview.html
Listserv guides: listserv indexfile - tile.net/lists/
Diane kovac's list of scholoarly electronic Conferences - n2h2.com/KOVACS/
Liszt : Directory of e-mail discussion groups - www.liszt.com/
The SOSIG mailing list - www.mailbase.ac.uk/lists/sosig/
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Communication Skills
Electronic journals - Table of contents, Full
text
• Table of Contents (TOC) as well as fulltext of Journals are now web accessible
• Publishers of many science journals provide content pages of their journals, free of
cost.
• Some are electronic versions of print journals
• Some are electronic versions only - published and accessed on networks
• Some are accessible free on Internet
• Some are accessible free on Internet due to print subscription by the organization
• Publication is faster, economical too, offering quicker access to desired articles
• Licensing and authorization restrictions need to be taken into consideration
Examples
• Ejournal SiteGuide : A MetaSource - www.library.ubc.ca/ejour/
• Electronic Journals Information Service (EJIS) www.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/ncsi/internet/type/ejrnl/ejrnl.html
• ESTOC, the Elsevier Science Tables of Contents service ww1.elsevier.nl/homepage/browse.htt
• LINK Alert--Springer-Verlag Free TOC & Abstracts - link.springer.de/ol/index.htm
• Science Direct - www.sciencedirect.com
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Employment/ Career Sources
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A service designed for both job seekers and recruiters
Connects you to jobs and companies that wants you
Maintain a database of resumes and job listing which can be posted
as well as searched
Facilitate in accepting resumes from any part of the world to be
posted on the Web, freely
Current trend is for the job seekers to represent themselves on the
Web to remain competitive in the emerging employment marketplace.
Examples
Ajob4scientists.com - www.ajob4scientists.com/
IT Careers Web Magazine for Indian Professionals - www.winjobs.com/
scijobs.org - www.scijobs.org/
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FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
• A unique and interesting way of organizing information on a given
topic
• The site as the name suggests is structured in the form of questions
as well as answers on a specific topic.
• Fundamental concepts on an specific field of study get represented
better through FAQ
• Saves the time of the user in getting the right information since the
purpose and scope of the site is quite explicit
Examples
• FAQ of fuzzy logic and fuzzy expert systems www.cs.cmu.edu/Groups/AI/html/faqs/ai/fuzzy/part1/faq.html
• Math FAQ - daisy.uwaterloo.ca/~alopez-o/math-faq/node1.html
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Funding/ Grants Sources
• Provide information about funding options available for scientists to
pursue their research and training, from non-profit institutions and
Government agencies
• Is of immense help to students pursuing higher studies to obtain
scholarships or to apply for financial aid in the institutions of
their study Include a directory of funding programs with contact
information
Examples
• Funding opportunities for training in biological and medical sciences www.grantsnet.org/
• Grant Resources on the Web - www.ala.org/acrl/resjuly99.html
• 101 Top College, University and Scholarship Pages (American
Educational Guidance Center) www.college-scholarships.com/100college.htm
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Libraries/ Information Centres
Libraries having realised the importance of Internet to provide better
services to users, have made their presence on the Web
• Information sources on Internet are becoming an essential ingredient in
the collection development of the library
• Library websites facilitate quick and complete access to the collection
as well as services of the library
• Act as Internet gateway by providing links to important sites of
relevance to users
Examples:
• Academic Libraries worldwide dir.yahoo.com/Reference/Libraries/Academic_Libraries/
• Libweb's Libraries Servers via WWW - sunsite.berkeley.edu/Libweb
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Communication Skills
Library Catalogues (including union
catalogues)
Most of the library catalogues are now web accessible
• Useful for identifying books available in other libraries, selecting
books for local acquisition, bibliographic verification as well as
searching the holdings of periodicals of other libraries.
• Holdings can be searchable by Author,Title, Subject or Keywords
• Helps in building up resource sharing among the libraries
• Access is free, may require 'guest' login, and mode of access are
through telnet, Gopher, catalogue of very large libraries are
web accessible
Examples
• Hytelnet - sundog.usask.ca/
• Library of Congress (LOCIS) - lcweb.loc.gov
• webCATS: Web accessible Library Catalogues www.lights.com/webcats/
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Maps
• A virtual atlas includes maps of the world as well as images of
planetary objects
• Allows for search, display or downloading images
• Useful to scientists working in remote sensing, geological as well as
space applications
Examples
• Microsoft's Terraserver : Presenting the earth in a mosaic of
photographic imagery - terraserver.microsoft.com
• Planetary Image Atlas www- pdsimage.jpl.nasa.gov/PDS/public/Atlas/Atlas.html
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Communication Skills
Museum and Archives
• Users can virtually visit to see the online collection of exhibits from
their desktop
• Saves a lot of time, making it possible for everyone to visit the
museum, thus bridging the distance
• Open to all irrespective of geographic location
Examples
• Life Sciences Data Archive (LSDA) - Space Flight experiments lsda.jsc.nasa.gov/
• The Virtual Museum of Computing (VMoC) www.comlab.ox.ac.uk/archive/other/museums/
computing.html#museums
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Communication Skills
Organisations/ Research Institutes/
Companies/ Societies
• Provide information about the scope and function of the organization
• Also include details of products and services offered to the users and
developmental activity related to the purpose of the institution
• Publish newletters and magazines which are made web accessible to
promote their services and products
Examples
• American Chemical Society - www.acs.org
• Corporate Sites - www.p-c-net.net/~hawki/business.htm
• FAO : www.fao.org
• Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) - www.isro.org/
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers - www.ieee.org/
• International Organizations - www.uia.org/website.htm
• National Informatics Centre - www.nic.in
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Communication Skills
Patents
• Patents are the most authentic source of information on scientific and
technological developments
• A patent for an invention is the grant of a property right to the inventor,
issued by the Patent and Trademark Office - the right to exclude others
from making, using, offering for sale, or selling their invention
• Include useful information on patent laws and filing procedures of
various Patent Offices located worldwide
• The database can be searched through patent numbers, keywords,
author...and contain abstracts or full-text of the patents
Examples
• Direct patent Ltd - E-mail and Fax delivery of International patents www.direct-patent.nl/
• Guide to Patents and Patent information - www.europeanpatent-office.org/epo/online/index.htm
• US Patents Fulltext - www.uspto.gov/patft/
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People/Experts/ Scientist
Directories
• Include profiles of leading personalities/subject experts in specific
fields
• Provide details regarding their areas of expertise, affiliation, contact
information, other research interests etc
• Very useful to identify people working in the related areas to exchange
information and know-how
Examples
• AgNIC : Agricultural Network Information Center - www.agnic.org
• Profiles in Science - Biomedical Stars profiled www.profiles.nlm.nih.gov
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Communication Skills
Preprints
• Preprints were the earliest among the information resources to be made
accessible over the Internet
• Provide a means for rapid and efficient preprint distribution among
scientists
• It allows investigators to submit and retrieve electronic copies of
preprints via Internet.
• Access for retrieval and listing of papers in the database is possible
through www servers, anonymous ftp, or E-mail.
Examples
• AMS Preprint Server for Mathematics (AMPPS) www.ams.org/preprints/
• Chemical Physics Preprint Database www.chem.brown.edu/chem-ph.html
• The European Singularities Network : Preprints Archive www.mi.aau.dk/~esn/
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Product Catalogues
• A catalogue listing products alongwith the complete specifications of
the same and is searchable
• Helpful for corporates in identifying the recent products available in
the market in order to purchase them
• Reviews of the product from users are also included
Examples
• DesignInfo.com - www.DesignInfo.com/
• System Optimization Information - www.sysopt.com/
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Communication Skills
Reference Sources (dictionaries, encyclopedias,
biographies, abbreviations, thesauri, handbooks)
• Many of the printed reference tools are now web accessible, free of cost
• Very handy in getting quick information on any topic covered in the
reference sources
• Collection of references can be easily searchable and browsable
Examples
• Address Directory For The Politicians Of The World www.trytel.com/~aberdeen/
• Britannica Online - www.britannica.com
• Encyberpedia - Encyclopedia on the Net www.encyberpedia.com/eindex.htm
• NCSI Reference Desk: Dictionaries, Encyclopedia..www.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/ncsi/internet/type/refrence.html
• OneLook Dictionaries: The Fastest Finder - www.onelook.com
• The Basics of Design Engineering www.penton.com/md/bde/index.html
• Universal Currency Converter - www.xe.net/currency/
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Communication Skills
Research Projects (current)
• Include a list of research projects currently underway in specified field
with a brief description of the projects including details of the
investigators and place of investigation
Examples
• Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Projects -
orgwis.gmd.de/explora/pages.html
• Science experiments in Physics, Mathematics, Nonlinear Sciences, and
Computer Science - xxx.lanl.gov/
• Signal Processing Information Base (SPIB) spib.rice.edu:80/spib.html
• Social Science Research Resources socsci.colorado.edu/POLSCI/RES/research.html
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Communication Skills
Science News/ Research
Communications
• Top stories in Science and other fields are now on Internet
• Users can set up profiles on the topic of interest in which they will be
alerted by e-mail
• Archived news can also be searchable
• Printed dailies are also on the net
Examples
• Scoop! Personalised News Service - www.scoopdirect.com
• The Ultimate News Links Page - pppp.net/links/news/
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Communication Skills
Scientific Data Sets (numeric,
property, structural databases)
• These databases contain factual data like numeric, property and
structural information on the topic indexed
• The data collections are critically assessed by individual experts or
group of experts, hence are an authentic source of information for
researchers
Examples
• Aladdin Database Server - www-amdis.iaea.org/
• Data Analysis in the Social Sciences - uts.cc.utexas.edu/~fackler/data.html
• LIGAND Chemical Database for Enzyme Reactions www.genome.ad.jp/dbget/ligand.html
• The Nuclear Explosions Database -
www.agso.gov.au/information/structure/isd/database/nukexp_query.html
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Communication Skills
Specialised Search Engines
•These pages have their own specialised search engine to search their
unique collection, as well as related resources on the Web
•Saves user's time considerably since the searching is faster, unlike the
major search engine
Examples
• Electronics Research and Development www.dur.ac.uk/~des0sj/elec_res.html
• Engineering E-Journal Search Engine (EESE) - www.eevl.ac.uk/eese/
• Netpart - Company Site locator www.netpart.com/resource/search.html
• Social Work Search - www.socialworksearch.com
• World Trade Locator - www.intl-tradenet.com/locator.htm
• WWWomen Search Directory - www.wwwomen.com/
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Communication Skills
Software
• A software library directory listing software related to browsers,
commercial demos, development tools, graphics and multimedia,
various utilities and tools etc.
• Most of the softwares are free, few can be downloadable and used
during free trial period
• A very useful site for programmers, system managers and engineers
Examples
• Flight simulator - wings.ark.com/
• zdnet - www.zdnet.com/zdi/software
• shareware.com - www.shareware.com
• Chemistry Software Exchange nhse.npac.syr.edu:8015/rib/repositories/csir/catalog/index.html
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Communication Skills
Standards
• Standards from various international organizations like ANSI,
ISO,IEEE, NIST are on Internet
• A brief description of the standard with abstracts are listed
• Some of them are accessible free, some require subscription or pay-pertransaction basis
• Also provide information on national, regional and international
standardization activities and services
• Very useful site for manufacturers, research organizations and
government bodies
Examples
• British Standards Institution (BSI) - www.bsi.org.uk/
• EI Web Standards - www.ei.org/
• International Standards -scilib.ucsd.edu/subjectdir/standards.html
• World Standards Services Network - www.wssn.net/WSSN/index.html
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Communication Skills
Technical Reports
• Technical reports include serious research work which are made
available only from the departments/laboratories of research
institutions are now being accessible over the Web
• Important source of reporting information relating to scientific and
technical advancement, generally do not get published in journals or
conference proceedings
Examples
• NCSTRL--Networked Computer Science Technical Reports Library www.ncstrl.org/
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Communication Skills
Virtual libraries/Subject gateways
• Very comprehensive source providing pointers to Internet resources in
all subjects - indeed a subject gateway
• Internet resources classified under different resource types are listed
under different subject categories and are browsable
• A best place to start for identifying resources
Examples
Argus Clearing House - www.clearinghouse.net/
• BUBL LINK - bubl.ac.uk/link/index.html
• Business & Technology - www.brint.com/Business.htm
• EINet Galaxy - galaxy.einet.net/
• Business Information and Resources www.acm.uiuc.edu/sigbiz/business.html
• International Business Resources on the WWW ciber.bus.msu.edu/busres.htm
• Social Science Information Gateway - www.sosig.ac.uk/
• World Business Network - www.wbn.org/
• WWW Virtual Library - www.vlib.org/
• Yahoo - www.yahoo.com/
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Meta Sources in specific areas
• AGRICOLA Web Gateway--NAL - www.nal.usda.gov/ag98/
• Artificial Intelligence Subject Index - ai.iit.nrc.ca/subjects/ai_subjects.html
• Chemdex - www.shef.ac.uk/~chem/chemdex/
• Chemistry Resources - www.inform.umd.edu/UMS+State/UMDProjects/MCTP/Technology/Chemistry.html
• Edinburgh Engineering Virtual Library - www.eevl.ac.uk
• FAO Library's - www.fao.org/library/bookmk2.htm
• Information Retrieval in Chemistry-WWW Server macedonia.nrcps.ariadne-t.gr
• Multimedia Heaven - www.webmarket.ch/mmheaven/tools/
• Ndb Biomolecular Research www.links2go.com/link/http:/www.embl-ebi.ac.uk/
• NOVAGate : Nordic Gateway to Information in Forestry, Veterinary,
and Agricultural Sciences - novagate.nova-university.org/
• Telecom - china.si.umich.edu/telecom/telecom-info.html
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Keeping up-to-date with the latest
Internet resources
BUBL LINK Updates - bubl.ac.uk/link/updates/current.html
Ebig - www.ebig.com/
EEVL - www.eevl.ac.uk/
Freepint - www.freepint.co.uk/
Infomine - lib-www.ucr.edu/search/ucr_pslsearch.html
Internet magazine - www.emap.com/internet/
Internet resources newsletter - www.hw.ac.uk/libWWW/irn/irn.html
Produced monthly by Heriot-Watt University in Scotland.
Japan's Nikkei Net - satellite.nikkei.co.jp/enews/BB/hitlist/index.html
Keeping Current with the Internet - sunsite.berkeley.edu/InternetIndex/newsites.html
Netsurfer Digest - www.netsurf.com/nsd/
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Keeping up-to-date with the latest
Internet resources
• Refdesk - www.refdesk.com
• Scicentral - www.scicentral.com
• Scout report - Business and Economics, Science & Engg and Social Sciences
scout.cs.wisc.edu/scout/report/
• Subject-wise Internet Resource Guides:Clearing House www.clearinghouse.net/
• The Science Net Links www.sciencenetlinks.com/science/rev_search.shtml
• TIPTOP Physics - physicsweb.org/TIPTOP/
• Webmagazine online - www.webmagazine.com/
• What's new on Yahoo - www.yahoo.com/new/
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