Transcript Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUPUI Me 414 Thermal

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING, IUPUI
ME 414 THERMAL-FLUID DESIGN
FALL 2007
Irrigation Design and
Heat Exchanger Design
Neil Barnes
Thomas Hylton
Lalit Kumar
Manan Langalia
Matt Zwiesler
Objective
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Design an efficient irrigation
system for a given yard
Calculate and minimize utility
and all other costs
Minimize wasted water
Calculate time to deliver one inch
of water to the entire yard
Choosing a Sprinkler Head
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Chosen based on size, type of spray, and cost
Need to spray in a generally uniformed and
controlled area
Spray, over-spray, and wasted water needs to be
taken into account
Head Placement in Yard
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35’ radius heads were impact/ratchet heads
Poor design because low overlap and high cost sprinkler
heads
Based on the tutorial ratchet along with spray heads is not
recommended
Head Placement in Yard
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Design using 24’, 18’, and rectangular heads
Ruled out because of the pricing difference
Price difference between this and chosen design:
$450.00
Head Placement in Yard
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Chosen to reduce costs
Only two different sprinkler heads (rectangular and
18’ head)
Square Head Decision
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Chosen as a result of less wasted water
Square spray heads would spray with uniform
coverage and would not need to overlap
8 heads spaced uniformly in rectangular strip of
yard
Toro 570 4x30’ Center Strip Nozzle
Piping Layout
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Reduce materials, bends, and joints
Sprinkler heads in each row in series and each row
is in parallel
Parallel allows equal pressure loss in each branch
of pipe with constant flow rate
Series allows equal flow rates in each branch, but
pressure changes in each branch
Parallel allows for easy cleaning if blockages occur
Bill of Materials
Part
4" Sprayer - 1804P
Rainbird (18')
Rainbird Nozzle
Individual Cost
Quantity
Total Cost
$2.50
52
$130.00
$1.20
52
$62.40
Toro 4x30 Nozzle
(rectangular center
strip)
$1.10
8
$8.80
Toro Sprayer for 4x30
Nozzle
$1.99
8
$15.92
Wilkins Backflow
Preventer
$61.80
1
$61.80
Rainbird DV Series Valve
$13.97
4
$55.88
$84.95
$0.94/10 ft
$0.23
$0.23
1
1500 ft
12
68
Total
$84.95
$141.00
$2.76
$15.64
$579.15
ESP Indoor Controller
PVC (pressure pipe)
PVC elbow
PVC Tees
Comparison
Rainbird Rotor Sprinkler
(24')
Individual Cost
$18.35
Quantity
Total Cost
35
$642.25
AFT 1st Iteration (No zones)
• High flow
rates
• Not
enough
pressure
AFT 2nd Iteration (2 zones)
AFT 3rd Iteration (4 zones)
ZONE 1 of 4
Final Results
PROJECT 2
Heat Exchanger
Design
Design Requirements
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Remove 1.2 MW of heat from process water
Process water
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City water
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Inlet temperature 90 ◦C
Exit temperature 40 ◦C
Inlet temperature during summer is 25 C
Minimize tube side and shell side pressure drops
Minimize cost due to weight and material used
Minimize the heat exchanger volume
Design Process
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DOE analysis with Matlab and Minitab
 Initial
DOE
 Eliminate
insignificant factors-down to 12 variables
 Learn effects of change in variables
 Final
DOE
 Four
most significant variables chosen based on effect seen
in main effects plots
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Optimization
 Four
variables analyzed
 Design goals met with optimal values
DOE process
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Run 2 sets of 6 initially
All variables related to
effects on output variables:
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Weight of HE
Shell-Side DP
Tube-Side DP
Q, heat transfer
List of final four variables:
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Tube OD
Baffle Space
Tube Length
Shell ID
Main Effects Plots
DP Tube Plot
Q Calculated Plot
Main Effects Plots
DP Shell Plot
Weight Plot
Optimization
Pareto charts of Q and Weight
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Minitab statistically
equates effects of
variables and
interactions
Used to confirm main
effects plots
Optimization Plots
Initial optimization with custom tube
od required
Final optimization with standard
tube od
Results
Critical Variables
Value
Critical System
Characteristics
Value
Baffle Space
0.50 m
Heat Transfer Rate
1.2e6 W
Shell Inner
Diameter
0.3048
12”
Overall System
Weight
381.69 kg
Tube Outer
Diameter
0.0111 m
7/16”
Tube-side Pressure
Drop
438.955 Pa
Tube Length
4.545 m
Shell-Side Pressure
Drop
3623.99 Pa
Summary
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Success
Met 1.2 MW requirement
Weight minimized
DP shell-side and tube-side minimized
Questions?
?