Transcript 幻灯片 1 - 天府学院教学资源中心

Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
English Song —
The Times They Are A-Changin’
Comedy
Detailed Reading
Fast-food Restaurant
High School
Warm-up Questions
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Unit 33 The
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Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
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The Times They Are A-changin’
Bob Dylan
Detailed Reading
The Times They Are A-Changin’
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
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Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Bob Dylan
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
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Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
Bob Dylan
Bob Dylan, born on May 24,1941 in Duluth, Minnesota
in the USA, is widely regarded as perhaps America’s
greatest popular songwriter
born in the twentieth century.
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Much of his best work is from the 1960s when his musical
shadow was so large that he took on political influence.
The civil rights movement had no more moving anthem
than his song Blowin’ in the Wind. Millions of young people
embraced his song The Times They Are A-Changin’ during
that era of extreme change. The radical political group The
Weathermen named themselves after a lyric in Dylan’s song
Subterranean Homesick Blues (“You don’t need a
weatherman to know which way the wind blows”).
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
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Unit
Unit 33 The
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Comedy
Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the
missing words.
Comedy, _______________
major
a universal
form of expression and a _____
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dramatic genre (类型) that is intended to amuse. Comedy
is associated with ________________
humorous behavior , wordplay,
pleasurable ______
feeling , release of tension, and _______
laughter .
Imbued with a playful spirit, comic entertainment
exposes incongruous (不协调) or ridiculous
frequently _______
aspects of ____________
human nature . It generally follows a _____
fixed
leads to a sense of
pattern of theatrical surprises that ______
_______
delight in the viewer. Of all dramatic genres, comedy is
widely performed.
the most ______
Unit
Unit 33 The
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Gap
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After Reading
Fast-food restaurant
A fast-food restaurant is a restaurant
characterized by food which is supplied
quickly after orderingDetailed
(andReading
which may or may
not be consumed quickly as well), and by
minimal service. The food in these
restaurants is commonly cooked in advance
and kept hot, or reheated to order. Many
fast-food restaurants are part of restaurant
chains or franchise (特许经营权) operations,
which provide standardized foodstuffs to the
individual restaurants, shipped from central
locations.
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
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After Reading
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Because of its convenience, fast food (also known as
take-away food or take-out food) is very popular in many
modern societies, Detailed
but Reading
is often criticized of poor
nutritional value (often contributing to obesity (肥胖),
called junk food), advertising (especially directed at
children), and other issues.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
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Detailed Reading
After Reading
High School
Introduction Detailed Reading
High School In United States
High School In Canada
High School In Australia
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
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Global Reading
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Introduction
High school, or secondary school, is the
last segment of compulsory education in the
DetailedChina,
Reading
United States, Canada,
Korea and
Japan. It provides a secondary education.
Secondary education is a period of
education which follows directly after
primary education. The purpose of a
secondary education can be to prepare for
either higher education or vocational
training. It is referred to by various
different names in different countries,
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
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Gap
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including high school in the United States and Australia,
or middle school in the Netherlands. It occurs mainly
during the teenage years. The exact boundary between
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primary and secondary education varies from country to
country, but is generally around the seventh to the ninth
year of education.
Unit
Unit 33 The
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High School In United States
In the United States, high school generally consists of
grades 9, 10, 11 and 12, though this may vary slightly by
school district. In some
areas, high school starts with
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tenth grade; a few American high schools still cover
grades 7 through 12. American students are allowed to
leave high school at age 16-18, depending on the state, or
when they graduate or go on to college or other
education. This school-leaving age is usually in grade 10
or 11 if the standard curriculum has been followed
throughout life, without skipping grades or being held
back. Thus, the last two years of high school are not
compulsory , but most students complete high school
Unit
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and receive a diploma. A high school diploma or G.E.D. is
generally required for entrance into a college or
university, but many colleges accept a small number of
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students after eleventh
grade.
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Unit 33 The
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High School In Canada
Secondary schooling in Canada differs depending on
what province one Detailed
livesReading
in. Normally it follows the
American pattern, however in Quebec, for instance, high
school lasts five years and is started earlier and finished
at a younger age than elsewhere in Canada. In Quebec
most students follow high school by attending a CEGEP
(College of General and Vocational Education), which is
comparable to a junior college, and which is obligatory
for Quebec students wishing to go on to university in
Quebec.
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Unit 33 The
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Before Reading
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After Reading
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High School In Australia
High school is the former name for secondary schools
in Australia. The name was officially changed to
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secondary college in the early 1990s, but to the majority
of the adult Australian population they are still “high
schools”. The exact length of secondary school varies
from state to state, but the majority teach Year 7-12. It is
compulsory to attend school until the age of fifteen, but
most students remain at school to complete their studies
and go on to college or university.
Unit
Unit 33 The
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Gap
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Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
Warm-up Questions
1. Is there a generation gap between you and your
parents?
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2. What will you do if you have different opinions with
your parents?
3. What are the major components of a play?
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settings
characters
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stage directions
theme
play
language
climax
Click the Pictures!
conflicts
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Part Division of the Text
Further Understanding
Supplementary Reading
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Further Understanding
For Part 1
For Part 2
True or False
Group Discussion
For Part 3
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
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Part Division of the Text
Parts
Para(s).
Main Ideas
1
1~35
In a fast-food restaurant, Father
embarrassed Sean by talking too
proudly to the restaurant
manager.
2
36~108
In the Thompson family dinning
room, Father embarrassed Diane
by persuading a work-mate into
pressing his son to ask her to the
senior prom.
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Parts
3
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Para(s).
109~210
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After Reading
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Main Ideas
In an office at Heidi’s high school,
Father embarrassed Heidi by
boasting to an official about how
bright she was.
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For Part 1
1. Group Presentation
Students work in pairs. One student tries to
describe Heidi’s attitudes toward her father
according to her speech at the very beginning of
the play. Then the other student makes a speech to
class.
2. Role Play
Three students stay in a group, and play Manager,
Father, and Sean respectively according to what
had happened in this part.
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True or False
1. Diane disliked Kyle and did not want to go to the
( F )
senior prom with him.
Diane liked Kyle and wanted to go to the senior
prom with him.
2. Mother thought the children should respect their
father.
( T )
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3. Dan Lucas invited Father to have lunch at the French
restaurant on Third Road. ( F )
Father invited Dan Lucas to have lunch at the French
restaurant on Third Road.
4. Dan Lucas promised to ask his son to make a phone call
to Diane because Father told him Diane was interested
in his son.
( T )
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5. As an honor student, Diane was pleased with the result.
( F )
As an honor student, Diane was humiliated with the
result.
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Group Discussion
Three to four students stay in a group, and discuss the
characteristics of Father, Mother and the children.
Father:
Father showed great respect for Mother. He pulled the
chair for her before dinner, and obeyed her commands
like ‘do go on’, ‘do get on with it’, ‘don’t keep us in
suspense’. Besides, although Father was pleased with
what he had done for Diane, he had learned from
experience that his efforts were not always welcome.
That was why he could quickly realize his blunder, as
made clear by the sentence ‘I do? Yes, yes, I guess I do.
I’ve … done it again, haven’t I?’
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Unit 33 The
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Mother:
Mother used quite a number of do’s and don’ts,
please’s, dear’s, and sweetheart’s in her speech. She
was the real head of the Thompson household, giving
out commands to her children as well as her husband.
Moreover, most times her orders were respected. On
the other hand, knowing her children’s attitude
towards Father’s meddling, she tried to maintain the
peace, as in the instances when she maintained
Father’s dignity by telling the children “Don’t
interrupt”, “Don’t distract your father”, and “give
your father the respect he deserves”, or when she
tried to divert the conversation by talking about her
dessert.
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Children:
The Thompson children respected Mother, as shown by
their frequent “Yes, Mother” and “Sorry, Mom”. On the
other hand, they were used to Father’s meddling with
their affairs. When Sean and Heidi found out that this
time the bad luck had befallen Diane, they could
afford to stand back and poke a few bemused
comments. Diane’s feelings were entirely different,
though. She was put on guard when Father told her “I
have a surprise for you.” Then she was embarrassed as
Father mentioned her feelings toward young Kyle.
Later as Father went on delaying telling the truth, she
became hysterical. Finally, when she learned the truth,
she lost her temper.
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Unit 33 The
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For Part 3
1. Group Discussion
Students form groups of three to four, and find out what
Father said in the office. Then find out the response of
Heidi and Mrs. Higgins. Discuss why they seemed to have
different topics and what they thought during the
interview.
2. Role Play
Students form groups of three and act as Mrs. Higgins,
Father, and Heidi according to what had happened in this
part.
Unit
Unit 33 The
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In the office Father boasted to Mrs. Higgins how bright
Heidi was. He listed several examples. He kept on talking
even though Mrs. Higgins was not interested in the topic.
He showed a typical example of a proud father.
Mrs. Higgins wanted to get down to business and
finished the interview. So her topics focused on the
enrolment of a new student. As she was frequently
interrupted by Father, she got impatient and a little
annoyed. But she tried to be polite and not to hurt the
feelings of a proud father.
Heidi was embarrassed when her father boasted to
Mrs. Higgins. She tried to stop her father, but her father
ignored her. She couldn’t understand her father’s pride.
Unit
Unit 33 The
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FATHER KNOWS BETTER
Marsh Cassady
CHARACTERS: FATHER; MOTHER; HEIDI, 14; DIANE, 17; SEAN,
16; RESTAURANT MANAGER, 20s; MRS. HIGGINS.
SETTING: Various locations including a fast-food restaurant,
the Thompson family dining room, and an office at
a high school.
AT RISE: As the lights come up, HEIDI enters and crosses
Down Right to the edge of the stage. SEAN and
DIANE enter and cross Down Left to the edge of the
stage. They listen as HEIDI addresses the audience.
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HEIDI: My dad’s a nice man. Nobody
could possibly believe that he
isn’t. Yet he’s ... well, he’s
always doing these stupid
things that end up really
embarrassing one or more of us kids. One time,
see, my brother wanted to buy this guitar. Been
saving money for it for a long time. Then he got
a job at this fast-food place, OK? Waiting tables.
It was Sean’s first actual job, and he was real
happy about it.
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Unit 33 The
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HEIDI: He figured in two or three months he’d have
enough money to buy exactly the kind of guitar
he wanted. Mom and Dad were proud of him,
and well, OK, he’s my big brother, and he’s
always pulling these dumb things on me. But,
well, I was proud of him too. You know what
happened? I hate to tell you because:
SEAN, DIANE and HEIDI: (In unison) Father knows better!
(The lights come Up Left on the fast-food
restaurant where SEAN works. It consists of a
counter and a couple of small tables. The
MANAGER stands behind the counter. SEAN is
busily cleaning the tables when FATHER walks in.)
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MANAGER: Good evening, sir. May I
help you?
FATHER: Good evening.
SEAN: (To himself) Oh, no! (He
squats behind one of the
tables trying to hide from
FATHER.)
FATHER: I’m looking for the manager.
MANAGER: That would be me, sir.
FATHER: I’m Sam Thompson. My son works here.
MANAGER: Oh, you’re Sean’s father.
FATHER: Yes. It’s his first job, you know. I just wanted to
check that he’s doing OK.
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MANAGER: Oh, fine. No problem.
SEAN: (Spreading his hands, palms up, speaking to
himself) What did I do to deserve this? Tell me
what?
FATHER: Hiring him was a good thing then?
MANAGER: Well, yeah, I suppose so.
SEAN: (Still to himself) Go home, Dad. Go home. Go
home.
FATHER:
I’m sure he’s a good worker but a typical
teenager, if you know what I mean.
MANAGER: (Losing interest) I wouldn’t know.
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FATHER: He’s a good boy.
And I assure you that if
there are any subjects that need to be
addressed, Sean and I will have a man-to-man
talk.
MANAGER: I don’t think that will be necessary…
FATHER: Oh, no problem. I’m proud of my son. Very,
very proud. And I just wanted you to know that
I’ll do anything I can to help him through life’s
dangerous sea.
SEAN: (Standing up and screaming) Aaaargh! Aaaargh!
Aaaaaaargh!
FATHER: Son, I didn’t know you were here.
SEAN: It’s where I work, Dad.
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FATHER: Of course. I mean, I didn’t see you.
SEAN: I can’t imagine why.
FATHER: Your manager and I were just having a nice
chat. (DIANE enters Down Left just as HEIDI
enters Down Right. They look at SEAN and
FATHER.)
SEAN, DIANE, HEIDI: (In unison) Father, you know
better than that. (The lights quickly fade to
black and then come up a second or two later.
SEAN stands alone at the Down Right edge of
the stage. HEIDI and DIANE cross to Down Left
edge of the stage.)
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SEAN:
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If that sort of thing happened only once in
a while, it wouldn’t be so bad. Overall, I
wouldn’t want to trade my dad for anyone
else’s. He loves us kids and Mom too. But I
think that’s sometimes the problem. He
wants to do things for us, things he thinks
are good. But he needs to give them more
thought because:
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SEAN, HEIDI and DIANE: (In unison) Father knows better!
(The lights fade to black and come up on the
Center Stage area where FATHER and the three
children are seated around the dining room
table. MOTHER enters carrying a dish, which she
sets on the table. FATHER quickly rises and pulls
out her chair. She sits. The family starts eatin
dinner.)
FATHER: I have a surprise for you, Diane.
DIANE: (Knows it can’t be good.) You have ... a surprise?
MOTHER: Well, whatever it is, dear, don’t keep us in
suspense.
FATHER: Well, you know, Dan Lucas and I work together?
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DIANE: Kyle’s father?
MOTHER: Don’t interrupt, dear, your
father is trying to tell you
something.
HEIDI: (Stage whisper to SEAN)
Something Diane won’t want
to know, I’ll bet.
SEAN: (Whispering to HEIDI) Whatever would make you
think that?
MOTHER: Sean, dear. Heidi, sweetheart, don’t distract
your father.
SEAN and HEIDI: (Simultaneously) Sorry, Mom.
FATHER: Now then. As I was saying, I know how much
you like young Kyle.
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Unit 33 The
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DIANE: Father!
FATHER: It’s true, isn’t it? Didn’t I hear you tell your
mother that you wish Kyle would ask you to the
senior prom?
SEAN: Uh-oh!
HEIDI: Oops!
MOTHER: Please, children, please. Your father is trying to
speak.
DIANE: (
Through clenched teeth, the words are in a
monotone and evenly spaced.) Yes-I-said-thatwhy-are-you-asking?
FATHER: Well then.
DIANE: (Becoming hysterical ) “Well then” what?!
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Unit 33 The
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FATHER: What did I say? Did I say something wrong?
HEIDI: (To SEAN) Not yet, he didn’t.
SEAN: (To HEIDI) But you know it’s coming.
MOTHER: Children, please. Do give your father the
respect he deserves.
HEIDI and SEAN: (Rolling their eyes) Yes, Mother.
FATHER: Well, today I saw Dan and asked if he’d like to
go to lunch at that French restaurant on Third
Street. You know the one, Mother.
MOTHER: Well, yes, I believe I do.
FATHER: My treat, I told him. And, of course, he was glad
to accept.
MOTHER: Why wouldn’t he be?
FATHER: (Somewhat surprised) Well, yes.
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DIANE: What-has-this-to-do-with me?!
MOTHER: Diane, sometimes I just don’t understand your
behavior. I try my best.
DIANE: (Very short with her) I’m sorry.
MOTHER: Thank you, Diane. (To FATHER) Please do go
on, dear.
FATHER: As I said —
HEIDI: We know what you said, Daddy.
FATHER: Er ... uh, what’s that?
SEAN: She said, “We know what you said, Daddy.”
FATHER: Yes, yes, of course.
MOTHER: Do get on with it, dear. I’ve made the most
glorious dessert. An old recipe handed down to
me by my great Aunt Hilda —
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DIANE: Mother, please!
MOTHER: Yes, dear? (DIANE shakes her head and lets
her body fall against the back of the chair.)
FATHER: At any rate, Dan’s a nice guy. Never knew him
well. Found we have a lot of the same interests.
Our families, our community, global peace,
human welfare.
HEIDI: (Mumbling to herself) That narrows it down, all
right.
SEAN: Father?
FATHER: Yes, son?
SEAN: I do believe Diane would like to know the
surprise.
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DIANE: (Breathing hard as if exhausted, she turns to
SEAN, nodding her head up and down
repeatedly.) Thank you, Sean. I owe you one.
FATHER: Well, yes. Here it is then. I told Dan of your
interest in his son.
DIANE: You what?
MOTHER: Diane, what has come over you? I just don’t
understand the younger generation.
Why
back in my day —
DIANE: Mother, please!
MOTHER: What, what? What?
HEIDI: Mother, I believe she wants Father to continue.
SEAN: (To himself)
Get this over with, more likely.
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DIANE: Daddy, please, tell me. Now. Right away. What
did you say, Daddy? Please. Tell me, what did
you tell Mr. Lucas? Tell me, please. Please, tell
me.
FATHER: Well, now, isn’t this nice. It looks like my little
scheme is a success. You’re so eager to find
out ... makes a man feel as if it’s all worthwhile.
HEIDI: (To SEAN) Can you believe this?
SEAN: (To HEIDI) Oh, sure. Can’t you?
FATHER: Yes, well, I told him how much you liked young
Kyle, and how you’d been wishing he’d ask you
to the prom.
DIANE: You didn’t! Tell me you didn’t!
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FATHER: Oh, yes. Anything for my children.
DIANE: (Swallowing hard) And ... and —
MOTHER: Diane, are you all right?
DIANE: (She juts out her chin at MOTHER and quickly
jerks her head around to face FATHER.) Well ...
what did he say?!
FATHER: Well, of course, being the sort of man he is —
frank, understanding, he said he’d speak to the
young man, insist he give you a call.
DIANE: (Angry scream!) Whaaaaaat!
SEAN and HEIDI: (Together) Father, you know better
than that.
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FATHER: I do? Yes, yes, I guess I do. I’ve ... done it
again, haven’t I? (The lights quickly fade
to black and then come up a second or two
later. DIANE stands alone at the Down
Right edge of the stage. HEIDI and SEAN
enter Down Left and cross to the edge of
the stage.)
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DIANE: Can you imagine how humiliated I was? An
honor student, class president. And Father
was out asking people to have their sons call
and ask me to the prom! But that’s dear old
dad. Actually, he is a dear. He just doesn’t
stop to think.
And it’s not just one of us
who’ve felt the heavy hand of interference.
Oh, no, all three of us live in constant dread
knowing that at any time disaster can strike
because:
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DIANE, HEIDI and SEAN: (Shouting in unison) Father
knows better. (The lights fade to black and
quickly come up again Stage Left where there
is an executive-type desk and chair and two
other chairs. Behind the desk sits MRS.
HIGGINS, in charge of admitting new students
to Benjamin Harrison High School. HEIDI and
FATHER sit in the other chairs.)
MRS. HIGGINS: So this is our new
student, is it?
FATHER: That’s right.
MRS. HIGGINS: What’s your name,
young lady?
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HEIDI: HEIDI Thompson.
MRS. HIGGINS: I’m sure you’ll find the students
friendly. And the teachers more than willing to
answer questions.
FATHER: She is an exceptional young woman, you know.
HEIDI: Daddy!
FATHER: Very, very bright.
MRS. HIGGINS: Yes, now if we can get you to fill out —
FATHER: Don’t know where she got her brains. Her
mother, I suppose. Oh, I was bright enough.
But nothing like HEIDI. All her teachers have
told Mrs. Thompson — that’s her mother — and
me that she was just about the brightest —
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MRS. HIGGINS: (Interrupts as she loses her patience,
though trying to be pleasant) As I said, if you
have proof of vaccinations —
FATHER: (Interrupts, carrying on with his line of thought)
Besides being bright, she’s very, very talented.
HEIDI: (Twists her hands over and over in front of her
chest.) Please, Daddy, don’t do this.
FATHER: Well, of course I will, darling. I’m proud of you.
Your mother and I are proud of you. (Turns back
to MRS. HIGGINS.) Why just last year, in her last
year of junior high school, before we moved,
Heidi placed first in the county in the annual
spelling bee! Isn’t that wonderful? And she plays
the piano like an angel. An absolute angel.
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HEIDI: Daddy, please. Please, please. Daddy, I have to
go to class. I want to go to class. Please let me
go to class.
FATHER: See what I mean? Such an eager learner. I
can’t imagine anyone’s being more eager for
knowledge than my Heidi. My little girl.
MRS. HIGGINS: Yes, well, be that as it may —
HEIDI: Aaargh! Aaaaargh! Aaaargh! (DIANE and SEAN
enter Down Right. They look at HEIDI, FATHER,
and MRS. HIGGINS.)
HEIDI, DIANE and SEAN: (Shouting in unison) Daddy, you
know better than that!
FATHER: Er, uh, I do?
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“Father Knows Better”
1. What does “Father knows better.” mean?
“Father knows better.” or “Father, you know better
than that.” literally means Father was wise enough
not to do something. Actually it does not have this
meaning. It means Father was not wise when he
meddled with his children’s affairs.
2. How many times does this sentence occur in the text?
What can you infer from the sentence?
This sentence occurs six times in the text. The
children said it satirically to show their disapproval
of Father’s meddling with their affairs.
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“I’m sure he’s a good worker but a typical teenager, if you
know what I mean.”
1. What did Father mean by saying this?
Father was proud of his son as he thought his son
would work well, but he was a little worried that
his son was a boy and he might make some
mistakes in his work.
2. What was the manager’s response?
As a young man, the manager didn’t understand a
father’s feeling, and showed no interests.
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“And I assure you that if there are any subjects that need
to be addressed, Sean and I will have a man-to-man talk.”
1. What is a man-to-man talk?
A talk that takes place between two men, especially
two men who need to discuss a serious personal
matter.
2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.
你放心，要是有什么问题需要解决的话，我和肖恩会
开诚布公地谈一谈的。
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“If that sort of thing happened only once in a while, it
wouldn’t be so bad. Overall, I wouldn’t want to trade
my dad for anyone else’s.”
What can you infer from the sentence?
Father was always meddling with his children’s
affairs, and the children disliked it. However, the
children loved Father and if he interfered with
their affairs only once in a while, they could bear it.
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“Through clenched teeth, the words are in a monotone
and evenly spaced.”
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
咬紧牙，一字一顿地说。
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“Why back in my day — ”
1. Paraphrase the sentence.
Well, when I was young, we didn’t behave like that.
2. What does the sentence imply?
It implies a gap between the young generation and
the older generation.
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“Get this over with, more likely.”
1. What is the correct order of this sentence?
It is more likely to get this over with.
2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.
还不如说，是把这份罪受完算了。
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“And it’s not just one of us who’ve felt the heavy hand of
interference. Oh, no, all three of us live in constant dread
knowing that at any time disaster can strike…”
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
不止我一个人深受他横加干预之苦。哦，绝非我一
个人。我们兄妹三个整天提心吊胆，知道倒霉的是
随时可能来临……
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know better: behave in a more sensible and acceptable way
He is old enough to know better.
他很明事理，不至于以貌取人。
He knows better than to judge by appearances.
Pattern: know better than sb.
know better than to do sth.
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location: n. a place or position
This is a suitable location for a camp.
目击者向警察指出事故的确切地点。
Witnesses showed the police the exact location of
the accident.
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embarrass: vt. make (sb.) feel awkward or ashamed
It embarrassed him that he had to give a talk in
front of a lot of people.
I don’t like making speeches in public. It’s so
embarrassing.
I was really embarrassed when I
couldn’t answer the teacher’s
question.
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dumb: adj.
1) foolish
That was a dumb thing to do.
He was so dumb that he left his keys at home again.
2) unable to speak
The terrible news struck us all dumb.
他生来不能说话，但是他设法找到一个好工作。
He was born dumb, but he has still managed to get
a good job.
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in unison: acting in the same way at the same time
All the babies cried in unison.
国际社会准备一致反对恐怖主义。
The international community is
ready to work in unison against
terrorism.
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consist of: be made up of
The city of New York consists of five boroughs.
The committee consists of scientists and engineers.
Collocation:
consist in
等于；在于
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CF: consist, compose, comprise & constitute
这几个词都是动词，都有“组成”的意思。
consist 是个不及物动词，与介词of一起连用，不可用于被
动语态。consist的主语表示事物的整体，of后的宾
语表示事物的组成部分。
Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.
水由氢和氧组成。
North America consists of the United States,
Canada, and Mexico.
北美洲包括美国、加拿大和墨西哥。
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CF:
compose 的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整
体。但在被动语态中正好相反。
The United States, Canada, and Mexico compose
North America.
美国、加拿大和墨西哥合起来构成北美洲。
Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
水由氢和氧组成。
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CF:
comprise 用作及物动词，有两种用法：传统规则认为
其主语应当为事物的整体，宾语应当为事物
的组成部分，词义为“由……组成，由……
构成”；另一种趋势是用comprise表达“组
成，构成”的意思，此时其主语为事物的组
成部分，宾语为事物的整体。
North America comprises the United States, Canada,
and Mexico.
北美洲包括美国、加拿大和墨西哥。
Ten stories comprise the book.
十个故事组成了这本书。
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CF:
constitute 的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的
整体。
The United States, Canada, and Mexico constitute
North America.
美国、加拿大和墨西哥合起来构成北美洲。
Seven days constitute a week.
七天为一周。
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fade: vi.
1) lose color or brightness
The wallpaper has faded.
2) disappear slowly
The sound of thunder faded away into the distance.
随着天气越来越冷，他早锻炼的热情逐渐消失了。
Her enthusiasm for early-morning exercises faded
as the weather was getting colder and colder.
Collocation:
fade away
逐渐消失
fade out
逐渐消失；淡出
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overall:
1) adv. in general
Overall, prices are still rising.
Overall, I like her, despite her faults.
2) adj. including everything; total (only before noun)
The overall length of the fish
is 3 feet 5 inches.
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trade for: exchange (sth.) for (sth. else)
They traded their clothes for food.
农民用农产品换工具和钱。
The farmers traded farm
produce for tools and money.
Supplementary Reading
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keep in suspense: delay telling (sb.) what they are
eager to know
We’ve been kept in suspense waiting for the
examination results.
观众的悬念一直持续到剧终。
The audience is kept in suspense to the very end of
the play.
Collocation:
break the suspense
消除悬念
hold sb. in suspense
使某人处于悬念之中
be in suspense over
对…悬疑不安
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interrupt: v. stop (sb.) from continuing what they are
saying or doing
Stop interrupt me. I’m trying to talk to your mother.
My daughter kept interrupting me when I spoke.
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bet:
1) vi. be sure
I bet it will snow tomorrow.
I bet she was late for the meeting
on purpose.
2) v. risk (money) on the result of a future event
I bet you 5$ that they will win the next election.
I bet on the wrong horse. It lost
the race.
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distract: vt. take (sb.’s attention) away from sth. esp. for
a short time
Don’t distract me from working.
She was distracted by the noise outside.
玩电脑游戏有时让他写作业分心。
Playing computer games sometimes distracts him from
his homework.
Pattern: distract sb./sth.
distract sb./sth. from
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glorious: adj. wonderful
Look at the glorious colors on the sky.
It seems a pity to be indoors on such a glorious day.
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hand down: give or leave to people who are younger
or come later
The gold watch has been handed down
from my grandfather.
她有一些珠宝，是从她祖母那儿传下来的。
She had some jewelry, which had been
handed down from her grandmother.
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Collocation:
hand in
上交；交给
hand on
传递；依次传下去
hand out
分给；分发
hand over
交出；移交
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at any rate: whatever may happen; in any case
At any rate, I’m going back home.
At any rate, you survived the car accident.
Collocation:
birth rate
出生率
first-rate
一流的
at this / that rate
这样/那样的话；照这样/那样的情形
rate of exchange
汇率
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CF: speed, rate & pace
这几个词都是名词，都有“速度”的意思。
speed 一般指单位时间内所运动的距离。
He drove at a speed of 70 miles per hour.
他以每小时七十英里的速度行驶。
We can’t go any faster. We’re already at top speed.
我们不能再快了。我们已经全速前进了。
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rate 指比率、率，如速度、出生率、入学率等。指速
度时可与speed换用。
She can read at the rate of 100 words a minute.
她每分钟能阅读100个单词。
He must pay at the rate of 10 percent.
必须按照百分之十的比率付款。
pace 主要指行走、跑步等的步速，也可指生活、生长、
进展等方面的速度、进度等。
If you advance one pace, I will shoot you.
你再向前走一步，我就开枪了。
The work progressed at a slow pace.
工作进展很慢。
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community: n. the people living in one place, district, or
country, considered as a whole
The job of a policeman is to
serve the community.
College students have
learned a lot in community
service.
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narrow down: make (a list of things) smaller
The answer to the question was narrowed down to two
choices.
一百多位申请者将会被减少成仅仅五位候选人。
Over a hundred applicants will be narrowed down to a
short list of five candidates.
Pattern: narrow down to
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exhaust: vt.
1) make (sb.) very tired, either physically or mentally
What an exhausting day!
Four hours’ work almost exhausted her.
Hemingway is known for his severe writing style.
2) use up completely
They have exhausted the supply of
oxygen.
What will we do if we exhaust our
reserves of oil?
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CF: tired, exhausted & worn out
这几个词都是形容词，都有“累、疲惫”的意思。
tired 为常见词，但本身没有指明精力的削减程度。
He became tired from hours’ reading.
他阅读了几小时，感到疲倦。
exhausted 指体力、精力的完全损耗，难以恢复或需
要较长时间才可恢复。
He returned at last, too exhausted to eat anything.
他终于回来了，累得吃不下任何东西。
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CF:
worn out 指过度使用而失去价值或功效。
He divorced his wife because he was worn out
from listening to her constant complaints.
听妻子不停地抱怨而厌烦，他为此和她离婚了。
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repeatedly: adv. again and again
I repeatedly warn you not to take the job.
我们反复要求员工不允许在办公室吸烟。
We have repeatedly requested that staff should not
be allowed to smoke in the office.
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swallow: v. cause or allow (esp. food or drink ) to go
down the throat; hide or suppress a feeling
Chew your food properly before
swallowing it.
I tried to swallow, but my mouth
was too dry.
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frank: adj. showing one’s thoughts and feelings openly
If you want my frank opinion, I don’t think the plan
will succeed.
It is clear that my students have been frank with
me.
Pattern: to be frank with sb.
be frank about sth.
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interference: n. unwanted or unnecessary involvement in
sth.
I wanted to do the thing on my own without outside
interference.
你干涉他的私人事务是没道理的。
Your interference in his private affairs is unreasonable.
Pattern: interference in sth.
interference with sb.
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constant: adj.
1) without stopping
He was in constant pain.
I have had a constant headache for three days.
2) unchanging
She is my constant companion.
产品的价格不是固定的，而是随供求
的变化而变化。
The price of the product is not constant but varies with
supply and demand.
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in charge of: having control (over) or responsibility (for)
I am in charge of the department.
He was left in charge of the shop while the manager
was away.
Collocation：
take charge of
in one’s charge
on a charge of
负责
由某人照管
bring a charge against sb.
以…罪名
指控某人
face a charge
面临控告
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exceptional: adj. unusual
All her children are intelligent, but the youngest boy
is really exceptional.
He was an exceptional man with great business
talents.
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fill out: complete (a document or form) by supplying
required information
Fill in your name on this check.
Please fill out the application
form and signed it at the bottom.
Collocation：
fill in
填入；填上
fill in for sb.
临时代替
fill up
填满；装满
fill with
用…填满
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proof: n. evidence or facts that are sufficient to establish
a thing as true or believable
I wouldn’t demand proof of honesty from my friend.
美国研究人员发现证据证明，不吸烟的人与吸烟的人一
起工作也能得癌症。
Researchers in America have found proof that nonsmokers can develop cancer by working with smokers.
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junior: adj.
1) younger
You are my junior.
Jane is several years junior to her husband.
Do you want John Brown Senior or John Brown Junior,
the father or the son?
Pattern:
NB:
be junior to
英语中有些动词或词组后面只能跟名词或动名词，不
能 跟 不 定 式 ， 如 ： avoid ， deny ， enjoy ， escape ，
finish，mind，miss，Abbrs.: Jr. or jr., used after
the name of a person who has the same name as his
father, e.g. Tom Brown, Jr.
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2) lower in rank than others
He is a junior officer.
他被提升为高级职员之前，做了三年低级职员。
He had been a junior clerk for three years before he
was promoted to senior clerk.
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Useful Expressions
Sentence Translation
Spot Dictation
Discussion
Talk about the Pictures
Writing Practice
Proverbs and Quotations
Supplementary Reading
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Writing Practice
A Brief Introduction
A Sample
Homework
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Useful Expressions
1. 舞台前方
the edge of the stage
2. 对观众说话
address the audience
3. 到头来让人尴尬
end up embarrassing sb.
4. 当餐厅服务员
wait tables
5. 为某人感到骄傲
be proud of sb.
6. 一致地
in unison
7. 偶尔一次
once in a while
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8. 围坐在餐桌旁
be seated around the dinning room table
9. 使产生悬念
keep in suspense
10. 传下来
hand down
11. 无论如何
at any rate
12. 世界和平
global peace
13. 减少；缩小
narrow down
14. 转向某人
turn to sb.
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15. 影响；刺激
come over
16. 结束某（一不愉快的）事
get sth. over with
17. 优等生
an honor student
18. 整天提心吊胆
live in constant dread
19. 负责
in charge of
20. 填写
fill out
21. 思路
line of thought
22. 初中
junior high school
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Sentence Translation
1. And it’s not just one of us who’ve felt the heavy hand
of interference. Oh, no, all three of us live in constant
dread knowing that at any time disaster can strike.
不止我一个人深受他横加干预之苦。哦，绝非我一个人，
我们兄妹三个整天提心吊胆，知道倒霉的事情随时可能来
临。
2. Don’t know where she got her brains. Her mother, I
suppose.
不知道她怎么会这么聪明。我想可能是她母亲的遗传。
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3. That has given them the opportunity to essentially hide
in plain sight.
这使他们可以在父母眼皮底下与别人交流而大体上不
致泄密。
4. Text messaging has perhaps become this generation’s
version of pig Latin.
发短信也许已经成为这一代人的文字游戏。
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5. 出于搞笑的目的，故事情节极度夸张，但几乎人人都能从
中看到自己及父母的影子。
For the sake of fun it carries things to extremes,
but nearly everyone can recognize something of
themselves and their parents in it.
6. 黛安娜，你怎么了？我真不明白你们年轻人。唉，在我那
个时候……
Diane, what has come over you? I just don’t
understand the younger generation. Why, back in
my day…
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7. 就在去年，她初中最后一年，我们还没搬家的时候，海蒂
在县里每年一度的拼单词比赛中得了第一名!
Why just last year, in her last year of junior high
school, before we moved, Heidi placed first in the
county in the annual spelling bee.
8. 如今，父母在需要的时候总能联系到孩子，这对于家庭来
说利大于弊。
So far, parents’ ability to reach their children
whenever they want affords families more pluses
than minuses.
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Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks with the
missing words.
cultural differences
A generation gap describes vast _________________
between a younger generation and their elders. The term
first _________
came into prominence in Western countries during
the 1960s. There were major differences between the
young people and their parents ________________
in such matters as musical
tastes, fashion, drug use, and politics. Several examples of
generational differences were prominent during
the period .
_______________
popular among the youth , was
Rock music and soul music, ______________________
Long hair on young
mostly detested by their elders. ________
males was frequently seen as a shocking act of rebellion
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The large scale protests against
society by their parents. _____________________
the Vietnam War on American college campuses
national support
contrasted sharply with the universal _______________
for World War II that their parents had experienced. Many
youths “dropped out” into the hippie counterculture (嬉
used
皮士反文化潮流). The term “generation gap” is rarely
__________
today, as generational differences and generational
identity are now _____________
less significant in Western society than
during the 1960s.
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Discussion
1. What do you think causes the generation gap?
2. What can be done to solve the problem of the generation
gap?
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Talk about the Pictures
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Unit 33 The
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Unit 33 The
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Unit 33 The
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A Brief Introduction
Posters are a simple but effective way of publicizing
events and communicating important messages to the
public at large. Here are a few steps for you to follow to
write an effective poster.
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Step 1: Determine the target audience.
Step 2: Search for posters intended for similar target
audiences as yours. Study them to determine
what they have in common and incorporate the
most effective elements in those posters into
yours.
Step 3: List the information that absolutely needs to be
included on your poster.
Step 4: Come up with catchy slogans and ideas for colors,
fonts, backgrounds and overall messages.
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Step 5: Create a rough draft.
Step 6: Enlist the help of friends — preferably ones within
your target audience — to proofread your poster.
Ask them for suggestions in regard to style, layout,
consistency and grammar.
Step 7: Make any necessary changes to your poster and
have your proofreaders look at your finished
design once more.
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A Sample
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Homework
For this part, you are required to make a poster about
Halloween Costume Party based on the following table.
Try to follow the 7-step guide to make your poster both
effective and impressive.
Time
6:30 p.m., Saturday, November 1st
Place
WPU Dining room A
Activities
Candies, games, scary stories telling …
Participants
All the students
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Proverbs and Quotations
1. Like father, like son.
有其父，必有其子。
2. Spare the rod and spoil the child.
孩子不打不成器。
3. Train up a child in the way he should go.
培养孩子去走正路。
Supplementary Reading
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4. Mother’s darlings make but milksop heroes.
惯宝宝，不成器。
5. All I am, or can be, I owe to my angel mother.
— Abraham Lincoln, American president
我之所有，我之所能，都归功于我天使般的母亲。
—— 美国总统 A. 林肯
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6. If you want your children to keep their feet on the
ground, put some responsibility on their shoulders.
— John Bunyan, British essayist
你若希望你的孩子总是脚踏实地，就要让他们负些责
任。
—— 英国散文家 J. 班扬
7. The fundamental defect of fathers is that they want
their children to be a credit to them.
— Bertrand Russell, British philosopher
父亲们最根本的缺点在于想要自己的孩子为自己争光。
—— 英国哲学家 B. 罗素
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Reading
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Culture Notes
The Walt Disney Company
Orlando Bloom
Alexander Graham Bell
Rock and roll
The sexual revolution of the 1960s
Baby boomers
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Comprehension Tasks
Dialogue
Listening and Discussion
Fill in the blanks
Retell the story
Discussion
Supplementary Reading
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The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company is the largest media and
entertainment corporation in the world. Founded on
October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt and Roy Disney as an
animation studio, it has become one of the biggest
Hollywood studios, and owner and licensor of eleven theme
parks and several television networks, including ABC and
ESPN. Disney’s corporate headquarters and primary
production facilities are located at The Walt Disney Studios
in Burbank, California. The company has been a component
of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6, 1991.
Mickey Mouse serves as the official mascot of The Walt
Disney Company.
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Orlando Bloom
Orlando Bloom is a classically trained English actor. He
had his break-through roles in 2001 as the elf-prince
Legolas in The Lord of the Rings and starting in 2003 as
blacksmith Will Turner in the Pirates of the Caribbean
trilogy of films, and subsequently established himself as a
lead in Hollywood films, including Troy, Elizabethtown,
Kingdom of Heaven and the sequels Pirates of the
Caribbean: Dead Man’s Chest and At World’s End.
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Alexander Graham Bell
Listen to the passage about Alexander Graham Bell and
finish the true or false statements.
1. Alexander Graham Bell used to be a teacher of the
limp.
( F )
2. An expert on electricity, Alexander Graham Bell
believed that a voice could be sent over a wire. ( F )
3. Bell was awarded his patent on the telephone in 1876,
which is one of the most valuable patents given by the
( T )
U.S.
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Rock and roll
Rock and roll is a form of popular music arising from
and incorporating a variety of musical styles, especially
rhythm and blues, country music, and gospel. Originating
in the United States in the 1950s, it is characterized by
electronically amplified instrumentation, a heavily
accented beat, and relatively simple phrase structure. Key
themes for the early rock movement were youth protest,
the counterculture and hallucinogenic drugs. San
Francisco became its leading centre. By the mid-1970s,
much of the experiment was felt to be self-indulgent and
the political stances unrealistic.
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The sexual revolution of the 1960s
Central to the sexual revolution in the 1960s was
the growing acceptance of sexual encounters between
unmarried adults. Throughout this period young men and
women engaged in their first acts of sexual intercourse at
increasingly younger ages. The impact of earlier sexual
experimentation was reinforced by the later age of
marriage; thus, young men and women had more time
available to acquire sexual experience with partners
before entering upon a long-term monogamous
relationship.
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In addition, the growing number of marriages resulting
in divorce — and the consequent lessening of the stigma
attached to divorce — provided another opportunity for
men and women (to a lesser degree) to engage in nonmonogamous sexual activity. At the same time homosexuals
who lived in secret came out of the closet. Like much of
the radicalism from the 1960s, the sexual revolution was
often seen to have been centered around the university
campus, amongst students.
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Baby boomers
“Baby boomers” is a term to describe people born
between 1946 and 1964. After American soldiers returned
home from World War II in 1946, the United States
experienced an explosion of births (hence the name baby
boom) that continued for the next 18 years.
One of the unique features of Boomers was that they
tended to think of themselves as a special generation, very
different from those that had come before. The boomers
regard rock and roll as an expression of their generational
identity. They may not attend organized church, and they
are more liberal towards such issues like abortion and
homosexuality. They participated in the sexual revolution of
the 1960’s and protested against the Vietnam War.
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Dialogue
Generation gap maybe exists in every family. Now you are
required to get a partner and make up a dialogue between
a 15-year-old daughter, who wants to join Super Seven —
the rock and roll band in her school, and her mother, who
worries about her daughter and doesn’t allow her to join
the band. The dialogue should cover the following aspects:
1) something about Super Seven;
2) the reasons why the daughter wants to join Super Seven;
3) the reasons why the mother doesn’t allow her daughter
to join the band;
4) conflicts between the mother and daughter;
5) the settlement of the conflicts.
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Fill in the blanks
Listen to the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
1. The Internet makes me understand that the generation
gap exists not only between
the young and the old , but
__________________________________
among the young , even though _____________________
also ___________________
there are only 3 or
5________________________
year gaps in the age .
I kept my youth and there was not a
2. I believed that __________________
gap between the new generation of the 80s and mine.
3. In my friend’s memory, students ______________________
kept their life track
between the dorm and the library .
_____________________________________
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more
______________
4. In my opinion, people born in the 80s benefit
than we were ,
from the Internet. They are crazier
_______________________
more passion for life .
they have
____________________________
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Retell the story
Listen to the passage again and retell the story in class.
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Discussion
Form groups of 4 and have a discussion based on the
following questions:
1. Do you think the generation gap exists among the young
with 3 or 5 year gaps in the age?
2. Can you list more new means of communication apart
from the mobile phone and Internet?
3. How is the relationship between the old and the young
influenced by these new means of communication? How
about the relationship among the young?
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Sending text messages is becoming ever more
popular, especially with young people. Does texting
broaden the gap between the generations or does it help
parents and children keep more in touch? Laura Holson
investigates.
Text Generation Gap: U R 2 Old
LAURA M. HOLSON
As president of the Walt Disney Company’s children’s
book and magazine publishing unit, Russell Hampton
knows a thing or two about teenagers. Or he thought as
much until he was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Katie,
and two friends to a play last year in Los Angeles.
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“Katie and her friends were sitting in the back seat
talking to each other about some movie star; I think it was
Orlando Bloom,” recalls Mr. Hampton. “
I made some
comment about him, but I got the typical teenager
guttural sigh and Katie rolled her eyes at me as if to say,
‘Oh Dad, you are so out of it’ ”.
After that, the back-seat chattering stopped. When Mr.
Hampton looked into his rearview mirror he saw his
daughter sending a text message on her cellphone. “Katie,
you shouldn’t be texting all the time,” Mr. Hampton
recalls telling her. “Your friends are there. It’s rude.”
“But, Dad, we’re texting each other,” she replied. “I
don’t want you to hear what I’m saying.”
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It’s a common scene these days, one playing out in
cars, kitchens and bedrooms across the country.
Children increasingly rely on personal technological
devices like cellphones to define themselves and create
social circles apart from their families, changing the way
they communicate with their parents.
Innovation, of course, has always spurred broad
societal changes.
As telephones became ubiquitous
in the last century, users — adults and teenagers alike —
found a form of privacy and easy communication
unknown to Alexander Graham Bell or his daughters.
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The automobile ultimately shuttled in an era when
teenagers could go on dates far from watchful parents.
And the computer, along with the Internet, has given even
very young children virtual lives distinctly separate from
those of their parents and siblings.
The popularity of the cellphone — along with the
mobility and intimacy it affords — will further exploit and
accelerate these trends. “For kids it has become an
identity-shaping and psyche-changing object,” observes
Sherry Turkle, a social psychologist at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology who has studied the social impact
of mobile communications.
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So far, parents’ ability to reach their children
whenever they want affords families more pluses than
minuses. Mr. Hampton, who is divorced, says it is easy to
reach Katie even though they live in different time zones.
And college students who are pressed for time, like Ben
Blanton, a freshman at Vanderbilt University, can text
their parents when it suits them, asking them to run
errands or just saying hello.
“Texting is in between calling and sending an e-mail,”
he explains. Now he won’t even consider writing a letter
to his mother. “It’s too time consuming,” he says. “You
have to go to the post office. Instead, I can sit and watch
television and send a text, which is the same thing.”
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But as with any cultural shift involving parents and
children — the birth of rock’n’ roll or the sexual revolution
of the 1960s, for example — various gulfs emerge.
Baby
boomers who warned decades ago that their out-of-touch
parents couldn’t be trusted now sometimes find themselves
raising children who — thanks to the Internet and the
cellphone — consider Mom and Dad to be clueless, too.
Cellphones, instant messaging, e-mail and the like
have encouraged younger users to create their own
inventive, quirky and very private written language. That
has given them the opportunity to essentially hide in plain
sight.
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In some cases, they may even become more
alienated from those closest to them, says Anita Gurian,
a clinical psychologist.
“Cellphones demand parental involvement of a
different kind,” she notes. “Kids can do a lot of things in
front of their parents without them knowing.”
To be sure, parents have always been concerned
about their children’s well-being — and the rise of the
cellphone offers just the latest twist in that dynamic.
However it all unfolds, it has helped prompt
communications companies to educate parents about
how better to be in touch with their children.
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In a survey released 18 months ago, AT&T found that
among 1,175 parents interviewed, nearly half learned how
to text-message their children. More than 60 percent of
parents agreed that it helped them communicate. When
asked if their children wanted a call or a text message
requesting that they be home by curfew, for instance, 58
percent of parents said their children preferred a text.
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Text messaging has perhaps become this generation’s
version of pig Latin. For dumbfounded parents, AT&T now
offers a tutorial that decodes acronyms meant to keep
parents at bay. “Teens may use text language to keep
parents in the dark about their conversations,” the
tutorial states. Some acronyms meant to alert children to
prying eyes are POS (“parent over shoulder”), PRW
(“parents are watching”) and KPC (“keeping parents
clueless”).
Savannah Pence, 15, says she wants to be in touch
with her parents — but also wants to keep them at arm’s
length. “I don’t text that much in front of my parents
because they read them,” she says.
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At first, Savannah’s father, John Pence, who owns a
restaurant in Portland, Ore., was unsure about how to
relate to his daughter. “I didn’t know how to
communicate with her,” Mr. Pence says. So he took a
crash course in text messaging — from Savannah. But so
far he knows how to quickly type only a few words or
phrases: Where are you? Why haven’t you called me?
When are you coming home?
Savannah says she sends a text message to her
father at least two or three times a day. “I can’t ask him
questions because he is too slow,” she adds.
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Mr. Pence is well aware of how destabilizing
cellphones, iPods and hand-held video game players can
be to family relations. “I see kids text under the table
at the restaurant,” he says. “They don’t teach them
etiquette anymore.” Some children, he says, watch
videos in restaurants.
“They don’t know that’s the time to carry on a
conversation,” he remarks. “I would like to walk up to
some tables and say, ‘Kids, put your iPods and your
cellphones away and talk to your parents.’ ”
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But even he has found that enforcing rules is
harder than might be expected. He now permits
Savannah to send text messages while watching TV,
after he noticed her using a blanket over her lap to
hide that she was sending messages to friends.
“I
could have them in the same room texting, or I
wouldn’t let them text and they would leave,” says Mr.
Pence of his children. “They are good kids, but you
want to know what they are up to.”
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comment:
1. n. a written or spoken remark giving an opinion
We’d like to invite your comments on our performance.
博客带来了素不相识之人作出的讨厌的评论。
With blogs come nasty comments made by someone
you hardly know.
2. v. express an opinion about sb. or sth.
Dear friends, kindly comment on my essay on values.
他评论说这本小说是美国文学的杰作。
He commented that this novel was a masterpiece in
American literature.
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rely on: depend upon sb. or sth. to do what you need or
expect them to do
More employers are relying on pre-employment testing
to help them make smarter hiring decisions.
传统的广告依靠诸如电视、杂志等媒体去接触尽可能多
的观众。
Traditional advertising has relied on such media as
television and magazines to read the greatest number
of audience possible.
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define: vt. give the distinguishing characteristics of;
state precisely the meaning of
Have scientists defined the age of earth precisely?
你如何定义成功与你的幸福感有很大关系?
How you define success has a lot to do with your
sense of happiness?
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apart from: in addition to; except for
Apart from being too large, this house is too far away
from public transportation.
尽管出了车祸，但除了一些擦伤，她没有受伤。
Apart from a few bruises, she was unhurt despite the
car accident.
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alike:
1. adj. similar, like one another
The twins are as alike as two peas in a pod.
虽然这些绵羊看起来很相像，但那位老人仍能一一区别。
Much as the sheep look alike, the old man can tell one
from another.
2. adv. in a similar way
Laws treat all people alike, be they foreign visitors or
local VIPs.
我相信北京将向运动员、现场观众和全世界的电视观众一
样证明，这是一块神奇的土地。
I believe that Beijing will prove to be a land of wonders
to athletes, spectators and the worldwide television
audience alike.
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popularity: n. the quality of being well liked or admired
We made it Despite its popularity, 90 percent of
Chinese can’t pronounce the Chinese character,
according to an online survey.
教育展在高中毕业生及其家长中非常受欢迎。
The education exhibition enjoyed huge popularity
among high school graduates and their parents.
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mobile: adj. not fixed in one position, able to move freely
or be moved easily from place to place
Mobile hospitals were urgently needed in the
earthquake-stricken area.
在北京几乎每三人中就有一人属于流动人口。
Nearly one of every three people in Beijing belongs to
the mobile population.
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trend: n. a general direction in which a situation is
changing or developing
Economic globalization has become a general trend.
2001年，纽约引领了禁止驾驶时使用移动电话的潮流。
In 2001, New York led the trend towards some sort of
prohibition on mobile phone use while driving.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
impact: n. strong effect or influence
The war had a devastating impact on Europe.
电脑对现代生活产生了很大影响。
The computer has made a great impact on modern life.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
consume: vt. use (time, energy, fuel, etc.)
The toilets in a busy restaurant can consume a lot of
water, so it’s important to install low-flow units.
从现在起中国将出口更少的高能耗产品。
From now on China will export fewer high energy
consuming products.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
and the like: and so on
My drawer is full of pens, books and the like.
孩子们在托儿所能学习唱歌、跳舞、绘画及诸如此类的
东西。
Children can learn singing, dancing, drawing and the
like at the daycare center.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
opportunity: n. a chance to do something
This is a good opportunity to apply what you’ve learned
in class to practical work.
很遗憾他错过了出国旅游的机会。
It’s a pity that he missed the opportunity to travel
abroad.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
prompt: vt. make (sb.) decide to do sth.
My interest in the position of Supply Manager has
prompted me to forward my resumé for your
consideration.
一再降息缘于最近的经济危机。
The repeated interest cuts were prompted by the
recent economic crisis.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
interview: n. (of a reporter, etc.) have a meeting with
(sb.) for questions，opinions，etc.
What questions should I ask during a job interview?
别人羡慕她能采访比尔盖茨。
Others envied her for landing an interview with Bill
Gates.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
keep … at bay: prevent (sb.) from coming close or
prevent (sth. bad) from affecting you
She was furious but kept her anger at bay and continued
to plan her escape.
人们种草来防止沙漠化。
The desert is being kept at bay by grass planting.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
keep … in the dark: not tell (sb.) sth. that you want to
keep secret
Passengers are being kept in the dark over the pilots’
strike.
贪婪的银行鼓励穷人们贷款却不让他们知道实际的贷款
成本。
Greedy banks encouraged poor people to borrow while
keeping them in the dark about the real lending costs.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
relate: vi. be able to understand sb.’s problems,
situations, etc.
His plays are successful because they are easy to relate
to.
我能深深地理解我的祖父。
My grandfather is someone I can relate to deeply.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
be aware of: have knowledge or realization of
We’re aware of our international responsibilities, says
the Chinese Premier.
直到吉姆在课堂上使用它，我才知道这个软件。
I had not been aware of this software until Jim used it
in class.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
enforce: vt. make sure a law or rule is obeyed
This document is useful for studying how to enforce
intellectual property rights.
警察与法官执法。
Policemen and judges enforce the law.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
be up to: be occupied or busy with
I need some word on what they are up to.
劳拉看起来好像在忙什么事情。
Laura looks like she is up to something.
Supplementary Reading
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
“I made some comment about him, but I got the typical
teenager guttural sigh and Katie rolled her eyes at me
as if to say, ‘Oh Dad, you are so out of it’ ”.
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
“我说了几句评论他的话，但是得到的却是十几岁
孩子惯用的用喉音低声发出的叹息。凯蒂对着我翻
白眼，似乎在说，‘喔，爸，你怎么这么闭塞。’”
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
As telephones became ubiquitous in the last century,
users — adults and teenagers alike — found a form of
privacy and easy communication unknown to Alexander
Graham Bell or his daughters.
Paraphrase the sentence.
The popularity of telephones in the last century
enables the users, both adults and teenagers, to
keep their privacy and communicate easily, which
is quite beyond Alexander Graham Bell or his
daughters’ expectations.
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
Baby boomers who warned decades ago that their outof-touch parents couldn’t be trusted now sometimes
find themselves raising children who — thanks to the
Internet and the cellphone — consider Mom and Dad to
be clueless, too.
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
婴儿潮中诞生的人几十年前曾警告说，他们的父母脱
离时代，不能信任。现在他们自己也有了孩子，这些
孩子由于互联网和手机的缘故，也认为爸妈一无所知。
Unit
Unit 33 The
The Generation
Generation Gap
Gap
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Supplementary Reading
“I could have them in the same room texting, or I
wouldn’t let them text and they would leave,” says Mr.
Pence of his children. “They are good kids, but you
want to know what they are up to.”
Translate the sentence into Chinese.
“我要么让他们呆在同一间屋里发短信，要么不让他
们发短信而他们就走开，”潘斯先生这样说他的孩子
们。“他们是好孩子，但是父母还是想知道他们在干
些啥”。