Transcript Chapter 2 “Cells” Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages 38 – 40

COMMON CELL TRAITS
 A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of
performing life functions.
In your NB, create a T chart to list the major structures found in each cell.
COMPARING CELLS
 The size & shape of a
cell relates to its
function. (job it
does)
NB: Which cell has special
extensions to carry electrical
impulses?
NB: Why do you think that
red blood cells are round?
CELL WALL
 protects the cell
 gives shape
 is made of cellulose
 A cell wall is found in plants, algae,
fungi, & most bacteria.
CELL MEMBRANE
 Outer covering,
protective layer around
ALL cells
 For cells with cell
walls,the cell membrane
is inside the cell wall
 Allows food, oxygen, &
water into the cell &
waste products out of the
cell.
CYTOPLASM
 gelatin-like inside cell
membrane
 constantly flows
NUCLEUS
 Directs all cell
activities
 Contains instructions
for everything the cell
does
 These instructions are
found on a hereditary
material called DNA
 Usually the largest
organelle
Quick Check!
 Match the cell part to
the job is does:
A. Controls the cell
B. Outer protective
layer- in plants, not
animals
C. Controls what enters
and leaves the cell
D. Fills the cell, allowing
chemical reactions to
occur
2
1
3
4
CHROMATIN
 contains genetic code that
controls cell
 made of DNA & proteins
 found in the nucleus
MITOCHONDRIA
 Organelles that release
energy from food
 This energy is released by
breaking down food into
carbon dioxide
 AKA the powerhouse b/c
they release energy from
food
 Some muscle cells have
20,000 mitochondria
VACUOLES
 Temporary
storage spaces
 Store food, water,
waste
 Plant cells
usually have
larger vacuoles
than animal cells
CHLOROPLASTS
 Green organelles
that make food
 found only in
plant cells
CHLOROPHYLL
 Found in chloroplasts
 A green pigment that
gives leaves & stems
their color
 Captures sunlight
energy that is used to
produce food called
glucose
 Glucose is a type of
sugar
Quick Check!
2
 Match the cell part to
the job is does:
A. Green pigment that
traps light energy in
plants
B. Storage compartment
C. Release energy for cell
D. Contains genetic code
or instructions
E. Organelle that holds
chlorophyll for food
production in plants
green material that fills
the chloroplast
1
structure
that holds
chlorophyll
4
3
5
NAME THE ORGANELLE
a. Nucleus
b. Chloroplast
c. Vacuole
d. Mitochondria
Compare Plant and Animal Cells
 Create a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast a
typical Plant and a typical Animal cell. You must
include the following: cell wall, cell membrane,
cytoplasm, nucleus, chromatin, mitochondria,
vacuoles, chloroplast, chlorophyll.
Animal Cell
Plant Cell
1- Nucleus
2- Chromosomes
3- Mitochondria
4- Ribosomes
4- Chloroplasts
5- Vacuoles
7- ER
6- Cell
Membrane
FROM CELL TO ORGANISM
Cell
The basic unit of life
Tissue
Group of cells working together
Organ
Group of tissues working together
Organ System
Group of organs working together
Organism
Any living thing made of 1 or more cells
View this animation, paying attention to how each level builds on the one before it.
 Match the diagram to the
level of organization:
A. Atom
5
B. Molecule
1
C. Cell
D. Tissue
E. Organ
F. Organ System
2
G. Organism
H. Population 8
I. Community
J. Ecosystem
K. Biosphere
Quick Check!
3
6
11
7
10
9
4