Transcript Metalinguistics

Metalinguistics
Definition
 It’s a ‘Meta’
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– Metacognition
– Metalinguistics
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Theorists:
– VanKleeck
– Clark
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Emergent-Literacy through VanKleeck
Metalinguistics Importance
#2
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Importance: the pinnacle of language
development
– ability to analyze language
– use ‘higher forms’
– oral language-literacy connection
Aspects of Metalinguistics
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1. Taxonomies
– VanKleeck-more literacy focused
– Clark more language focused
2. Comprises
1. Meta-components
 meta p,p,s,s
2. Performatives
– humor
– figurative language
 idioms
proverbs
 metaphors
similes
3. Emergent Literacy
#3
Clark’s Taxonomy, 1.6-4yrs
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1.6-2 years
– Monitor’s one’s on-going utterances
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repair spontaneously
practice sounds, words simple sentences
adjust one’s speech to different listeners
3-4 years
– Check the results of one’s utterance
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check whether the listener has understood: if
not repair
comment explicitly on own utterances and
those of others
correct others
Clark’s taxonomy, 3-4 yrs. cont.
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3-4 years, continued
– test for reality
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decide whether a word or sentence ‘works in
furthering listener understanding
– attempt to learn language deliberately
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practice new sounds,words, sentences
practice speech styles of different roles
Clark’s taxonomy, School-age
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School-age
– predict consequences of using particular
forms (inflections, words, phrases
sentences)
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apply appropriate inflections to ‘new’ words
judge utterances as appropriate for a speech
listener or setting
correct word order and wording in sentences
judged as ‘wrong’
Clark’s Taxonomy, School Age finish
– reflect on the product of an utterance
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identify specific linguistic units
explains why some sentences are possible and
how to interpret them
provide definitions of words, multiple meaning
words, synonyms, antonyms, homonyms
uses performatives
Metalinguistic Taxonomies
Clarks taxonomy
 Van Kleecks (more emergent literacy
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focused)
– Four Stages
– Stage I (Age 1.6-2)
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distinguishes Print from non-print
knows how to interact with books: right side up, turning
from left to right
Recognizes some printed symbols brand names
(logographic)
VanKleeck’s Taxonomy
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#VK2
Phase II ( Ages 2-6)
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ascertains word boundaries in spoken sentences
ascertains word boundaries in printed words
engages in word substitution play
plays with the sounds of the language
begins to talk about language parts of about talking
( speech acts)
corrects own speech/language to help the listener
understand the message (spontaneously or in
response to the listener request)
self-monitors own speech and makes changes to
more closely approximate the adult model;
phonological first, lexical and semantic speech
style last
believes that a word is an integral part of the object
to which it refers (word realism)
inability to consider that one word could have
different meanings
Van Kleeck’s Taxonomy
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#VK3
Stage 3 (ages 6-10)
– Begins to take listener perspective and use
language form to match
– Understands verbal humor involving
linguistic ambiguity: riddles
– Able to resolve ambiguity
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lexical first: homophones
deep structure (will you join me in a bowl of soup
morphologic/phonologic (What do you have if you
put three ducks in a box? “A box of quackers)
Van Kleek’s Taxonomy
#VK4
– Able to understand word can have multiple
meanings
– Able to resequence language elements
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(brown, the, fence fox, over, jumped, the)
– Able to segment syllables into phonemes
– Finds it difficult to appreciate Figurative Forms
other than Idioms
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Stage IV (Ages 10 +
– Able to extend language meaning to figurative
language ( hypothetical realms for metaphors,
similes, parodies, analogies)
– Able to manipulate various speech styles to fit a
variety of contexts and listeners
Metalinguistics’s Skills
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Metalinguistic Components
– 1. Meta-components
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meta p,p,s,s
– Metapragmatics: ‘Why” it’s important to say “Thank
you”
– Metaphonology: phonemic awareness
– Metasemantics: explaining what a word means,
multiple meaning words, synonyms, antonyms, homonyms,
multiple meaning words
– Metasyntax: parts of speech, diagramming
Metalinguistics Components
– 2. Performatives
– humor
– visual
– verbal
 inferential (deep structure)
 ambiguity
– figurative language
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idioms: Strike a bargain, hop a plane, break a
date
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metaphors: Your teeth are like stars, they
come out at night
proverbs: A penny saved, is a penny earned
analogies: A father is a man, a mother is a ….
Metalinguistics Components
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-3. Emergent Literacy
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Text manipulation
Discourse Competency
Text Comprehension
Phonologic Awareness
METALINGUISTICS Summary
1. Definition
 2. Taxonomies
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VanKleeck
Clark
3. Components
– 1. Meta-components: pragmatics,
phonology, semantics, syntax
– 2. Performatives
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humor
multiple meaning words
figurative language
– idioms
– proverbs
similes
metaphors
END Metalinguistic NOTES