Transcript BOATING SKILLS AND SEAMANSHIP

BOATING SKILLS AND
SEAMANSHIP
Lesson 4
HANDLING YOUR BOAT
Approved by DC-E USCG AuxA, Inc
Lesson Objectives
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Boat handling and loading
Fueling and 1/3 rule
Prop selection and operation
Safe boating operation
Anchoring procedures
About hypothermia
Undocking and docking/mooring
Heavy weather operations
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Fueling Your Boat
• 1/3 rule
• Ground fuel hose to boat rail or gas cap
• Keep fumes out
• Prevent spills
• Portable tanks
• Gasoline in bilge
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Getting Started
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Brief your guests
Check on weather
Life jackets out and ready
Test throttle and steering
Gas and oil – check gages
Engine warmed up – check
gages & tell tale
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Hull Types
Handling Characteristics
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Propellers
• Selecting the right prop
• To protect prop, use:
– Shear pin
– Slip Hub
• Should carry on board
– Spare pins
– Spare prop
– Tools
• Guard against cavitation & ventilation
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Propeller Diameter and
Pitch
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Powering your boat
• The Prop
• Modifications
• Speed vs. Horse Power
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Jet Drives
• PWCs …………………………. Age?
• OTS ………………………… Kill Switch
• Local Laws
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Safety First
• Don’t overload
• Secure load from shifting
• Bow, gunwales, seat backs, stern are
not seats
• Don’t’ Stand
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Steering
• Car
– Front wheels steer and vehicle moves in
direction you turn
• Boat
– Stern steers & back half of boat moves in
opposite direction before eventually
moving in direction you intend
– Pivot point generally 1/3 back from bow
– May control with spring lines
– Stopping
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Driving Cars and Boats
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Steering, Single Prop
• Forward gear, stern moves in opposite direction
• Reverse gear, stern moves in direction of turn
• Right hand prop has small prop walk to right in
forward, larger walk to port in reverse
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Steering Twin - Props
• Each Engine Will have Its own Throttle and Gear
Controls
• You Can Turn Slowly by Operating One Engine
Faster Than the Other
• Prop walk offset by one left & one right hand
prop. When operating only one, remember walk
• You Can PIVOT in a Narrow Area by Putting One
engine in FORWARD, the Other in REVERSE
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Steering Techniques
Twin Propellers
• Steer with rudder when at speed
• Use differential prop thrust at dock
• Use both rudder and thrust to walk
sideways
– Forward on port, reverse on starboard to
swing bow to starboard
– Since forward prop has more thrust, rudder
to port with above also moves stern to
starboard
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Steering Techniques
Jet Drive
• No prop; no prop walk
• No neutral; balance forward & reverse
thrust
• Turns require
power use burst
• Pivot point
nearer intake;
sharp turns
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Tilt Adjustment
• Lift bow in flat
water for
speed
• Drop bow in rough
water for comfort
and damage
prevention
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Docking
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Wind & Current
Crew
Slow and easy (“Fending Off”)
Lines & Fenders
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Docking or Undocking
• Where is wind?
– What is its effect on your boat?
• Where is current?
– What is its effect on your boat?
• When docking
– Check wind & current by stopping boat.
– Use ample amount of neutral
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Leaving dock - Wind off
dock
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Leaving dock - Wind on
bow
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Springing Away From
Dock; Wind Onto Dock
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Docking - Wind Onto
Dock
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Docking - Wind off Dock
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Anchor Types
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Anchoring
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Boat’s Motion
Lowering Anchor
Setting Anchor
Anchor Dragging
Deck Fastenings
Checking Position
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Anchor Rode
• Everything between boat and anchor
– Line
– Thimble
– Shackle
– Wire Lock
– Chain
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The Anchor Rode
• Rode
– Name For the Line and All Associated Gear
From Boat to Anchor
• Chain
– Connects between Anchor and Line
– Prevent Chafing of line on Bottom
• Recommended use of nylon line
– Stretches as wave action lifts vessel
– Acts as a shock absorber
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Deploying the Anchor
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Find a protected spot
Head Your boat Into wind/current
Stop Boat
Lower the anchor until it reaches bottom
Back slowly while letting out the Line
Normal Scope:
7 TO 1
If Depth is 10 ft
Scope is 70 ft
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Properly Set Anchor
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Raising the Anchor
• Head the boat toward the anchor
– Go head slowly, hauling In the Line
• Stop Boat when Over Anchor (Line is
Straight down)
• Lift Anchor Slowly
• Use Care – Prevent the Anchor From
Bashing against the Hull
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Getting Underway
• Weighing anchor
• Fouled anchor
• Using boat’s power
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Heavy Weather
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The Warning Signs
Radio
Radar
Visibility
Narrow Inlets
Bars
Get Advice
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Underway Preparation
• Heavy Weather
– Close topside openings
– Pump out bilges
– Secure loose gear
– Put on life jackets
– Break out emergency gear
– Check / update position
– Look for shelter
– Instruct crew
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Broaching
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Pitchpoling
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Yawing
• Unintended turning of boat due to slow
speed or loss of rudder contact with
water at crest of wave
• May require considerable engine power
to overcome once prop & rudder back in
water
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Using a Drogue
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Operating in “thick”
Weather
• Operate at a Safe Speed
• Need to:
– See and be seen
– Hear and be heard
• Use:
– Lookouts forward
– Passive radar reflector
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The Sea is so Large
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Safety at Sea
• Equipment
– You get what you pay for
• Knowledge and experience
– You are here
• Common sense
– Know when to go and when not
• Have a plan
– MOB, Medical Emergency,Spill, Lost, Out
of Fuel, Mechanical Failure, Fire At Sea,
and Sinking
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Running Aground
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Check for leaks
Raise outboard
Move passengers to stern
Try rocking boat
Place anchor astern and pull off
Call for assistance
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Environmental Concerns
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Follow markers
Don’t stir up bottom
Use proper anchoring technique
Properly dispose of waste
Beware of oil and fuel spills
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Summary
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Fueling procedures
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The propeller
Driving boat vs. car
Twin vs. single screw handling
Tilt adjustments
Loading the boat
Getting started
Leaving pier and docking
Mooring and anchoring
Heavy weather
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