Transcript ENVIRONMENTAL LAW: PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY

THE ENDANGERED SPECIES
ACT of 1973
Cornell Scientific Inquiry
Partnership
Cornell University
AMERICAN
BUFFALO
(BISON)
Steve Maslowski, US Fish & Wildlife Service
Jesse Achtenberg, US Fish & Wildlife Service
Population in 1800: 20-40 Million
George Catlin, Catlin and His Indian Guide Approaching Buffalo under White Wolf Skins, 1846-1848
Joselyn Art Museum
Alfred Jacob Miller, Driving Herds of Buffalo over a Precipice, 1867
L.A. Huffman, 1877
ca. 1873
National Archives
National Archives
ALMOST EXTINCT BY 1878
PASSENGER PIGEON
PASSENGER PIGEON
POPULATION AT ITS PEAK: 2-5 BILLION
PASSENGER PIGEON
EXTINCTION: September 1, 1914, at 1pm
MIGRATORY BIRDS
LEGISLATION BEFORE 1973
1. Lacey Act: 1900
2. Migratory Bird Conservation Act:
1929
3. Bald Eagle Protection Act: 1940
4. Endangered Species Legislation:
1966 & 1969
THE ENDANGERED
SPECIES ACT of 1973
THE ENDANGERED
SPECIES ACT of 1973
PURPOSES:
1. To protect the ecosystems upon which
endangered species depend
THE ENDANGERED
SPECIES ACT of 1973
PURPOSES:
1. To protect the ecosystems upon which
endangered species depend
2. To preserve and recover endangered
species
ESA: MECHANISMS
1.
2.
3.
4.
LISTING ENDANGERED SPECIES
LAND OWNERSHIP
COOPERATION & FUNDING
REGULATIONS
1. LISTING ENGANGERD
SPECIES
Section 4
- The Secretary of the Interior lists
species determined to be endangered
or threatened on the basis of the best
available science.
1. LISTING ENGANGERD
SPECIES
Section 4
- The Secretary of the Interior lists
species determined to be endangered
or threatened on the basis of the best
available science.
- The Secretary of the Interior designates
areas of critical habitat for listed
species.
2. LAND OWNERSHIP
Section 5
-
-
Authorizes the federal government to
purchase land critical for endangered
species
The Power of Eminent Domain
3. COOPERATION & FUNDING
Section 6
- Authorizes cooperative agreements with
states, which administer their own
endangered species programs
3. COOPERATION & FUNDING
Section 6
- Authorizes cooperative agreements with
states, which administer their own
endangered species programs
- Authorizes funding for state and private
programs that protect endangered
species
4. REGULATIONS
Section 7
- Requires that all actions taken or
funded by federal agencies protect
endangered species
4. REGULATIONS
Section 9
- Makes it unlawful for anyone to
“take” endangered species
(“The term ‘take’ means to harass, harm,
pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture,
or collect.”)
4. REGULATIONS
Section 11
- Authorizes civil & criminal penalties
for violating the Act
LEGAL QUESTIONS
1. The Value/Cost of endangered
species
-
TVA v. Hill
437 U.S. 153 (1978)
TVA v. Hill (1978)
LEGAL QUESTIONS
1. The Value/Cost of endangered
species
-
TVA v. Hill
437 U.S. 153 (1978)
2. The meaning of the term ‘take’
-
Babbitt, Secretary of the Interior v. Sweet
Home Chapter of Communities for a
Greater Oregon 515 U.S. 687 (1995)
Babbitt v. Sweet Home (1995)
J Brende
J&K Hollingsworth
USFWS photo
ENDANGERED/THREATENED
SPECIES IN NEW YORK
ANIMALS
Indiana Bat
Bald Eagle
Green Sea Turtle
Chittenango Snail
Roseate Tern
Dwarf Wedgemussel
Humpback Whale
Eastern Grey Wolf
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Blue Karner Butterfly
Piping Plover
Eastern Puma (Cougar)
Shortnose Sturgeon
Bog Turtle
Finback Whale
Right Whale
Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
ENDANGERED/THREATENED
SPECIES IN NEW YORK
PLANTS
Northern Wild Monkshood
Sandplain Gerardia
Seabeach Amaranth
Leedy’s Roseroot
American Hart’s-Tonge Fern
Houghton’s Goldenrod
Nick Seifert