Transcript 슬라이드 1 - East Asia Watch

Nuclear Energy in Korea
Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade
Ambassador for Energy and Resources
KIM Eun-seok
PartⅠ. Nuclear Energy Overview
1. Current Status of Nuclear Energy
2. Why Nuclear Energy?
PartⅡ. Nuclear Energy in Korea
1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
2. Nuclear Policy
3. Nuclear Industries in Korea
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PartⅠ. Nuclear Energy
Overview
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2
1. Current Status of Nuclear Power
441 Units in Operation (30 Countries)
Europe
Asia
196
N.America
115
122
Africa
2
L.America
6
In operation: 441
Under construction: 58
Planned: 148
Proposed: 331
WNA Projection:
559 operable
reactors in 2030!
Source: World Nuclear Association (Nov 2010)
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1. Current Status of Nuclear Power
Nuclear Power Plants by Country (2010.11)
Units in Operation
Electricity Generation (%)
USA
104
20.2%
France
58
75.2%
Japan
55
28.9%
Russia
32
17.8%
Korea
20
34.8%
UK
19
17.9%
India
19
2.2%
Canada
18
14.8%
Germany
17
26.1%
Ukraine
15
48.6%
China
13
1.9%
Source: World Nuclear Association (Nov 2010)
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2. Why Nuclear Energy?
Uranium: 240 yrs vs Fossil Fuel: 40-130 yrs
Availability
Reserves
Oil
Natural
Gas
Coal
Uranium
42 years
60 years
133 years
241 years
909
Billion Ton
16
Million Ton
164.5
181
Billion Ton Trillion m3
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2. Why Nuclear Energy?
Environmentally Friendly: : Less CO2 Emission
GHGs emitted by power generation
CO2 Emission (g/kWh)
Coal
Oil
Gas
NE
Without NPP …
- Global CO2 emission would be 10% larger than
the current level
- In Korea, 24%↑
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2. Why Nuclear Energy?
Comparative Advantage: Cost, Land & Efficiency
◊ Production Cost: 3~25 times lower than conventional energy
Nuclear
Coal
Hydro
Wind
Oil
LNG
Solar
39.4
40.9
93.6
107.3
117.0
128.3
677.4
※ Unit: KRW/KWH, Source: Korean Electric Power Corporation
◊ Land Site: 5~500 times less
Wind
Solar
Nuclear
33,000,000 m2
165,000,000 m2
330,000 m2
Landsite to produce 1 GWh electricity
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2. Why Nuclear Energy?
Energy Security
Uranium: Widely
spread vs.
Fossil fuel: dependent
on ME & Russia
oil
coal
uranium
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PartⅡ. Nuclear Energy
in Korea
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2
3
1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
Dawning of Nuclear Age in Korea
1950-1953 : Korean War
1958: Nuclear Eng. Dept of Hanyang Univ.
1959: Nuclear Eng. Dept of Seoul National Univ.
1959: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute
The 1st Research
Reactor in Korea,
TRIGA Mark II
The 1st president of Korea in the
ground breaking ceremony
(1959.7.14)
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1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
Generating Nuclear Electricity in Korea
Kori - the site of the 1st Korean NPP :
before (top) and now (bottom).
1st unit of Nuclear
power plant started
its construction
in 1972
Turn Key basis
587MWe
Commercial operation
in 1978
Life extension after 30
years operation
(2007.12)
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Nuclear
Power Plants
1. Development
of Nuclear
Energy in Korea
6th Largest Nuclear Power Capacity in the World
Ulchin
8 units
In operation
`
20 units
(17,716 MW)
Wolseong
6 units
Under
`construction
8 units
(9,600 MW)
Radioactive Waste
Disposal Facility
(Under construction)
Under
planning
`
10 units
(15,400 MW)
Goal by 2030 (Basic Plan, 2008.8)
26%  41% of Capacity
36%  59% of Generation
Kori
8 units
Yong-gwang
6 units
In Operation
Under Construction
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1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
Installed Capacity & Electricity Generation
)
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1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
NPP Development
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1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
South Korean Nuclear Power Units
18
Source: Nuclear News. World List of
Nuclear Power Plants, March 2009
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1. Development of Nuclear Energy in Korea
Korean Nuclear Reactor Systems
4th Phase : Gen IV
3rd Phase : Gen III+
2nd Phase : Gen III
1st Phase : Gen II
Turn-key base
600 MWe
1970s
1980s
Evolutionary
Standardization (KSNP) PWRs
Optimization (OPR1000) - APR1400
- SMART(330MWt)
1,000 MWe
1990s
2000s
2010s
Revolutionary
- SFR : U recycle and
waste minimization
- VHTR : Hydrogen
production
2020s
2030s
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2. Nuclear Policy
National Nuclear Policy
Basic Direction
Promoting Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy
Securing Nuclear Safety
Enhancing Nuclear Transparency
4 Principles on the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy (2004)
No intention to develop and possess nuclear weapons
Adherence to the principle of nuclear transparency
Compliance with the international norms of nuclear nonproliferation
Expansion of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy
Peaceful uses of nuclear energy in all nuclear fields
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Nuclear
Related Government Structure
2. Nuclear
Policy
Nuclear Related Government Structure
President
Prime Minister
Atomic Energy
Commission
Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and Trade
(MOFAT)
Ministry of Education,
Science & Technology
(MEST)
Energy Team
Atomic Energy
Bureau
Disarmament and
Nonproliferation
Division
Korea Institute of
Nuclear Safety
(KINS)
Nuclear Safety
Commission
Korea Atomic Energy
Research Institute
(KAERI)
Ministry of Knowledge
& Economy (MKE)
Energy & Resources
Policy Office
KEPCO, KHNP
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2. Nuclear Policy
Working Mechanism of Safety Regulation
Ministry of Education, Science
and Technology (MEST)
Technical Discussion &
Inspection
Nuclear Industries
(KHNP, etc)
Inspection & Correction
Findings & Improvement
KINS
(Korea Institute of
Nuclear Safety)
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2. Nuclear Policy
Energy Vision 2030
Energy Intensity: 0.341
0.185
Oil Dependence: 43.4%
33%
Renewable Energy Use: 2.4%
11%
Improving Efficiency
Increasing Use of Renewable Energy
Establishing an Effective Energy Market
with Cost-Based Pricing
Expanding and Promoting
Nuclear Power Generation
Elevating Korea’s Green Technologies
to the Advanced countries’ Level
Actively Joining International Efforts
for GHG Reduction
Firm Foundation for Green Energy Tech
Facilitating Carbon Market
Green Transformation in Major Industries
Supporting Businesses for GHG Cuts23
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2. Nuclear Policy
Korea’s Energy Mix 2007 → 2030
Renewable & etc
Nuclear
2.5%
14.9%
LNG
13.8%
Renewable & etc
11.5%
Coal
25.3%
Coal
15.7%
Nuclear
27.8%
Oil
43.4%
LNG
12.0%
2007 : 241millionTOE
2030 : 300millionTOE
83%
27.8%
Oil
14.9%
43.4
Coal 25.3
LNG
’07
’30
61%
33.0
11%
2.4%
Oil
33.0%
15.7
13.8
12.0
’07
’30
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2. Nuclear Policy
Expected Change by 2030
Expanding and Promoting Nuclear Power Generation

8 units under construction, 10 more units by 2030

Installed capacity : 24.4% in 2007 →41% by 2030

Electricity generation : 36% in 2007 → 60% by
2030
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3. Nuclear Industries
World’s Best Operation Performance
KHNP
Capacity Factor
Unplanned Capability Loss Factor
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3. Nuclear Industries
Cost Competitiveness of APR1400
$3,582
$3,050
$2,900
$2,900
KHNP
$2,800
$2,050
Unit Construction Cost ($/kWe)
USA
RUS
JPN
FRA
CAN
KOR
AP1000
VVER1000
ABWR
EPR
ACR1000
APR1400
as of 2008
Overnight EPC Cost
6.86¢
※ Source: World Nuclear News (World Nuclear Association, 2008)
4.65¢
3.93¢
3.17¢
Unit Generation Cost (cents/kWh)
3.71¢
3.03¢
USA
RUS
JPN
FRA
CAN
KOR
AP1000
VVER1000
ABWR
EPR
ACR1000
APR1400
※ Source: Projected Costs of Generating Electricity (OECD/NEA,
2005) 27
3. Nuclear Industries
Korean Nuclear Industry
Regulatory Body
Leading Company
Ministry of Education,
Science & Technology
 Brand Power
 Leading Role
 Financing Capability
Nuclear Safety
Licensing
Inspection
Operation &
Management
Design &
Engineering
 Global Experience
Nuclear Fuel
Maintenance
& Services
Equipment
Manufacturing
Research and
Development
Construction
30 years of repetitive construction fostered competitive domestic suppliers in the entire nuclear cycle
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3. Nuclear Industries
HANARO Reactor
High-flux
Advanced
Neutron
Application
ReactOr
Multi-purpose
Research Reactor
Feb.,
1995
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3. Nuclear Industries
SMART Characteristics
SMART (330MWt)
Loop Type PWR
X
XX
XX
X
• Integrated Primary
System PWR (No
LBLOCA)
• Physically Inherent
Safety Features
• Advanced ManMachine Interface
System
PZR
RCP
SGC
Reactor
Core
Enhanced Reactor Safety by 10~100 times
Water and electricity for 100,000 people
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