Transcript Slide 1

Nutrition
Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011
• Breastfeeding and Infant
and Young Child Feeding
Practices
• Micronutrient Intake
• Nutritional Status of
Children, Women, and Men
• Anaemia
© 2001 Hugh Rigby, Courtesy of Photoshare
Duration of Breastfeeding
Median duration of breastfeeding in months among children born in the last 3 years
25.2
5.3
2.3
Any breastfeeding
Exclusive breastfeeding
Predominant breastfeeding
Exclusive Breastfeeding
• Children who receive only breast milk and no other
foods or liquids, even water, are considered
exclusively breastfed.
• Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first
6 months of life, since breast milk contains all the
nutrients that a baby needs.
• Antibodies in breast milk provide immunity to
disease.
Exclusive Breastfeeding by Age
Percent of children exclusively breastfed
70
55
52
32
0-1
2-3
Age in months
4-5
0-5
Breastfeeding Status Under 6 Months
Breast milk plus
complementary
foods
Breast milk plus
10%
other non-milk
liquids
4%
Breast milk plus
other milk
14%
Not breastfed
2%
Exclusively
breastfed
52%
Breast milk plus
water
19%
IYCF Practices
• The Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices
(IYCF) recommended by WHO:
– Breastfed children over 6 months should also receive 4
or more food groups, at least twice a day, for infants 6-8
months and at least 3 times a day for breastfed children
9-23 months.
– Non-breastfed children should receive milk or milk
products, in addition to 4 or more food groups, 4 times a
day or more.
IYCF Practices
Percent of children 6-23 months
96
95
96
Not fed with all IYCF
practices
Fed with all 3 IYCF
practices
4
5
4
Breastfed
Non-breastfed
All 6-23 months
• Breastfeeding and Infant
and Young Child Feeding
Practices
• Micronutrient Intake
• Nutritional Status of
Children, Women, and Men
• Anaemia
© 2001 Hugh Rigby, Courtesy of Photoshare
Micronutrients and Children
Among youngest child age 6-23
months living with his/her mother
Among children age
6-59 months
53
26
21
13
6
Consumed foods Consumed foods Given vitamin A
Given iron
Given deworming
rich in vitamin A in rich in iron in last supplement in the supplements in medication in last
last 24 hours
24 hours
last 6 months
the past 7 days
6 months
Micronutrients and Pregnant Women
Percentage of women age 15-49 with a child born in the past 5 years
16
6
<1
Received vitamin A dose
postpartum
Took iron supplements for
90+ days
Took deworming
medication
• Breastfeeding and Infant and
Young Child Feeding Practices
• Micronutrient Intake
• Nutritional Status of
Children, Women, and Men
• Anaemia
© 2001 Hugh Rigby, Courtesy of Photoshare
Nutritional Status of Children
Percent of children under 5
Stunted (too short for age)
Wasted (too thin for height)
23
7
3
21
44
10
Moderate
Severe
Underweight (too thin for age)
*Based on the new WHO Child Growth Standards
20
9
29
Stunting by Region
Percent of children under age 5 who are too short for their age (based on WHO standards)
Ethiopia total
44%
49
41
27
22
30
33
36
44
50
51
52
Trends in Nutritional Status of Children
Percent of children under age 5
2000 EDHS
2005 EDHS
2011 EDHS
58
51
44
41
33
12
Stunting (Height-for-age)
12
29
10
Wasting (Weight-for-height) Underweight (Weight-for-age)
Note: Data for 2000 and 2005 are recalculated WHO reference standard to be comparable to 2011 data.
How does Ethiopia Compare?
Malawi 2010
53
DRC 2007
46
Zambia 2007
45
Ethiopia 2011
44
Tanzania 2010
44
Rwanda 2010
44
Uganda 2006
38
Kenya 2008-09
35
Zimbabwe 2005-06
35
Namibia 2006-07
29
Percent of children under 5
stunted (too short for age)
Women’s Nutritional Status
Percent distribution of women age 15-49
Overweight
5%
Obese
1%
Mildly thin
18%
Moderately or
severely thin
9%
Normal
67%
Men’s Nutritional Status
Percent distribution of men age 15-49
Overweight
2%
Obese
<1%
Mildly thin
23%
Normal
60%
Moderately or
severely thin
14%
• Breastfeeding and Infant
and Young Child Feeding
Practices
• Micronutrient Intake
• Nutritional Status of
Children, Women, and Men
• Anaemia
© 2001 Hugh Rigby, Courtesy of Photoshare
Trends in Anaemia in Children
Percent of children age 6-59 months classified as having anaemia
2005 EDHS
2011 EDHS
54
44
28
21
21
20
4
Any anemia
Mild anemia
Moderate anemia
3
Severe anemia
Anaemia in Children by Region
Percent of children age 6-59 months classified as having anaemia
Ethiopia total
44%
63
47
33
35
37
38
51
52
56
69
75
Trends in Anaemia in Women
Percent of women age 15-49 classified as having anaemia
2005 EDHS
2011 EDHS
27
17
17
13
8
3
Any anemia
Mild anemia
Moderate anemia
<1
<1
Severe anemia
Anaemia in Women by Region
Percent of women age 15-49 classified as having anaemia
Ethiopia total
17%
44
35
29
17
9
11
12
19
19
19
19
Summary
• Children are breastfed for a median of 25 months
• Children are exclusively breastfed for 2 months
• 52% of children under 6 months are exclusively
breastfed
• <1% of pregnant women took iron supplements for
90+ days as recommended
• 44% of children are stunted (short for their age)
• 44% of children age 6-59 months and 17% of women
age 15-49 are anaemic