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What Matters??
Ice Cream
Eureka! Molecules in Solids!
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Introduction:
• Believe it or not, the simple process
of making ice cream involves
chemistry!
• Today, you will be making your own ice
cream, while toying around with these
basic scientific principles.
• And yes… you can eat the ice cream!
History of Ice Cream:
• The origin of ice cream is unknown,
though most suspect it was originally
discovered by the Roman emperor,
Nero.
• Runners would carry snow and ice
from the mountains and he would coat
it with fruit and sweet toppings.
• Others believe ice cream was invented
in China and brought to the US and
Europe by Marco Polo.
History of Ice Cream:
• It has been changed and modified over the
years, with many different recipes and ice
cream parlors opening up.
• It is rumored that George Washington once
paid $200 (a whole lotta money back then)
for a secret ice cream recipe.
• In 1846, Nancy Johnson developed and
patented the first hand-crank ice cream
maker.
• Eventually, ice cream became commercialized
and many new stores and entrepreneurs took
advantage of its popularity.
Background Information:
• Remember what we learned about changing
states. Freezing is the change of state
when a liquid turns into a solid.
• Often, a liquid turns into a crystalline solid.
In a crystalline solid, the particles are
arranged in an orderly fashion.
• Salt is also called Sodium Chloride, or NaCl.
This is because it is made up of 1 sodium atom
and 1 chloride atom.
• When you add salt to ice, something
interesting happens. You will be exploring this
idea today.
Purpose:
• After completing this lab, every
student will be able to explain the
concept of state changes.
• Also, every student will be able to
describe the effects of adding salt to
water.
Materials
Zip Lock Bags:
 1 gallon-size
 1 quart-size
 1 sandwich-size
 2 cups of ice
 6 tablespoons of
rock salt (NaCl)
Ice Cream Mixture
• 1 tablespoon of
sugar
• 1/2 teaspoon of
vanilla
• 1/2 cup of whole
milk
Hypothesis:
•
•
•
•
Predict what may happen after
1 min
5 min
10 min
Lab Directions:
In the smaller baggie:
• Mix the milk, the sugar and vanilla
• Seal this baggie TIGHT!
• And then put it into the quart bag
Lab Directions:
• In the large baggie:
• Put ONLY the salt and the ice
Lab Directions:
• Place the sealed smaller baggie into
the quart baggie then put these into
the 1 gallon ice & salt bag.
• Seal the 1 gallon ice & salt bag.
• Roll the baggies, back and forth
over and over until the milk-sugarvanilla mixture becomes hardened.
• Record your ice cream observations
at:
1-5-10 minutes
• Record the temperature in the ice
bag :
• Before rock salt
• After rock salt
• Change (Before minus After)
After the 10 minutes of rolling
• Pull out the quart bag which holds
the smaller milk,etc bag & wipe off
on the towel.
• Pull out the sandwich bag and
record your observations…
• THEN …Enjoy your results!
• Complete your lab analysis questions
& conclusion sentences