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MCW-2
5-chloro-2-(3,4,4-trifluoro-but-3-ene-1-sulfonyl)thiazole
F
N
F
Cl
S
O
S
O
F
A New Proprietary Nematocide
from Makhteshim Chemical Works
Chemistry
1
Proprietary Molecule
Preliminary data available on:
• Toxicology
• Mode of Action
• Spectrum of Activity
Global development project begun in 2008
Joint OECD Review – North America, South America,
Western Europe, Japan
Global registrations expected 2013-2014
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Efficacy and Operational Use
Formulations:
–1.5% Granular
–Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC 48%)
–Slow release formulations (25 CS) under development for drench /
drip application.
Crops:
–
Fruiting Vegetables
–
–
Cucurbits
Potatoes, Tobacco, Bananas
Nematode Targets:
Meloidogyne spp., Rhadopholus spp., Pratylencus spp.
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Activity of MCW2 against Meloidogyne javanica
50
fresh shoot weight (g)
No
M.javanica
A
40
control
30
MCW-2
cadusafos
20
femamiphos
10
0
0
0.25
0.5
1
2
Inoculated
M.javanica
fresh shoot weight (g)
50
B
40
control
30
MCW-2
cadusafos
20
femamiphos
10
0
0
0.25
0.5
1
2
Severity of
Infection
galling index (0-5)
4
C
3
control
MCW-2
2
cadusafos
femamiphos
1
0
0
0.25
0.5
1
2
concentration (mg/l soil)
Chart 1. shoot fresh weight tomato plants grown in soil not inoculated (A)
and inoculated with Meloidogyne javonica (B).
Diagram C shows the severity of infection of tomato roots on a scale of 0-5.
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MCW2 in Crop Protection
Acts as a true nematocide - kills nematodes thru contact with
the product.
This is a significant difference in comparison with all other
non-fumigant nematocides (P-ester, carbamates) which
only inactivate nematodes as long as the active ingredient
is present.
High level of efficacy against root-knot nematodes
(Meloidogyne spp.)
–
–
–
–
Good residual activity
Clear dose response
Less variable than standards
New mode of action
Good crop safety after soil incorporation
Root systemic
No insecticidal effects
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Paralyzed nematodes (%)
paralyzed nematode (%)
24 Hr
Exposure
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
paralyzed nematodes (%)
Nematocidal activity of MCW2 against Meloidogyne javanica
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
MCW-2
cadusafos
fenamiphos
0.5
48 Hr
Exposure
2
4
8
concentration (mg/l)
MCW-2
cadusafos
fenamiphos
0.5
24 Hr
After
Wash
1
1
2
4
8
concentration (mg/l)
MCW-2
cadusafos
fenamiphos
0.5
1
2
4
8
concentration (mg/l)
Cahrt 2. % of paralyzed larva of Meloidogyne javonica after exposure to nematocides for 24h(A), 48h(B). And 24h
after wash by water (C).
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Suggested GAP
480 EC:
•Pre application 1.5 – 2 kg. a.i per ha.
•Post application (depend on residues results and efficacy
trials) 1 – 1.5 kg. a.i. per ha.
•Crops – Vegetables, Potatoes, Flowers, Bananas and
others.
GR 1.5%
•Pre application 2 – 2.5 kg. a.i. per ha. Mainly for the
Japanese market.
•Crops - Vegetables, Potatoes, Flowers
Plan to finalize in 2008.
Acute Toxicology
Toxicology:
Acute oral, rat
LD50
Dermal, rat
LD50
Inhalation, rat
LC50
Subchronic feeding, rat
>500 mg/kg
>4000 mg/kg
>5058 mg/m3 air
NOAEL 4.3 mg/kg
Mutagenicity
Developmental Tox
Negative in pilot tests
No prohibitive results in pilot
studies (rats, rabbits)
Eye irritation (rabbit)
Skin irritation (rabbit)
No irritant effect to the eye
No irritant effect to the skin
Skin sensitization (MT in guinea pigs) + Sensitizer
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Efate & Ecotox
Ecotoxicology:
No prohibitive findings regarding beneficial and
non-target organisms (no insecticidal activity).
Environmental Fate:
Moderate soil degradation and soil absorption.
Low leaching potential expected.
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Nematocide Products Comparison
Trade Name
MCW2
Active
ingredient
Chemical
class
fluoroalkenyle
US
registration
Namacur
Temik
Videte
fosthiazate
fenamiphos
aldicarb
oxamyl
Organophospha
te
Organophospha
te
carbamate
carbamate
ISK
BIOSCIENCES
CORPORATION
BAYER CORP
BAYER
CROPSCIENCE
LP (Cancelled
in Europe on
7/21/05)
E. I. Du
Pont
Acute oral tox
(LD50)
Between 500
and 1,000
mg/kg
73 mg/kg (M)
51-64 mg/kg
(F)(Category
II)1
2.7 mg/kg (M)
3.0 mg/kg (F)
(Category I)2
0.8 mg/kg3
(Category I)
5.4 mg/kg 5
(Category
I)
Acute dermal
(LD50)
> 4,000 mg/kg
2396 mg/kg( M)
861 mg/kg( F)1
(Category II)
225 mg/kg (M)
178.8 mg/kg
(F)2
(Category I)
20 mg/kg/day,
water
5 mg/kg,
propylene
glycol3
(Category I)
2960
mg/kg5
(Category
III)
Acute
Inhalation
(LC50)
LC50>5,058
mg/L
0.83 mg/L(M)
0.56 mg/L(F)1
(Category III)
LC50 = >0.1
mg/L2
(Category II)
LC50 < 0.007
mg/L3
(Category I)
0.12-0.17
mg/L5
(Category
II)
Irritation
Non irritant eye
and skin
Mildly eye
irritating; nonskin irritating 1
Mildly eye
irritating; nonskin irritating 2
No irritation
at lethal dose
Mildly eye
irritating;
non-skin
irritating 4
Positive1
Negative2
Negative
New ai ; no RED
IRED
IRED is
scheduled
3/2007
Dermal
sensitization
Others
1
Nemathorin
Positive
2 EPA Fenamiphos IRED (2002)
EPA Fosthiazate RED Fact Sheet (2004)
5 Extoxnet oxmyl
oxmyl IRED (2000)
4 EPA
3
3
3
Negative4
IRED 2000
EPA aldicarb HED and EFED Chapter (2006)
Nematocide Products Comparison, cont.
Ecotoxicity
Trade Name
MCW2*
Active ingredient
Nemathorin
Namacur 2
Temik 3
Videte
fosthiazate
fenamiphos
aldicarb
oxamyl
1
4
Chemical class
fluoroalkenyle
Organophospha
te
Organophospha
te
carbamate
carbamate
Birds
Non toxic
Highly toxic
Highly toxic
Very highly
toxic
Acutely
toxic
Freshwater fish
Low
Non toxic
Highly toxic
(also its
degradates)
Very highly to
moderately
toxic
Toxic
Freshwater
Invertebrates
Moderate
Acutely highly
toxic
Highly
toxic(also its
degradates)
Highly toxic
Highly toxic
Honey bee
Not toxic
Highly toxic
(acute basis)
Highly toxic
Highly toxic
Moderately
to high
toxic
Wild mammals
n.a.
n.a.
Highly toxic
Very highly
toxic
Acutely
toxic
Earthworms
Non toxic
Highly toxic
Highly toxic
low
low
Bioaccumulation10
low
* Bayer BYI 1921 Early Development Nematocide
moderately
Major Global Markets and Current Major Products
that MCW2 could replace (Preliminary information)
USA - ALDICARB, CHLOROPICRIN, DICHLOROPROPENE, ETHOPROPHOS, FENAMIPHOS, OXAMYL,
METAM SODIUM, CADUSAFOS, FOSTHIAZATE, METHYL BROMIDE
Canada -
The Canadian Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA) has extended the use of
American Vanguard's granular organophosphate insecticides, Thimet 15G (phorate) and Counter
15G (terbufos), until 2012. The extended phase-outs are necessary because of the lack of alternative
products to control wireworms (Agriotes spp) in potatoes and sugar beet, respectively, the PMRA
points out.
Japan - CADUSAFOS, Oxamyl, Carbosulfan, Pyraclofos enfuracarb, Fosthiazate,
Dazomet
Brazil - ALDICARB, CADUSAFOS, CARBOFURAN, DAZOMET, TERBUFOS
Europe – 1,3- DICHLOROPROPENE, ALDICARB,
METAM SODIUM, CADUSAFOS, FENAMIPHOS,
FOSTHIAZATE, METHYL BROMIDE
Africa – As above
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Regulatory Plan and actions
Regulatory study program underway
OECD review planned and coordinated
Discussions held with regulatory bodies:
– EPA, Ireland, Japan, Canada, Brazil
Will present to the OECD Joint Review Committee
in Paris (Nov 6th)
First Global registrations anticipated in 2013-2014
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