Transcript Document

Dedipya Kumar Jain
Y10UC102
-India
is also called as the “land of rivers”.
-The
rivers of india play a great role for
indians.
- The rivers are considered holy by all Hindus
in the country.
All major rivers of India originate from one
of the three main watersheds:
1. The Himalaya and the Karakoram ranges.
2.Vindhya and Satpura ranges and Chotanagpur
plateau in central India.
3.Sahyadri or Western Ghats in western India.
There are several rivers in India such
as
Ganga,Satlej,Yamuna,Brahamputra,Kr
ishna, Kaveri,Tapti etc.
Let’s see about some important
rivers1.GANGA
Ganga rises in the western himalayas
The
story of the Ganges, from her
source to the sea, from old times to
new, is the story of India's civilization
and culture, of the rise and fall of
empires, of great and proud cities, of
adventures of man…
Originating in the frozen heights of
the Himalayas, the river travels 1,600
miles across the teeming plains of the
subcontinent before flowing east into
Bangladesh and from there it spills
into the Bay of Bengal.
*Cities with most polluted Ganges water
-Kanpur
-Mirzapur
-Varanasi
-Allahabad
-Patna
- When Ganga flows from highly populous areas
the Ganges collects large amounts of human
pollutants such as faecal coliforms and
Schistosoma mansoni.
'Development' and 'Progress' have left
our rivers stinking
-The water there contains 60,000 faecal
coliform bacteria per 100 ml, 120 times the
official limit of 500 faecal coliforms/100ml
that is not considered safe for bathing.
-The efforts have been made for removing
this condition, There is some improvement
also.
-In December 2009 the World Bank agreed to
loan India US$1 billion over the next five years
to clean up the Ganges and to make it
pollution free.
•Works under National River
Conservation Plan
-Interception and diversion of sewage
-sewage Treatment plant
-Low cost sanitation
-River Front Development
-Public participation and awareness
-The Yamuna is the largest tributary river
of Ganga in northern India.
-It originates from the Yamunotri Glacier
at a height 6,387 mtrs., on the south
western slopes of Banderpooch peaks in the
Lower Himalayas.
-It travels a total length of
1,376 kilometers before merging with the
Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Allhabad, the
site for the Kumbha Mela every twelve
years.
-Just like the Ganges, the Yamuna too is highly
holy in Hinduism and worshipped as goddess
Yamuna.
- In Hindu Mythology she is the daughter of Sun
God, Surya and sister of Yama, the God of
Death, that’s why it is also known as Yami.
-According to popular legends, bathing in its
sacred waters frees one from the scare of
death.
There are three main sources of pollution in
the river:
1.Households
2.Municipal disposal sites
3 chemical wash-off from fertilizers,
herbicides, and pesticides
-According to one official it describes the
river as a ‘sewage drain’ with ‘Biochemical
oxygen demand’ values ranging from 14 to
28 mg/l and high coliform content.
- Due to high density population growth,
rapid industrialization, today Yamuna is one of
the most polluted rivers in the world.
Yamuna river waters that enter
the NCR region
YAMUNA WATER POLLUTION
ENVIRONMENT INDIA DELHI
-The government of India has spent nearly
$500 million to clean up the river.
- Indian government over the next five years
has made plans to rebuild and repair the
sewage system and the drains that empty into
the river.
- To address river pollution, certain measures
of cleaning river have been taken by the
Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF)
Japan loan to improve the water quality of
the Yamuna:
The total cost of the Yamuna Action Plan
Project-III is estimated at Rs.2,240.53 crore, of
which Japan has committed to providing
Rs.1794.66 crore.
-The Brahmaputra is a trans-boundry river
and one of the major rivers of Asia.
- Its origin in southwestern Tibet where it
flows across southern Tibet to break through
the Himalayas.
- The river is an important source for irrigation
and transportation.
-Today one of the major problem of
Brahmaputra is its pollution. The Brahmaputra
which drained the North-East India contains
almost 30% of countries total Water Resources.
- But Brahmaputra is used to flush untreated
rural, urban, municipal and industrial wastes.
-When Chinese Premier visited India in midDecember last year, one of the issues on which
his stand was keenly anticipated was that of
the hydropower and dam construction on the
Brahmaputra in Tibet or china.
- China is supposed to have planned on the
river, one gigantic project stands out. This is
the 40,000 MW hydropower and diversion
project at the Great Bend on the river just
before it enters India.
Conclusion….
• The most important question is that
can clean up drive become
successful without the contribution
of citizens? In our country, India we
all assumes that it is duty of
government to do everything. If
government agencies failed to do
something, should not we take our
own initiative and put our efforts to
complete the project.
It is almost impossible to make the
Rivers clean, till we all wake up. It
is the prime duty of indian citizens
to help the government to save
Rivers. Only then Rivers clean up
drive can achieve its goal.
'Obviously, there is need for great
involvement of citizens' groups and
volunteers