Transcript Document

Preparation of Ganga River Basin
Management Plan
&
Its Implementation
G N Kathpalia
Paritosh Tyagi
October 2010
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VISION
To sustain Flow of Water throughout the year for
Healthy Ecological Conditions
To manage not only the main Ganga River but also the
Basin consisting of many Tributaries
Protection of Forest and Agriculture Land along with
Ground Water
Preventing Pollution and enhancing Water balance
between Surface and Ground Water
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OBJECTIVES
1. To regard river Ganga as a living entity encompassing
the aquatic life, bank vegetation and people dependent
on the river
2. To include environmental, ecological and cultural
aspects in assessing the appropriateness of a
development plan, programme or project
3. To consider discharge of sewage, treated or otherwise,
as objectionable as defecation in the river
4. To maintain lateral and longitudinal connectivity in the
body of the river, i.e., no stretch of the river will be
allowed to go dry at any time
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POLICY
To utilize the existing hydro-electric projects and reservoirs for increasing
the base flow in the river
To appropriately share the work at various levels of government, viz.,
centre, state, district and panchayat, and involve people at all stages of the
programme
To examine in detail the water demand for various purposes and the
manner of meeting it, with a view to avoid any additional diversion of
water from the surface sources
To maximize recycling of treated effluent for industrial use and in airconditioning
To augment storage of water mainly through recharging ground water with
due safeguards for water quality and manageable variation in ground
water level
To avoid rather, than compensate for, adverse impact on project-affected
persons
To provide for disposal of anticipated effluent and solid wastes, generated
by any new project, away from the river
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STRATEGY 1
Promote inter-sectoral integrated comprehensive planning and
management. The setup required at the central level, state level
up to the panchayat/community based organisation is given in
annexure A
Prevent deforestation and reform agricultural practices so that
soil erosion and consequent sedimentation in the river and
reservoirs are minimized
While planning will be done by state for each major tributary
basin with the guidance of center. Implementation will be
carried out by the existing state department, monitored by the
State River Basin Organisation
Strengthen the institutions involved in the programme through
capacity building and structural modifications
Jurisdiction of water resource managers may be demarcated
with reference to the boundaries of river basin and sub-basins
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STRATEGY 2
Community-based organizations, such as watershed
management associations, water users associations,
joint forest management committees and resident
welfare associations, will be created (if not existing
already) and empowered to be able to function
effectively
Promote the use of bio-fertilisers and bio-pesticides
in preference to chemical fertilizers and pesticides in
agriculture
On-site sanitation programme may be encouraged,
especially in rural and sub-urban areas
Public opinion may be built against immersion of idols
into rivers
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National Ganga River Basin Authority
(NGRBA)
A Nodal Organisation Representatives of Ministries
Development to ensure effective abatement of
Pollution and Conservation of River & Tributaries
To maintain Ecological flows
Prevent encroachment on the bed and floodplains of
the river and ensure sanitation along the banks
Catchment area treatment to control inflow of
sediment
See Chart 2
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Chart - 1
GANGA RIVER BASIN BOARD
(Policy, Planning, Management & Monitoring)
E-in-C / Principal Secretary
RAM GANGA RIVER BASIN
1 WING/RBO
RIVER BASIN
2 WING
RIVER BASIN
3 WING
Water Supply
Sanitation
Energy
EXPERTS (SENIOR LEVEL)
Economist
Social
Scientist
Agriculture
Irrigation
Environment
& Forestry
Information
Collection and
Assessment
Industry
EXPERTS (JUNIOR LEVEL)
Hydro
Urban
SIA
Rehab.
People’s
Participation
Treatment Panchayat
Municipality
Major
And
Medium
Irrigation
Minor
Irrigation
and
Watersheds
Thermal
Rural
EIA
S. Forestry
Renewable
Energy
Prevention Recycle
of Pollution & Reuse
Pisciculture
Remote
Sensing
Information &
Data Analysis
* Each State will have a Ganga River Basin Wing for each of the major river basins of which the state forms a part. Each River Basin Wing will
have under it a range of engineers and experts from different disciplines, to deal with the different aspects of water resources management in the
basin in an integrated manner.
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Chart - 2
NATIONAL GANGA RIVER BASIN AUTHORITY
STANDING COMMITTEE
Ganga River Basin Assembly
(EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE) (Chair by rotation of each state - of State Cabinet Minister Rank)
Ganga River Basin Organisation (GRBO)
(Chair - Technical / Professional expert of Chief Secretary Rank)
Members (from different states and representative of Centre)
(Chief Engineer level from different disciplines)
Information
Collection,
Assessment Analysis
& Forecasting
(Quantity &
Quality, rainfall,
groundwater plus
Surface Water)
Integrated
Planning for
the Basin
& approval
of projects
Allocation &
Monitoring
of Water Resource
Allocations to
different states/ sectors
(including environment)
of development & states
the River Basin
River &
Flood Mgmt.
Drought Mgnt.
(including
integrated
operation of
major Dams in
Finance &
Administration
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Action Plan
Take up one tributary in each state which is most polluted and draw up
a detailed plan of management so that clean water goes into the
Ganga. In the case of UP, river Ramganga or river Gomti may be taken
up as they are highly polluted
One small town on the bank of any tributary or Ganga with a
population of 1 to 1.5 lakh should be identified to prepare management
plan and get it executed through the local municipality (ULB).
The involvement of the public and the training of the staff of the
municipality would have to be taken up so that only clean water goes
into the river within two years
A few projects of GAP I, and GAP II to be identified and their design,
planning and management plan be prepared and executed
Upgrading skill of operators of aforesaid facilities
Initiate co-ordination mechanism with an understanding that such
arrangement may be modified as more knowledge is gained about the
problems and as more experience is gained regarding effectiveness of
co-ordination
Keep on exploring ways in which more ground water can be recharged,
but with due safeguards for water quality
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Research and Studies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
To examine the extent to which the base flow in the river
can be increased by manipulating the consumption of
water and recycling of used water
To evolve arrangements for increasing the role of
Panchayati Raj Institutions and Community-based
Organisations in the management of rivers and their
basins
To determine the quantity of environmental flow for
various reaches of the river
To have strict control over deforestation and to improve
soil conservation and aforestation
The research topics which would be useful in the long
term in connection with the Ganga River Basin Plan
should be identified and suggested to PhD students and
for Thesis to MS students. This would help both the
students and the faculty members to choose applicable
topics
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REVENUE
We should also give suggestion for generating
revenues through recycling for agriculture and
industry, generation of biogas and energy,
pisciculture, entertainment, recreation, sports,
tourism at various places, at least for covering the
cost of operation and maintenance and small repairs
by the O & M agency of the GRBMP concerned in the
state. Through entertainment, recreation, sports,
tourism at various places
Due to increasing population and pollution, even the
ghats for bathing and religious rituals and other
religious ceremonies could be spread out in
consultation with the religious heads
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