R&D on Airborne Surveillance in Japan - As another end of trajectory -

Shigeru Ozeki, ENRI

Contents

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Japanese Airspace

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Special considerations Possible ASA in Japan

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Expected benefit R&D Activities in Japan

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Issues and some results of trials and simulations Future plan by JCAB Future plan for ENRI R&D

Japanese Airspace : The Bundling Point

East end of Eurasia Continent ® JCAB, MLIT, JAPAN Parallel Air routes aligned to in-line islands Shared by international and domestic FLTs Stabilized flow to hub AP by ATFM Dep. Con.

Earthquake, Volcano, Typhoon and Unstable wind Turbulence by monsoon and high mountain Airports on the shore with small and complex airspace FUKUOKA FIR Oceanic Airspace w/o GS

Traffics in Japanese Airspace

2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1985 Average rate of growth from 2005 to 2017 (Estimated) Overflights 4.0% International Flights 2.9% Domestic Flights 2.0% 598 167 Overflights 1005 （100） 79 1162 （111） 115 331 755 258 222 668 716 Total 1399 （139） 1542 （153） 184 154 470 420 International Flights 1637 （163） 223 521 825 888 Domestic Flights 893 533 431 About 1.7 times of traffic 1768 （176） 270 600 898 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year 2010 2012 2015 2017 2020 2022 2025 2027 2030 Data from JCAB, MLIT, JAPAN

Possible ASA in Japan

Mitigation of the effect by local break down of ATM     Falling into disorder by natural and artificial reasons Less tolerant bundling airspace propagates the breakdown Improvements of ATM supports first, but not enough  Low quality of input info. (When earthquake will happen ?) Expectation to ASA with “ new separation mode ”  Shorter cycle time of ASA may permit shorter separation     Wider tolerance is expected by shorter separation standard No-action or less action C&P have less damage for trajectory ITP, ITF and ITM will give more options in oceanic airspace Less workload will give more chance to recover from disorder Flexible Local Tactics may help global strategy

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Possible ASA in Japan

Throughput, Fuel Efficiency and Mitigation means Needs to support the future traffic in Japanese airspace   To increase the throughput of airspace, especially in hub area To improve the fuel efficiency and to reduce flight time Higher throughput and fuel efficiency by ASA, for example,      ASA in oceanic airspace ( ITP ) Gate-to-gate optimization including en-route ( ITM ) Less separation at crossing for less impact to trajectory( C&P ) M&S without waiting circle for ATFM environment Less workload by task sharing with GSA ( Cluster control & ITF ) ASA to mitigate the risk  Basic improvements of situation awareness ( ATSA )  Possible improvements with graphic HMI CPDLC for ASA with CDTI & ATM compatible ACAS as another layer for safety-net

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AS R&D in Japan: ENRI

From Radio Engineering to System Studies Developments of BCAS since early ’ 70   Toyocom-ENRI projects with ATCRBS signals before mode S Toyocom-BCAS laid part of foundations of ACAS and TCAS Contribution to ACAS standardization in ICAO    Flight test for signal compatibility in Japan Evaluating ACAS algorithm for its compatibility with airspace Operational monitoring activities Studies on ASA in addition to CAS applications    Onboard measurement for 1030/1090 signal environment ADS-B experiments Exchanges at ICAO/ASP, RFG, ADAS-DUG and ASAS-TN

Issues on 1090 Signal Environment

Unexpected transmissions may degrade 1090 MHz environment Missing to detect this pulse MTL S. Ozeki, et. al. : "WG-A Discussions on Reply Failure to Low Power Interrogations", SCRSP/WG-B/WP/B9-13, October, 2005

R&D in Japan: FHI

 For ATM compatible aircraft by SUBARU

Fuji Heavy Industries, Aerospace Company

  M ulti C lustered A ir traffic M anagement (Pat. Pend)    Viewing Aircraft as dynamic clusters Applications of optimal algorithm to trajectory search Integrate ASA with trajectory control (S&M, VSA, ITF?)

Presentation at ADAS-DUG meeting, Sep. 09

  Cooperated ASA/GSA with MCAM reduces   HDG-CHG inst.

FLT time in heavy traffic condition by 10-40 % in almost all condition by 10 % Works will be needed to improve the simulation model

R&D in Japan: KHI-FURUNO Joint trial with Kawasaki BK-117

Domestic ASA for Rescue mission and Doctor-heli. trials Transceiver & Processor Display Data link Antennas GPS Antenna GPS Data link System

JAXA : NOCTARN (2001-2005)

Research Objectives • Construct self-organized trajectory-based operations system for small aircraft, and demonstrate by flight experiment with multiple aircraft.

Operations Concept • Based on shared state vector and intent (trajectory), approaching traffic are self-sequenced and separated without controller.

• The CDTI finds conflict-free trajectory and advices pilots. Once the trajectory is assigned, ref-speed is advised to keep separation.

Traffic Symbol Ownship Information of Focused Traffic Landing Sequence

JAXA : NOCTARN: Flight Test Results

Trajectory is modified to avoid excessive bank angle by wind Wind calm Calm North wind North Wind

Future plan in Japan : JCAB

   Words at ICAO meeting on SESAR and NextGEN, Sep. 2008 “ Japan is ready to work with others in expectation of ICAO ’ s leadership ” “ Japan is undergoing a development phase of Long term Roadmap of Future Air Traffic Systems in 2025 to complete in 2010.

” “ Process involves stakeholders of operators, academy, manufacturers, research institutes as well as JCAB, based upon the ICAO Global ATM Operational Concept.

” 2010 2025 Planning Implementations & Evaluations ATM operation

Future plan for ENRI R&D on ASA

JCAB 2010 Planning Implementations & Evaluations 2025 ATM operation To support JCAB at planning and control of signal usage incl. AS 2010 Prep.

Mainly for ATSA ENRI To develop RSP and to support ICAO SARPs standardization To support the development for ASA/ATM compatible ACAS Mainly for ASPA Signal Environment Measurement and Estimation 2022 ASA for ATM Monitoring and Improvements ?

Monitoring and Improvements ?

Conclusion

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“Japan is ready to work proactively with others in expectation of ICAO’s leadership” (JCAB) “Japan is undergoing a development phase of Long-term Roadmap of Future Air Traffic Systems in 2025 to complete in 2010”(JCAB)

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R&D activities are undergoing in Japan to prepare for ASA for domestic special mission and for global ATM implementation