Transcript Green Purchasing Institute

Purchasing
for
Climate Protection
Green Schools Summit 2008
Anaheim, CA ● December 8, 2008
Alicia Culver
Green Purchasing Institute
[email protected]
Global Temperatures Rising
Source: NASA Goddard
Institute for Space Studies,
January 11, 2008
Source: Washington State Dept of
Ecology;
www.ecy.wa.gov/climatechange/effe
cts.htm
How do products have
climate change impact?
Energy needed to manufacture product
Energy consumed using product
GHGs released by product during use
End-of-life GHG emissions
– when product is landfilled,
incinerated, recycled
Transportation
Transportation Sector
= Largest GHG Emitter
Accounts for ~1/3 of all
CO2 emissions nationwide
Source: Energy Information Administration,
www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/flash/flash.html
Sustainable Bus Fleets
Sustainable Biofuels?
Roundtable on
Sustainable Biofuels
is developing an
international
standard:
http://cgse.epfl.ch/pag
e65660-en.html
Key criterion:
Sustainable biofuels
reduce
GHGs (measured
using consistent
criteria)
Slow Transport
Transportation by ship is most efficient
Rail Freight is a close second
Road Transport: 4X more CO2 than Rail)
Air Freight is worst:
6X more CO2 than road; 30X > rail
Local Purchasing
Win Win
Reduces GHG emissions in the
transport sector
Strengthens local economy by creating
“green” collar jobs and increasing tax
revenue
Facility Energy Use
Buildings account for:
• 70% of electricity consumption
• 39% of energy use and carbon dioxide
(CO2) emissions
Source: US Department of Energy; http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/ChartView.aspx?chartID=1
Energy-Efficient
Lamps and Ballasts
Reduce mercury from power plants
Decrease # of lamps needed to light spaces
Specify “Super T8s” (SPX, XPS, High-lumen),
T5s and “extra-efficient” ballasts
Set minimum efficiency (lumens/watt) CRI (80+)
Eliminate inefficient lamps, ballasts & fixtures from
contracts (T12, mercury vapor, circular T9s)
LEDs
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Exit signs
Traffic signals
Parking lot lights
Hallway lighting
Elevator lights
Replacements for pin-based CFLs
Task and track lighting
Underwater lighting for pools
Pathway lighting (outdoor lighting)
Holiday lighting
Exit Signs
Incandescent light bulbs
Inefficient: use about 40 watts
Bulbs last about 3000 hours (~4-6 months)
Fluorescent lamps
More efficient than incandescent (5-15 watts)
Contain mercury (5-30 mg)
Bulbs last about 7,500 -10,000 hours (9-12
months)
LEDs
Even more efficient (<1-5 watts)
Bulbs last up to 100,000 hours (up to 10 years)
Self-luminescent
Use no energy
ENERGY STAR-rated
Products List
Appliances: washers, dishwashers, refrigerators, etc.
Heating and cooling equipment: furnaces, boilers, air
conditioners, fans, etc.
Lighting equipment: compact fluorescent lamps, fixtures, exit signs,
traffic signals, etc.
Office equipment: computers, copiers, printers, etc.
Electronics: telephones, TVs, DVD players, etc.
Miscellaneous: food service equipment, vending machines, windows,
etc.
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bulk_purchasing.bus_purchasing
Federal Energy
Management Program
US Dept of Energy’s FEMP runs an Energy Efficient
Products Program to help purchasers identify and
calculate the life-cycle costs of highly-efficient
energy-using products, including:
HVAC equipment
 Windows
 Electric motors
 Office equipment
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Appliances
Roofing
Lighting technologies
Water-using devices
See: www.eere.energy.gov/femp/technologies/eeproducts.cfm
Appliances
Commercial ENERGY
STAR Appl ian ce
Hi-Tem p Conveyor Dishwa sher
(400 ra cks/day )
Hot Food Holdi ng Cabi n et(20
ft3, 15hou rs/da y )
V endi n gMachin e (600 can,
w ith softwar e)
R efriger a tor (44 ft3)
Ice Ma ch ine
Wa ter Cool er (hot/col d w a ter )
Cl othes Washer (1 8 loads per
w eek)
Li f etime
(years)
Li f etime
CO2
reduct ion
(lbs)
Li f etime
energy u se
reduct ion
(kWh)
Net
Li f etime
Sa vings
($)
20
600,000
380,000
$20,000
12
1 71,000
111,000
$6,183
14
38,000
25 ,000
$1 ,795
12
8
10
22,056
20,000
5,500
14,369
1 3,0 00
3,600
$688
$61 8
$265
10
7 30
474
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Assumptions: 1 unit each, electricity rate $0.09/kWh, water rate
$4.158/1000 gal, gas rate $1.1/therm
Data based on ENERGY STAR calculators from
http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bulk_purchasing.bus_purchasing
EPEAT
Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool
Environmental specifications for computers:
23 required and 28 optional criteria across 8 categories
Meet standards for ENERGY STAR (required)
Renewable energy accessory available (optional)
www.epeat.net
Printers, Copiers,
Scanners & Faxes
ENERGY STAR models use ~1/2 energy of standard models
EPEAT imaging equipment standard in development
Order with duplex function and network capable
(instead of individual machines)
printer
scanner
copier
fax
all-in-one
vs.
Purchase All-in-One units when possible
A single ENERGY STAR multi-function device will reduce ~320
pounds of CO2 over 6 years
Renewable Energy
Procurement Decisions
• Type: Solar, wind, biomass, hydro, etc.
• On-site versus offsite generation
• Small scale versus large scale
Water & Energy Linked
Water-related energy use consumes 19% of California’s
electricity, 30% of its natural gas
“The nation’s water & energy use are inextricably
entwined. Energy is needed to pump, treat, transport,
heat, cool, and recycle water.”
(California Energy Commission)
Running hot water for 5 minutes
= 60 watt bulb for 14 hours
Water conservation saves energy at ~60% of cost of
energy conservation
Source: California Energy Commission,
http://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-700-2005-011/CEC-700-2005011-SF.PDF
Water Sense Label
• Third-party tested and meet EPA’s efficiency
specifications
• WaterSense certifications exist or are in development for
the following product categories:
– Bathroom sink faucets (certified for efficiency and adequate flow)
– Landscaping irrigation services (certifies professionals)
– New homes
– Showerheads (in development)
– Toilets (certified for performance and efficiency)
– Urinals (in development)
– Weather- or sensor- based irrigation control
technologies
(Source: http://www.epa.gov/watersense/)
GHGs from Food
Production Systems
What matters most is
how food is produced
83% of GHG emissions
are production related
Methane from beef and dairy production
11% from transportation
Reducing Municipal “Foodprint”
Change practices of cafeterias, concessions, vending
machines, special events, other food service operations
Purchase less red meat and dairy; increase chicken,
pork, fish, eggs and veggie proteins
Buy organic and/or sustainably grown food
Buy local, seasonal, fresh,
unprocessed food;
avoid air freighted food
Reduce bottled water and
other packaged goods
Reduce food waste; compost whenever possible
Paper Calculator
www.edf.org/papercalculator/
EPA’s Recycled Content
(ReCon) Tool
Calculates energy benefits and GHG
emissions reductions from purchasing
products with recycled content
Available both as a web-based calculator
and Microsoft Excel spreadsheet
www.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/
waste/calculators/ReCon_home.html
Metric for Recycled Plastic
One ton of CO2 equivalent is
eliminated when purchasing:
4 hexagon-shaped recycled
plastic benches (98%
postconsumer waste)
15 recycled plastic park
benches with backs (98%
postconsumer)
100 recycled plastic, 96gallon wheeled yard waste
carts (25% postconsumer)
~25% of trees (by volume) are cut to
manufacture paper products
Larger trees can better sequester/fix CO2
FSC certifies/lists paper products and
building supplies that are derived from
sustainably managed forests
Many products contain recycled content
See www.fscus.org/about_us/
GHGs from Janitorial
Maintenance Products
Pressurized “air” dusters often
contain chlorodifluoromethane,
a potent GHG
Alternatives include mini
keyboard vacuums
and squeezable bulbs
Some aerosol products contain
CO2 as a propellant
How to Pay for
Energy-Efficient Products
Life-cycle budgeting
Revolving loans
Utility rebates
Energy conservation
service agreements
Grants
Cooperative purchasing
Bright Schools Program
Operated by the California Energy
Commission, offers free technical
assistance to publicly-funded K-12
schools to:
– Conduct energy audits
– Review equipment specifications
– Evaluate design plans and proposals
www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/brightschools/index.html