Transcript Sexual & Asexual Reproduction - ESC-2

Types of
Reproduction
• We will be focusing on genetic material
and how it is passed from parent to
offspring.
• All living things pass on their traits to
offspring but there are two different types
of reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
• Reproductive process that only requires
one parent so the offspring gets 100% of
its genetic material from that parent
– offspring are identical to the parent (clone)
– most microscopic and unicellular organisms
can reproduce asexually
– A few plants and animals can use this
method
• Also called:
– Binary fission, budding, regeneration
Aesexual Reproduction
• Only requires one
parent
• No sharing of
genetic material
• Offspring is
identical to parent
• No diversity
Asexual Reproduction
Parent (tall)
Tt
offspring (tall)
Tt
offspring (tall)
Tt
offspring (tall)
Tt
offspring (tall)
Tt
Examples of Asexual
Reproduction
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protists
fungi
hydra
ferns
starfish
bacteria
Sexual Reproduction
• Reproductive process that requires two
parents and offspring receive 50% of
their genetic material from each parent
– Offspring are different from either parent
– Most multicellular organisms reproduce
sexually
Sexual Reproduction
• Reproduction that
involves two
parents
• Genetic material is
combined
• The offspring are
different from either
parent
• Leads to more
diversity
Sexual Reproduction
Parent (tall)
Tt
Parent (tall)
Tt
Fertilization (combined genetic material)
offspring (tall)
TT
offspring (tall)
Tt
offspring (tall)
Tt
offspring (short)
tt
Parthenogenesis
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Organisms that can reproduce asexually
and sexually
The female can give birth without a male
aphids
snails
some plants
hammerheads
starfish
Kimodo dragon
Hermaphroditic Reproduction
Organisms that can reproduce asexually
and sexually
they have male and female sex organs or
they can switch sexes
– snails
– slugs
– most plants
– some fish
– earthworms
Type of
Reproduction
Sexual
Asexual
Parthenogenesis
Hermaphroditic
Reproduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
* more genetic diversity
* can adapt and change
* easier to evolve
* expend energy looking
for a mate
* length of gestation
* usually occurs faster
* don’t have to find a mate
* reduces genetic
mutations
* no new genetics
* no diversity
* limited evolution
* usually occurs faster
* don’t have to find a mate
* reduces genetic
mutations
* no new genetics
* no diversity
* limited evolution
* usually occurs faster
* don’t have to find a mate
* reduces genetic
mutations
* no new genetics
* no diversity
* limited evolution