Transcript لا يوجد عنوان للشريحة - Suez Canal Authority

Suez Canal Authority
1859
1869
1882
1914
1940
1954
Suez Canal
1956
1975
1980
1994
1996
2002
2008
Figures & Photos
SC in the History
Suez Canal Authority
• 1887 BC Canal of the Pharos - Sesostris ( Senusret III )
• 1310 BC Canal of the Pharos - ( Seti I )
• 610 BC Canal of the Pharos - ( Necho )
• 510 BC Canal of the Persians - ( King Darius )
• 285 BC Canal of the Ptolemans - ( Ptolemy II )
• 117 AD Canal of the Romans - ( Trajan )
• 640 AD Canal of Arab ‫ ( ـ‬Emir El-Mo’ meneen )
Canal of Sesostris
Linking the two seas through the Nile
branches
Days to Remember
• 17/11/1869
• 26/7/1956
• 15/9/1956
• 29/10/1956
• 10/4/1957
• 5/6/1967
• 6/10/1973
• 5/6/1975
• 16/12/1980
Suez Canal Authority
Inauguration of the Suez Canal
Nationalization of the Suez Canal
Withdrawal of foreign pilots
Closure of the Suez Canal ( 1956 War )
Reopening the Canal following the Suez War
Closure of the Canal ( 1967 War )
October War
Reopening the Canal after October War
The Canal Development Project ( First Stage )
Digging of the SC (1)
Suez Canal Authority
• First Concession Agreement - 30 November 1854
• Founding the Suez Canal Company -15 December 1858
• Start of digging - 27 April 1859
• End of digging works - 12 August 1869
Digging and sand removal works
First digging works
Digging of the SC (2)
Suez Canal Authority
Volume of excavation
74 million cubic meters of sand
Digging Costs
369 million French Francs
( 14 million Egyptian Pounds )
Digging Costs
369 million French Francs
( 14 million Egyptian Pounds )
Digging works at Ismailia
Peoples worked in the digging
1.5 million
Peoples lost their lives
120,000
Laborers during the digging
works
Stages of Digging
Suez Canal Authority
(1)-18 March 1862
)1(
Mediterranean waters had flowed into Lake Timsah
)2(
(2)- 18 March 1869
Mediterranean waters had reached the Bitter Lakes
)4(
(3)- 15 August 1869
)3(
Red Sea waters had reached the small Bitter Lakes
(4)- 18 August 1869
The two seas had been linked
SC Inauguration Ceremony
Suez Canal Authority
Opening Ceremony in Egypt (1)
17 November 1869
Ceremony’s attendances
6000 Dignitaries
Main Stage for high-ranking Dignitaries
Ceremony’s Cost
LE 2 million
Dinner banquet in Ismailia
SC Inauguration Ceremony
Suez Canal Authority
Opening Ceremony in Egypt (2)
Hundreds of tents, a luxurious palace,
an opera house
and
more than 77 vessels & boats on Lake Timsah were at the disposal of the
honored guests
SC Inauguration Ceremony
Suez Canal Authority
Opening Ceremony in Egypt (3)
State delegates
who attended the Ceremony
Guests of
the Inauguration Ceremony
Development of the Waterway
1869
1956
At
Present
Description
Overall
length
Km
164
175
190.3
Doubled
parts
Km
-
29
78
Canal depth
M
10
14
22.5
Permissible
max.
draught
Ft
22
35
62
Permissible
max. size of
laden ship
1000
DWT
5
30
220
Suez Canal Authority
Night traffic started on
1st March 1887
Suez Canal Authority
Convention of Constantinople
Suez Canal Authority
19 October 1888
( Guaranteed Right of Passage of all Ships through the SC )
It was signed by Great Britain, Germany, Austro-Hungary,
Spain, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, and Turkey
Persons in the History of SC
Suez Canal Authority
Before the Digging of the Present Canal
The Pharaoh
(Senusret III) 610 BC
Persian King
(Darius) 510 BC
Ptolemy II
285 BC
Roman King
(Trajan) 117 AD
Persons in the History of SC
Suez Canal Authority
During the Digging of the Present Canal
Said Pasha,
De Lesseps
(1805-1894)
Viceroy of Egypt
(1863-1854)
Khedive Ismail
(1863-1879)
Egypt’s Rulers & Kings before 1952
Suez Canal Authority
Viceroy Said
Khedive Ismail
Khedive Tewfiq
Khedive Abbas Helmi II
( 1854 – 1863 )
( 1863 – 1879 )
( 1879 – 1892 )
( 1892 – 1914 )
Sultan Hussain Kamel
King Fouad I
King Farouk I
( 1914 – 1917 )
( 1917 – 1936 )
( 1936 – 1952 )
Egypt’s Presidents after 1952
Mohammed Naguib
( 1952 – 1954 )
Anwar Al-Sadat
( 1970 – 1981 )
Suez Canal Authority
Gamal Abdel Nasser
( 1954 – 1970 )
Hosni Mubarak
( 1981 – 2011)
SC Chairmen
Suez Canal Authority
( Before the Nationalization of the SC - 26 July 1956 )
De Lesseps
( 1855 – 1894 )
Jules Guichard
( 1894 – 1896 )
Charles Jonnart
) 1913 – 1927 )
Louis de Vogüé
( 1927 – 1948 )
Prince Auguste-Louis-Albéric
( 1896 – 1913 )
François Chales -Roux
) 1948 - 1956 )
SC Chairmen
Suez Canal Authority
( After the Nationalization of the SC - 26 July 1956 )
Dr. Helmi Bahgat Badawy
( 1956 – 1957 )
Eng. Mahmoud Younis
( 1957 – 1965 )
Eng. Mashhour A. Mashhour
( 1965 – 1983 )
Eng. M. Ezzat Adel
( 1984 – 1995 )
Admiral Ahmed Fadel
( 1996 – 2012)
Admiral M. Mameesh
( 2012– Present )
Doubled Parts of the SC
1)- Port-Said Bypass ( 27 km - Dug in 1980 )
2)- Ballah Bypass ( 10 km - Dug in 1955 )
3)- Timsah Bypass ( 4 km - Dug in 1980 )
4)- Difresoir & kabreet Bypass ( 27 km - Dug in 1980 )
Suez Canal Authority
Suez Canal Authority
Events and Wars
(1)- British Occupation of Egypt
13 September 1882
• Tel El-Kebir battle was the beginning
of the British occupation of Egypt
which lasted for 72 years
•
Orabi deceived by the promise of
De Lesseps that the canal not be used
for war purpose, had opposed the idea
of closing the canal to protect Egypt
against British Occupation
Tal El-Kebir Battle
Events and Wars
Suez Canal Authority
(2)- War 1956
29 October 1956
The Israeli attack
31 October 1956
The British / French attack
1 November 1956
Interruption of the navigation
SC remained under Egypt’s
stewardship for 99 days
from it’s nationalization
to the closure due to the war
23 December 1956
Egypt retrieved Port Said
( Victory Day )
Events and Wars
Suez Canal Authority
(3)- War 1967
World economy sustained
a loss of US$ 7 Billion
SC was closed for 8 years
( 5 June 1967 to 5 June 1975 )
Suez Canal Authority building in Port Said
Events and Wars
Suez Canal Authority
(4)- War 1973
Egyptian flag hoisted on
Bar Lev fortified line
Egyptian soldiers overrun the
ramparts along the Canal
Second re-opening of SC
Suez Canal Authority
( 5 June 1975 )
A note commemorating the
re-opening occasion
Re-opening ceremony
in Port-Said
Dates of SC closures
Suez Canal Authority
• 5 Days In August 1882 during the British aggression on Egypt
• 76 Days During the world war II
• 4 Days ( 31/12/1954 - 4/1/1955 ) - Tanker’s collision with Ferdan bridge
• 159 Days ( 2/11/1956 - 10/4/1957 ) - The tripartite aggression on Egypt
• 8 Years ( 5/6/1967 - 4/6/1975 ) - Following the 1967 war
• 3 Days ( 7/11/2005 - 9/11/2005 ) - when a vessel grounded at km 62
Traffic Statistics
Suez Canal Authority
1869
1956
2008
No of vessels
104
3 291
22 000
Net Ton
81 000 Ton
107 M. Ton
900 M. Ton
Toll Revenues
FF 1.3 Million
US$ 39 Million
US$ 5 Billion
SC Share of World
Seaborne Trade
10 %
Saving in Distance via SC
Rotterdam
Via Cape
11 169 mile
Via SC
6 436 mile
Ras Tanura
From
To
Saving
N. Miles
%
Lavera
966
57
Rotterdam
7334
42
Jeddah
Pireas
8879
88
Singapore
Rotterdam
6473
29
Ras Tanura
Suez Canal Authority
Traffic System
Suez Canal Authority
• Three convoys / day ( 2 Southbound & 1 Northbound )
N2
• Pilotage is compulsory in the Canal
( 4 Pilots are assigned for each ship throughout its trip
N1
in the Canal )
• Permissible speed is 13 - 14 km / hr
• Time interval between vessels is 10-16 min
• Average transit time is 12 - 15 hrs
or 2 - 3 km
S
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