Transcript Chap 8 - Cardinal Newman

Naming Ionic and Covalent
(molecular) Compounds
NAMES OF IONS

Metal ions have the same name as the element
 Sodium
atoms
 Aluminum atoms

sodium ions
aluminum ions
Nonmetals ions have same root as the
element, but add –ide as a suffix
 Chlorine
atoms
 Sulfur atoms
chloride ions
sulfide ions
BINARY IONIC COMPOUNDS
Contain 2 different elements
Name the metal ion first, then the nonmetal
ion (with –ide).
Use name of a metal with a fixed charge
Groups 1, 2, 13, 14
and Ag, Zn,
Examples:
NaCl
sodium chloride
ZnI2
zinc iodide
Al2O3
aluminum oxide
LEARNING CHECK 1
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds:
Na3N
_________________________
KBr
_________________________
Al2O3
_________________________
MgS
_________________________
SOLUTION 1
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds:
Na3N
sodium nitride
KBr
potassium bromide
Al2O3
aluminum oxide
MgS
magnesium sulfide
TRANSITION METALS – VARIABLE CHARGE
Most form 2 or more positive ions
1+
2+
Ag+ Zn2+
silver
ion

1+ or 2+
Cu+, Cu2+
zinc
ion
2+ or 3+
Fe2+, Fe3+
copper(I) ion iron(II) ion
copper (II) ion iron(III) ion
2+
4+
Sn2+
Sn4+
tin (II)
Pb2+
Pb4+
lead (II) lead (IV)
tin (IV)
NAMES OF VARIABLE IONS
-Use a roman number after the name of a metal
that forms two or more ions
-Transition metals and
the metals in groups 14 and 15
FeCl3
(Fe3+) iron (III) chloride
CuCl
SnF4
PbCl2
Fe2S3
(Cu+ )
copper (I) chloride
(Sn4+)
tin (IV) fluoride
(Pb2+)lead (II) chloride
(Fe3+) iron (III) sulfide
LEARNING CHECK 2
Name the following compounds:
A. CaO
1) calcium oxide
2) calcium(I) oxide
3) calcium (II) oxide
B. SnCl4
1) tin tetrachloride
2) tin(II) chloride
3) tin(IV) chloride
C. CuO
1) copper (I) oxide
2) copper (II) oxide
3) copper oxide
SOLUTION 2
Name the following compounds:
A. CaO
a) calcium oxide
B.
SnCl4
b) tin (IV) chloride
C.
CuO
c) copper (II) oxide
LEARNING CHECK 3
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds with variable metal ions:
FeBr2
iron (_____) bromide
Cu2O
copper (_____) oxide
SnCl4
___(_____ ) ______________
Fe2O3
________________________
CuS
________________________
SOLUTION 3
Complete the names of the following binary
compounds with variable metal ions:
FeBr2
iron ( II ) bromide
Cu2O
copper ( I ) oxide
SnCl4
tin (IV) chloride
Fe2O3
iron (III) oxide
CuS
copper (II) sulfide
POLYATOMIC IONS
A group of atoms with an overall charge.
NH4+
ammonium
OH-
hydroxide
NO3-
nitrate
CO32-
carbonate
HCO3-
hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)
SO42- sulfate
Nomenclature of ternary ionic compounds
Some polyatomic anions that you
must know:
NO3
-
= nitrate
SO4 2 - = sulfate
PO43- = phosphate
CO32- = carbonate
HCO31- = hydrogen
carbonate
OH-
= hydroxide
CH3COO- = acetate
CN-
= cyanide
NAMING TERNARY COMPOUNDS



Contain at least 3 elements
Name the nonmetals as a polyatomic ion
Examples:
NaNO3
Sodium nitrate
K2SO4
Potassium sulfate
Al(HCO3)3
Aluminum hydrogen carbonate
Nomenclature of binary ionic compounds
Naming salts composed of the polyatomic ions is the same as with the
monatomic anions. Metal name then polyatomic name.
NaOH
sodium hydroxide
H2SO4 hydrogen sulfate
Ba(NO3)2 barium nitrate
CsNO3
cesium nitrate
KHCO3 potassium hydrogen carbonate
Note: the polyatomic anions must be memorized.
Name the following ionic compounds:
NaHCO3
K2SO4
Ca(OH)2
(NH4)2CO3
Ca(CH3COO)2
Zn(NO3)2
KCN
Fe3(PO4)2
Li3PO4
CuNO3
Nomenclature of ternary ionic compounds
Answers:
NaHCO3
= sodium hydrogen carbonate
K2SO3
= potassium sulfite
Ca(CH3COO)2
= calcium acetate
KCN
= potassium cyanide
Fe3(PO4)2
= iron (II) phosphate
Ca(OH)2
= calcium hydroxide
NH4CO3
= ammonium carbonate
Zn(NO3)2
= zinc nitrate
Li3PO4
CuNO3
= lithium phosphate
= copper (I) nitrate
LEARNING CHECK 6
Match each set with the correct name:
A.
Na2CO3
1) magnesium sulfite
MgSO3
2) magnesium sulfate
MgSO4
3) sodium carbonate
B.Ca(HCO3)2
CaCO3
Ca3(PO4)2
1) calcium carbonate
2) calcium phosphate
3) calcium bicarbonate
SOLUTION 6
A.
B.
Na2CO3
Mg(NO3)2
1) sodium carbonate
2) magnesium nitrate
MgSO4
3) magnesium sulfate
Ca(HCO3)2 1) calcium bicarbonate
CaCO3
2) calcium carbonate
Ca3(PO4)2 3) calcium phosphate
LEARNING CHECK 7
A. aluminum nitrate
1) AlNO3
2) Al(NO)3 3) Al(NO3)3
B. copper(II) nitrate
1) CuNO3
2) Cu(NO3)2
3) Cu2(NO3)
C. Iron (III) hydroxide
1) FeOH
2) Fe3OH
3) Fe(OH)3
D. Tin(IV) hydroxide
1) Sn(OH)4
2) Sn(OH)2
3) Sn4(OH)
SOLUTION 7
A. aluminum nitrate
3) Al(NO3)3
B. copper(II) nitrate
2) Cu(NO3)2
C. Iron (III) hydroxide
3) Fe(OH)3
D. Tin(IV) hydroxide
1) Sn(OH)4
NAMING BINARY COVALENT
COMPOUNDS
Two nonmetals
 Name each element
 End the last element in -ide
 Add prefixes to show more than 1 atom (no mono if only
1 atom of 1st element)
Prefixes
mon(o)
1
hexa
6
di
2
hepta
7
tri
3
octa
8
tetra
4
nano
9
penta
5
deca
10
LEARNING CHECK 4
CO
carbon ______oxide
CO2
carbon _______________
PCl3
phosphorus _______chloride
CCl4
carbon ________chloride
N2O
_____nitrogen _____oxide
SOLUTION 4
CO
carbon monoxide
CO2
carbon dioxide
PCl3
phosphorus trichloride
CCl4
carbon tetrachloride
N2 O
dinitrogen monoxide
LEARNING CHECK 5
A. P2O5
1) phosphorus oxide
2) phosphorus pentoxide
3) diphosphorus pentoxide
B. Cl2O7
1) dichlorine heptoxide
2) dichlorine oxide
3) chlorine heptoxide
C.
1) chlorine
2) dichlorine
3) dichloride
Cl2
SOLUTION 5
A. P2O5
3) diphosphorus pentoxide
B.
Cl2O7
1) dichlorine heptoxide
C.
Cl2
1) chlorine