Transcript Intro to Terrain Analysis

MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis
Rev. 10 Oct 2005
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis Defined
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The collection, analysis, evaluation, and
interpretation of geographical information
on the natural and man-made features of
the terrain combined with other relevant
factors to predict the effect of terrain on
military operations. (FM 1-02 Operation
Terms and Graphics)
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis--Relevance
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Used during the OPORD
process
Conducted during the METT-TC
phase of the Troop Leading
Procedures (TLPs)
Uses the acronym OCOKA to
identify and evaluate the effects
of terrain and weather on all
military operations
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis--OCOKA
O bservation and Fields of
Fire
C over and Concealment
O bstacles
K ey Terrain
A venues of Approach
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKA
Observation and Fields of Fire
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Observation is the ability to see the threat
either visually or through use of surveillance
devices.
Fields of Fire are areas that a weapon or
group of weapons may effectively cover with
fire from a given position.
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
Observation & Fields of Fire
Rev. 10 Oct 2005
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKA
Cover and Concealment
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Cover is protection from the effects of
direct and indirect fires.
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Concealment is protection from
observation.
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
Cover and Concealment
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKA
Obstacles
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An obstacle is any obstruction
designed to disrupt, turn, fix or block
the movement of an opposing force in
order to impose additional losses to
personnel, time and equipment.
Obstacles can be natural or manmade,
or a combination of both
Obstacles are classified as existing
and reinforcing
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Purpose/Effects of Obstacles
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Disrupt—upsets the enemy’s formation, tempo,
timetable, and forces him to commit forces
prematurely and attack in a piecemeal fashion
Fix—prevents the enemy from moving any part
of his force from a particular location for a
particular period of time
Turn—forces the enemy from one avenue of
approach or route onto another
Block—denies the enemy access to an area or
prevents his advance along a direction or
avenue of approach
Rev. 10 Oct 2005
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
Obstacles
Rev. 10 Oct 2005
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKA
Key Terrain
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Any locality or area of which the seizure,
retention, or control affords a marked
advantage to either combatant.
Decisive Terrain—Key terrain whose
seizure, control, or retention is
mandatory for mission success
Seize versus secure Key Terrain
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
Key Terrain
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
OCOKA
Avenues of Approach
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An air or ground route of an attacking force
of a given size leading to its objective or to
key terrain in its path
Mobility Corridor - Areas where a force will
be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They
allow military forces to capitalize on the
principles of mass and speed
Routes and Infiltration Lanes—more defined
course to be traveled, may or may not be
along a mobility corridor
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Classification of Terrain
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Unrestricted terrain
Restricted terrain
Severely restricted terrain
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
Classify Terrain
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Terrain Analysis
Effects of Weather & Light
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OCOKA
Troops
Vehicles
Equipment
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
How weather effects military operations
Rev. 10 Oct 2005
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Check on Learning:
How weather effects military operations
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MSL 202, Lesson 3a: Intro to Terrain Analysis
Questions?
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