Transcript Brazil: Society, Culture, Media, Politics and Economics

Heitor Villa-Lobos
Karita Mattila: Aria from Bachianas Brasileiras no. 5
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uWd17zMvoO0
Brazil: A world within
Miguel López
2015
América Latina
Brazil
Portugal - Spain
Treaties
Treaty of Alcáçovas 1479
1481
Portugal: Azores, Madeira, Cape Verde
Castilla: Canary Islands
Portugal: South Canary Islands  Africa
Inter caetera
1493
Treaty of Tordesillas 1494
Pope Alexander VI
World: Western part exclusive to Spain
and the east part to Portugal.
Treaty of Zaragoza
Asia
1529
Treaty of Tordesillas
Portugal- Vasco da Gama
Pedro Álvares Cabral
Pedro Álvares Cabral
22.4.1500
King Manuel I of Portugal.
An expedition to India.
13 ships left on March 9,
1500, following the route of
Vasco da Gama.
On April 22, 1500, he sighted
land (Brazil), claiming it for
Portugal and naming it the
"Island of the True Cross.“
Brazil (pau brasil)
Cabral stayed in Brazil for 10
days and then continued on
his way to India
Portuguese Empire
Pau Brasil (Brazilwood)
Slavery
SUGAR CANE
Portuguese cultivate sugar on
the east coast of Brazil.
Growing number of sugar
plantations demanded more
workers.
Amerindian population had
become smaller.
Labor shortage  import
slaves from Africa into Brazil
to work on the plantations.
ECONOMY, PERIODS
1. timber (Pau Brasil) in the first
years of colonization
2. sugarcane in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries
3. precious metals (gold) and
gems (diamonds) in the
eighteenth century;
4. coffee and cattle in the
nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries.
5. land rich in natural
resources principally iron ore,
bauxite, manganese, nickel,
uranium, gold, gemstones, oil,
and timber.
A case: Soybean
Branqueamento
Brazil  one of the last countries to
end the slave trade and slavery.
The Brazilian economy depended on
African slave labor.
1850: Brazil abolished the trade in
slaves in 1850
1888: All slaves in Brazil were set free.
Racial discrimination.
Branqueamento = Whitening  to
make the people of Brazil more white,
and less black.
Brazil did not allow non-Europeans
into the country.
Cultural branqueamento.
Tiradentes (1746 - 21.4.1792)
José Joaquim da Silva Xavier
Decline of the sugar industry in the 17th century Portuguese colonizers
operating on the coast of Brazil go inland they found gold and diamonds
Photo: Sebastiao Salgado, 1986
Gold Mine of Serra Pelada, Federal State of
Para.
Cattle & Coffee
Getulio Vargas - Juscelino Kubitschek - Luiz Inácio ”Lula” da Silva
In 1889 Brazil became a Republic and
introduced a new Constitution.
The first 30 years were marked by the
politics of “Coffee with Milk”, a
reference to the states of Minas Gerais
and São Paulo (respectively producers
of dairy and coffee), which took turns
governing Brazil.
In 1930, led by Getúlio Vargas, the
country embarked on a new industrial
and urban development model. Basic
human rights and workers’ rights were
implemented  The New State
From 1960, Juscelino Kubitschek made
good on his campaign promise to build
a brand new capital, Brasilia, and
achieve “50 years of development in 5
years”
QUEREMISMO 
“Love as a principle and
order as the basis; progress
as the goal“
(Auguste Compte)
Juscelino Kubitschek
1956-1961
BRASILIA
Brasilia - Oscar Niemeyer
João Goulart 1961-1964
Reformas de Base
Strong state intervention in the economy.
Education reform: Paulo Freire method (Sorrettujen
pedagogiikka, Pedagogia do oprimido, Pedagogy of the
Oppressed). Prohibited the operation of private schools.
15% of the income produced in Brazil would be directed
to education.
Tax reform: control of profits transfer by multinational
companies with headquarters abroad  the profit
should be reinvested in Brazil. Income tax would be
proportional to personal profit.
Land reform: properties larger than 600 hectares would
be expropriated and redistributed to the population by
the government.
Urban reform: people could own only a single house.
Those who had more than one urban property would
have to donate them or sell their properties at low
prices.
Military government 1964-1985
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
2003-2010
LULA DA SILVA
DILMA ROUSSEFF
Pais Tropical - Sergio Mendes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18u-SNiICUk
Moro num país tropical abençoado por Deus e bonito por natureza.
Em fevereiro, tem carnaval, e tenho um fusca e um violão.
Sou flamengo e tenho uma nega chamada Tereza
Sambaby , Sambaby posso não ser um band leader, pois é.
Mas lá em casa todos issos tipos me respeitam, pois é.
E essa é
a razão da simpatia, do poder, e da alegria.
Joe Carioca
José Carioca -
Zé Carioca
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRz-M30PcEU&feature=related
Violence in Brazil is criminal rather than political?
Favelas: Rocinha
Manaus
AMAZON
The Sambadrome (Sambódromo)
Jorge Amado (1912-2001)
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1978
Bahia
Latin american boom
Jubiabá (1935)
Modernism (= no
realism)
• Magic realism = blends
magical or fantastical
elements with reality
Yes, we can!
Samba Dance - Learn how to dance samba
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W551R1h_LKA
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeitinho