Transcript Coalition on Drift Minimization

Application Concerns
for Control of
Invasive Species
‘A focus on Equipment & Calibration’
Changes in the Application Industry!
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Historically inefficient process
Increased cost of pesticides
Product rates are changing (< an ounce/acre)
More pest specific products
Biotechnology and GMO’s (Roundup Ready, Bt’s)
More sophisticated equipment (electronics) $$$
Farmers doing there own spraying????
Variable rates
Site-specific
Focus on Drift
Productivity
The application
triangle
Off-site protection
Efficacy
Equipment cost today?
How much do these machines cost?
Equipment cost today?
How much do these
machines cost?
Automated Systems
• Injection
• Multiple position nozzles
• Multiple chemicals
Application Equipment
Manual Sprayers
– Compressed air
Easy Spray Valve
– Knapsack
CF Valve
Application Equipment
Power Hydraulic
Sprayer
– Low-pressure
– High pressure
Sericea Lespedeza Control
Sprayer Components:
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Tanks (contamination issues)
Pump, Strainers, Agitation
Pressure gauge
Hoses, Flow control assemblies
Electronics: monitors-computerscontrollers (GPS/GIS)
• Distribution system
• Nozzles!!!!!!!!!
Types of Pumps:
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Roller Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Diaphragm Pump
Piston Pump
Peristaltic Pump (Squeeze
or hose pump – chemical
injection)
Nozzle Technology? How to use??
• Nozzles designed to reduce drift
• Improved drop size control
• Emphasis on ‘Spray Quality’
NOZZLE TYPES:
FLAT SPRAY
–Extended Range Flat-Fan
–Turbo Flat-Fan
–Drift Reduction Flat-Fan
–Turbo Flood
–Off center Flat-Fan
Spray Characteristics are Important
Demonstrates Turbo Flat vs TurboDrop-5 MPH Wind
Is this tip good or bad?
Off-Center Venturi Flat-fan
Boom Buster
XP BoomJet
Boom Extender:
Aerial Applications
The CP STRAIGHT STREAM NOZZLE
Nozzles are important because:
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Control the amount – GPA.
Determine uniformity of application.
Affects the coverage.
Influences the drift potential.
1. Control the
Amount applied:
Nozzle Flow Rate is
affected by:
• Orifice size
• Pressure
• Solution characteristics
Page 15
Nozzle Selection Chart:
Pages
9, 12
Calibration!!!!
Ensuring that the spray output is
what it is supposed to be!
#$!@&%!
GPA=
5940
Calculations
Calibration/Nozzle Selection:
• What is the first step?
• Use label to select the
– application volume
– product rate
• Choose an appropriate
travel speed
• Effective width of application
– nozzle spacing
• Calculate GPM – Flow rate
per nozzle
• Select the correct size of
nozzle!
Flow rate equation
GPM 
GPA x
MPH x W (in)
5940
or
GPA x MPH x SW(ft)
GPM 
495
Page 173 – TeeJet Guide
(5940/12” = 495)
Example:
You are going to spray a pasture using a boomless
nozzle at a rate of 20 gallons per acre. The
sprayer is travelling 5 MPH and has a 15 foot (180
inches) swath width per nozzle.
1. What is the correct flow rate?
2. Which XP TeeJet nozzle would you choose and
at what psi?
Calculate Nozzle Flow Rate
GPM 
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x
?
495
x?
x 15
20 x 5
GPM 
495
1500
GPM 

495
3.0
Answer
XP BoomJet:
Page – 32, 33
Measuring Ground Speed
Ground Speed - Miles Per Hour (MPH)
Distance(ft) x 60
Speed(MPH) 
Time(seconds) x 88
Where traveling 88 ft. in 60 seconds = 1 MPH
Doubling the ground speed reduces
the output by 1/2.
Hand Sprayer Calibration
Spraying to the point of runoff
“Dilute”
• product added to each gal. or 100 gal.
• uniform coverage-dripping from leaves
• time and gallons per tree/1000 sq. ft.
Technique
important!!
Calibration Procedure
Steps:
– Mark off a calibration course of 1000 sq. ft.
– Accurately measure the time required to spray
the calibration course using a proper technique.
Remember only record the amount of time the
gun is actually spraying.
– Measure the flow rate from the gun. Using the
time recorded in step 2, spray into a calibrated
container for that same length of time.
– Amount in the container represents the
application rate per 1000 sq. ft.
Hand Spray Guns: cont.
Example:
It took 50 seconds for an applicator to spray the
1000 sq. ft. calibration course. The amount of
spray collected from the gun in the 50 seconds
was 1.4 gallons.
The application rate for this example is:
1.4 gallons per 1000 sq. ft.
or
61 gallons per acre (43.56 x 1.4)
Thursday: Sprayer Workshop
• Discuss hand sprayers – show examples
• Discuss hose end sprayers on flat bed
truck.
• Calibrate hose end sprayer using a 500
sq. ft. area.
• Discuss big spray truck and boombuster
nozzle setup.
• Demonstrate boombuster and collect
patterns.