Transcript Document

Voltimum Technical seminar
New Fire Safety Order
Implications for the Emergency Lighting Systems
Presented by Chris Watts Cooper Lighting and Security
Chairman of British Standards CPL 34/9 Code of Practice (BS 5266)
CPL 34/2/2 Emergency Luminaires (BS EN 60598-2-22)
CEN
CEN 169 Working group 3 (EN 1838 & pr EN 13032-3)
CENELEC
BTTF 62/8 Central Battery systems (EN 50171)
Emergency Lighting Application (EN 50172)
IEC Lumex ELP Luminaires & Auto. Test (IEC 60598-2-22 & 62034 )
IEC Wiring Reg. CEI 60364-5-5664-MT34 Wiring for safety services
Trade Association ICEL Technical committee chairman
Vice Chairman BFPSA training committee
Fire Safety Order - Implementation Oct 06
Main pointsFire certificates cease to have any effect.
Responsibility for complying with the Fire Safety Order
will rest with the 'responsible person'. In a
workplace, this is normally the employer or any
other person having control of the premises, e.g. the
occupier or owner.
The responsible person must carry out a fire risk
assessment focusing on the safety of all people on
the premises.
The assessment must include an action plan to use
appropriate fire precautions to compensate for the
risks in the building.
Steps for a Risk Assessment
The responsible person (normally the employer) MUST
perform a risk assessment.
1 Identify fire hazard- sources of ignition- fuel- work processes
2 Identify the location of people at risk
3 Evaluate the risks
Check existing fire safety measures are adequate
Fire detection & means of escape, including emergency
lighting
Maintenance and testing of fire precautionsCarry out any improvements needed
4 Record findings and action taken
Prepare emergency plan and train employees
5 Keep assessment under review and revise for changes.
Fire Safety Guides - E L Requirements
Emergency Escape Lighting- In premises with
internal escape routes or which are used during
darkness including early darkness on winter
days then emergency lighting is likely to be
required.
In larger more complex premises it is likely that
automatic emergency escape lighting will be
needed for all escape routes.
Checklist -Are your premises used during periods of
darkness?
The installation of an emergency escape lighting
system should be carried out by a competent
person in accordance with BS 5266-1 and-8
Implications for emergency lighting
No.
05
620
Fire precautions act Fire Safety Order
Fire Certificate
Risk Assessment
No requirements
Must comply but no
written record needed
No requirements
except for sleeping
risks above 6 people
20 + Fire certificate
required
From Fire Authority
Must comply, with a
written record and reports
from competent engineer.
Self certification with audit
by Fire authority.
Premises to old standards prior to 2005
Previous legislation was not retrospective so existing
fire precautions and certificates may not be
adequate. Risk assessment must consider the risks
based on current recommendations and standards
not those that applied when the building was
constructed.
Hotel built in 1970 no lights in open
areas, unchecked levels in corridors
Hotel built in 2007 0.5lux in open
areas - 1 lux in corridors
Removal of fire certificates & the statutory bar
Likely changes that may be needed to
Emergency Lighting Systems
Typical 1970 Premises
Escape routes poorly
engineered to 0.2 Lux Min
Open Areas not covered or
to 1 Lux Average
Testing facilities –
not provided
Luminaires & C. Systems
not 3rd party certified
2007 Premises
Escape routes correctly
engineered to 1 Lux Min
Open Areas covered to
0.5 Lux Minimum
Appropriate testing
facilities provided
Luminaires to BS EN
60598-2-22
C. Systems to EN 50171
Implications of the Legislation
• Many smaller premises will now have to install
fire precautions
• Many older premises will now have to improve
and upgrade their fire precautions.
• They will now need to be able to ensure that
their testing is kept up to date.
• Systems need repair quickly after failure to limit
the time temporary safety procedures are used.
• The ‘responsible person’ needs to use trained
‘competent persons’ to conduct their system
design and installation.
• The guide directs people to the latest issue of
BS 5266 for emergency lighting systems
Changes to BS 5266-1 in Dec 2005.
The Code of Practice is an umbrella document for
relevant emergency lighting standards
The requirements for cinemas and similar
establishment are now included – replaces CP1007
Consultation - takes account of the risk assessment
Exit signs - where occupants are unfamiliar with the
building, maintained operation should be considered
The requirements for toilets are clarified
Luminaires are now referred to BS EN 60598-2-22
clarifying parts of the luminaire to be fire resistant.
Format of completion and test certificates now updated
CP 1007 Application Changes
CP 1007
Mains healthy or mains
failed
- All emergency lights fully
maintained
BS 5266-1 2005
Mains healthy- Whatever
maintained lights are needed for
safe operation
Mains failed- Escape routes (i.e.
the aisles) to EN 1838
Note This only applies to premises
with seats fixed to the floor
Lighting Levels – Escape routes
Escape Routes, Verified values are given in ICEL
Authenticated Photometric Data Spacing tables
0.5+0.5 = 1 Lux
1 Lux to
wall
Transverse
spacing to wall
Transverse
spacing
Between fittings
6.3.3 - BS 5266-1:2005
Illuminances and response times for open areas are
given in BS EN 1838:1999/BS 5266-7:1999, 4.3.
It requires 0.5 lux minimum anywhere in the central
core of the floor area. This core area excludes the
0.5m to the perimeter of the area.
The shadowing effects of movable objects in the core
area are excluded.
Under table excluded
Round fixed pillar included
Wall of room
0.5 meter border
excluded from
requirements
Central core requiring
0.5 Lux minimum
6.6 - BS 5266-1:2005
The luminance of escape route signs is specified in
BS EN 1838:1999/BS 5266-7:1999, Clause 5.
The risk assessment should identify the premises
where this is important to make the exit signs
maintained to be conspicuous if evacuation is
needed while the mains is healthy
The product standards BS EN 60598-2-22 checks that
the illumination levels are adequate
Minimum luminance of any part of the
signboard 2 cd/m2
The ratio of maximum to minimum
luminance of any area of either colour of
the sign shall not be greater than 10:1
The ratio of luminance between white
and adjacent colour shall be between 5:1
& 10:1
6.6 Emergency Signs Viewing Distance
as BS 5266 pt 7 / EN 1838
H (Height of panel)
D (Distance from sign)
Internally illuminated Maximum D less than 200 x H
Externally illuminated Maximum D less than 100 x H
Note the Guide also requires Photoluminescent
signs to have Emergency Lights illuminating them
7.4 - BS 5266-1:2005
Provision of reliable emergency escape lighting is
essential. The illumination by the emergency escape
lighting system of a compartment of the escape route
shall be from two or more luminaires so that the failure
of one luminaire does not plunge the route into total
darkness or make the directional finding effect of the
system ineffective. For the same reason two or more
luminaires shall be used in each open area
This clarifies the previous edition of BS5266-1 6.3 which
said that a consideration should be given to
eliminating hazards from the failure of a single lamp
Toilets and changing facilities
Emergency lights-needed E. lights not needed
If above 8 m2 floor area
(2 needed)
If no windows (1 needed if
less than 8m2 )
If the facilities are smaller
than 8 m2 floor area and
have natural daylight
available
Facilities for disabled(1
needed if less than 8m2 )
Or if they are single
facilities for the able bodied
or are part of a hotel suite.
Standards upgrade to support risk assessments
Experience of designing systems to protect hazards
identified by risk assessments has identified that
emergency lighting can fulfil a very useful function
beyond the normal protections of escape routes.
Protection of those particularly at risk from disabilities
or from their location.
To protect those who must conduct or complete actions
in a supply failure
To provide sufficient illumination to enable tasks related
to safety activities to be conducted.
BSI is developing a standard to give advice on values.
Identify fire hazardKitchens
Sudden failure of lighting
while staff are cooking hot
food is potentially
dangerous, currently these
areas need an emergency
light over the extinguisher
but guidance should be
given as to the light level,
response and duration times
of emergency lighting over
the area for hot food
preparation and evacuation
routes
Identify people at risk
• Treatment areas
Currently the requirement
is for the light level needed
to evacuate the premises
on escape routes we are
now considering the light
level, response and
duration times of
emergency lighting of first
aid rooms Split between
- First Aid points.
Current value 5 lux on floor - Treatment areas for minor
if not on escape route
Operations/ Dentistry.
Identify people at risk
Refuges
Refuge areas for disabled
staff. In these areas fire
wardens will now have to
go and collect disabled
persons often also
transferring them into
rescue sleds to enable
them safely to be taken
down stairs should
consider the light level
response and duration
times of emergency lighting
in refuges
Illumination of crash bars
Where the exit doors have security devices that
require manipulation such as crash bars then the
bars should have appropriate downwards
illumination
Illumination for exit signs on
doors that require operation
of a manipulative security
device should also provide
sufficient illumination to
facilitate the location and
operation of the device
Facilities for checking the Panel
It is part of the responsible persons duty to investigate
the source of the alarm and investigate the cause
Consequently the emergency lighting must be
sufficient to read the panel and any associated
building plans
Light levels at both
the panel and
building plans must
be adequate for
them to be read
correctly
Operation of Test Facilities
Are the users staff trained and capable of operating
and recording them correctly ?
Operators must be trained to –
Understand and keep to the test schedule intervals
They must know the procedure to initiate and
terminate the test then check recharge.
They must be able to assess if the test is satisfactory
and note any needs for maintenance such as
blackening of tube ends or excess dirt on diffusers
They must be able to initiate rectification in the event
of failure of a test and introduce measures to
protect occupants until repairs are made
Cooper products to assist compliance
• LED powered exit signs which have significantly
better lamp life than fluorescent signs.
• Improved light outputs from –
Alfalux dedicated High power luminaire
Conversion of high efficiency mains luminaires
High output central systems
• High quality portable emergency luminaires
• Automatic Testing systems to assist responsible
persons to demonstrate that test schedules have
been met safely
• Products have full data to assist correct designs
Cooper Menvier Britesign
Britesign uses two high power
LED (Light Emitting Diodes)
optimised to provide sign
illumination to BS EN
1838/BS 5266-7 for a design
life of continuous maintained
operation of 4 years. The
LED’s are mounted at the
base of the sign and also give
threshold light on crash bars
etc.
Cooper Alfalux High Bay
The Alfalux self contained
luminaire uses a large
battery with a high output
from the lamp which is then
optimised to give the high
light outputs needed to
compensate for the risks
now being identified by risk
assessments. Alternatively
conversions or central
systems can be used
Cooper Menvier Portable Handlamp
The use of hand lamps may be
appropriate in very small premises
but some have a tendency to get
broken, discharged lost or stolen.
This hand lamp is also particularly
useful to assist managers and fire
wardens to check if evacuation is
complete
This rechargeable hand lamp operates automatically in the
event of supply failure, it is robustly constructed in accordance
with BS EN 60598-2-22 and the draft specific requirements
Automatic Test Systems
Automatic test systems are
available either as self
contained luminaires or as
part of a system which
collects the controls and
indications of test results at a
single position and can be
used with either self contained
or central battery systems
Where Further Data and Advice
can be obtained
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Voltimum Web Site
BSI for standards courses and publications
ICEL Web Site and training courses
CIBSE for design guides and courses
Cooper Lighting and Security for detailed
product and application guides or our
exhibition stand
Associated Technologies
• Fire Alarms – FIA web site
Relevant Standards
Luminaire
Product Standard
EN60598-2-22: 1999
Open Area Lighting BS5266
Pt 7:1999 (EN1838)
Escape Route
Lighting
Fire Points BS5266
Pt 7:1999 (EN 1838)
Wiring
HD384-5
Other Areas
(eg Lifts)
BS 5266-1
Signage
Signs Directive
HSE Guide
Central System
Product Standard
EN 50171
Maintained or non-,main.
Duration of Luminaires
BS 5266-1
New BS5266-10 to cover
risk assessment hazards