Project Management - Manchester Metropolitan University
Download
Report
Transcript Project Management - Manchester Metropolitan University
Project Management
Lecture
Network Analysis
Plan
Introduction
Project planning
Project planning
Gantt chart and WBS
Network analysis I
Project planning
Network analysis II
Project planning
Resource analysis
Risk management
Quality
Budgets and cost
control
Project teams
Why Network Diagrams?
Splits up the decision making process into
Method/logic - the order in which tasks have to
be completed
Time – estimates for the time to completion
can be added to each task
Resources – these can be added and then
analysis carried out
Project Exercise 1
Project 1: Verification of a computer system
The followng table shows the activities required for this project.
Activity
ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Activity
Test Module A
Test Module B
Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Print User Documents
Final Systems Check
Prepare Invoice
Ship to Customer
Immediate Predecessor
none
Test Module A
none
Test Module B, Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Test Combined Modules
Final Systems Check
Print User Documents, Final
Systems Check
Duration
(Days)
4
6
7
4
5
2
9
1
2
Project Exercise 1
4
6
9
1
1. Test Module A
2. Test Module B
7. Final System
Check
8. Prepare
invoice
4
4. Test Combined
Modules
2
9. Ship to
Customer
7
5
2
3. Test Module C
5. Check User
Documents
6. Print User
Documents
Why Network Diagrams?
Splits up the decision making process into
Method/logic - the order in which tasks have to
be completed
Time – estimates for the time to completion
can be added to each task
Resources – these can be added and then
analysis carried out
Two Parts to the Analysis
Forward Pass
Calculates the Duration of the Project
Backward Pass
Calculates the slack/float for each task and
shows the critical path
Forward Pass
In a game
of rugby
it is a
means of
cheating
often
missed by
referees
(BBC, 2005)
Forward Pass
…but in project management it is used
To calculate the total duration of the Project…
For each task:
Take the earliest start time (EST)
Calculate the Earliest finish time (EFT):
EFT = EST+Duration
What’s in the box?
Earliest
Start
Estimated
Duration
Earliest
Finish
Activity Number
Activity Description
Latest
Start
Float
Latest
Finish
Forward Pass
0
27
27
27
Task A
5
32
Task B
27
10
Task C
37
Forward Pass
0
27
27
Task A
10
12
Task B
27
??
5
Task C
22
32
??
Project Exercise 1
Project 1: Verification of a computer system
The followng table shows the activities required for this project.
Activity
ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Activity
Test Module A
Test Module B
Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Print User Documents
Final Systems Check
Prepare Invoice
Ship to Customer
Immediate Predecessor
none
Test Module A
none
Test Module B, Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Test Combined Modules
Final Systems Check
Print User Documents, Final
Systems Check
Duration
(Days)
4
6
7
4
5
2
9
1
2
Exercise 1 – Forward Pass
Carry out a forward
pass on Project in
Exercise 1
Project Exercise 1
4
6
9
1
1. Test Module A
2. Test Module B
7. Final System
Check
8. Prepare
invoice
4
4. Test Combined
Modules
2
9. Ship to
Customer
7
5
2
3. Test Module C
5. Check User
Documents
6. Print User
Documents
Project Exercise 1
0
4
4
4
1. Test Module A
6
Dangler
10
14
9
23
23
7. Final System
Check
2. Test Module B
1
24
8. Prepare
invoice
Dangler
10
Dangler
4
14
4. Test Combined
Modules
23
2
25
9. Ship to
Customer
0
7
7
3. Test Module C
14
5
19
5. Check User
Documents
19
2
21
6. Print User
Documents
Start and Finish Nodes
0
0
Start
0
0
4
4
4
1. Test Module A
6
10
14
9
23
23
7. Final System
Check
2. Test Module B
10
4
1
24
8. Prepare
invoice
14
4. Test Combined
Modules
23
2
25
9. Ship to
Customer
0
7
7
3. Test Module C
14
5
19
5. Check User
Documents
19
2
21
6. Print User
Documents
25
0
Finish
25
What’s in the box?
Earliest
Start
Estimated
Duration
Earliest
Finish
Activity Number
Activity Description
Latest
Start
Float
Latest
Finish
Backward Pass
To calculate the float for each task?
For each task:
Take the latest start time (LST)
Calculate the latest finish time (LFT):
LST = LFT-Duration
Backward Pass
0
27
27
27
Task A
0
10
22
Task B
15
32
Task C
27
12
5
27
27
32
Backward Pass
27
7
34
34
Task A
29
7
41
Task B
36
41
34
48
9
43
Task C
36
45
Project Exercise 1
Project 1: Verification of a computer system
The followng table shows the activities required for this project.
Activity
ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Activity
Test Module A
Test Module B
Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Print User Documents
Final Systems Check
Prepare Invoice
Ship to Customer
Immediate Predecessor
none
Test Module A
none
Test Module B, Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Test Combined Modules
Final Systems Check
Print User Documents, Final
Systems Check
Duration
(Days)
4
6
7
4
5
2
9
1
2
Exercise 1 – Backward Pass
Carry out a backward pass on project
exercise 1
Ex1 - After Backward Pass
0
0
0
Start
0
0
4
4
4
1. Test Module A
0
0
6
10
14
4
23
23
7. Final System
Check
2. Test Module B
4
9
14
10
10
4
24
8. Prepare
invoice
23
24
25
14
4. Test Combined
Modules
10
1
23
14
7
7
3. Test Module C
3
10
25
25
9. Ship to
Customer
23
0
2
14
5
19
5. Check User
Documents
15
21
19
2
21
6. Print User
Documents
21
23
25
0
25
Finish
25
25
What about the float?
Float = LFT-EFT
Or
Float = LST-EST
What about the float?
Float represents the amount of time that
the task can be delayed without affecting
the outcome of the project
A task with zero float cannot be delayed
and is therefore critical to the timely
completion of the project
What about the float?
A time optimised project will have a
sequence of tasks from start to finish that
have zero float
This sequence of tasks is called the critical
path
Project Exercise 1
Project 1: Verification of a computer system
The followng table shows the activities required for this project.
Activity
ID
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Activity
Test Module A
Test Module B
Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Print User Documents
Final Systems Check
Prepare Invoice
Ship to Customer
Immediate Predecessor
none
Test Module A
none
Test Module B, Test Module C
Test Combined Modules
Check User Documents
Test Combined Modules
Final Systems Check
Print User Documents, Final
Systems Check
Duration
(Days)
4
6
7
4
5
2
9
1
2
Exercise 1 – Critical Path
Calculate the float for each task and
identify the critical path through the project
Ex1 – Float
0
0
0
Start
0
0
0
4
4
4
1. Test Module A
0
0
0
6
10
14
4
0
23
23
7. Final System
Check
2. Test Module B
4
9
14
10
10
4
0
0
24
8. Prepare
invoice
23
24
1
25
14
4. Test Combined
Modules
10
1
23
14
7
7
3. Test Module C
3
3
10
25
25
9. Ship to
Customer
23
0
2
14
5
19
5. Check User
Documents
15
2
21
19
2
21
6. Print User
Documents
21
2
23
0
25
0
25
Finish
25
0
25
Ex1 – Critical Path
0
0
0
Start
0
0
0
4
4
4
1. Test Module A
0
0
0
6
10
14
4
0
23
23
7. Final System
Check
2. Test Module B
4
9
14
10
10
4
0
0
24
8. Prepare
invoice
23
24
1
25
14
4. Test Combined
Modules
10
1
23
14
7
7
3. Test Module C
3
3
10
25
25
9. Ship to
Customer
23
0
2
14
5
19
5. Check User
Documents
15
2
21
19
2
21
6. Print User
Documents
21
2
23
0
25
0
25
Finish
25
0
25
Questions
My Project has no critical path. What does
this mean?
My programmer has broken his big toe in a
skiing accident and cannot type for two
weeks (he has a valid sick note). How will
this affect my software delivery date?
Directed Study
Find the critical path for Project Exercise 2
(see Lecture 3).
Find the critical path for the large project in
Exercise 3.
Plan
Introduction
Project planning
Project planning
Gantt chart and WBS
Network analysis I
Project planning
Network analysis II
Project planning
Resource analysis
Risk management
Quality
Budgets and cost
control
Project teams